The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of teaching practices in kindergartens and day care nurseries on perceived pre-school teacher-efficacy (PTE) by longitudinal method. In a ...preliminary study, a PTE scale was administered to 161 junior college students in an early childhood education course in order to examine changes between pre- and post-teaching practices. The results revealed that the subjects were inclined to increase their PTE scores after their teaching practices. In a primary study, a revised PTE scale was administered to 142 junior college students. The main results were as follows: 1) The PTE scale proved to have satisfactory internal consistency. 2) High validity was shown in a correlation of the PTE score with other measures, such as generalized self-efficacy, locus of control, self-evaluation concerning teaching practice and performance scores evaluated by the guidance teacher. 3) The PTE scores increased significantly after the teaching practice. These results showed that the teaching practice experience enhanced the PTE. 4) The perceived “sense of harmony with the kindergarten” concerning teaching practice had an effective relation to the PTE.
Japanese intensivists' background and subspecialty Nagamatsu, Soichiro; Kobe, Yoshiro; Yamashita, Kazuto ...
Journal of the Japanese Society of Intensive Care Medicine,
2012/01/01, Letnik:
19, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
Objectives: The subspecialty and the background of Japanese intensivists were analyzed. Methods: The number of board certified physicians from the Japanese Society of Intensive Care Medicine (JSICM), ...the Japanese Society of Anesthesiologists (JSA), the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine (JAAM), the Japanese Circulation Society (JCS), and the Japan Neurosurgical Society (JNS) was calculated. Results: Among the critical care board certified physicians, 69.0% had board certified by JSA, 41.6% by JAAM, 3.86% by JCS and 1.76% by JNS, respectively. Conclusions: The majority of intensivists in Japan have anesthesiology board.
The clinical features in cases that have mutations in the microtubule-associated protein tau gene but lack prominent behavioral changes remain unclear. Here, we describe detailed clinical and ...pathological features of a case carrying the P301L tau mutation that showed only apathy until the middle stage of the course. The mother of this case was suspected to have mild cognitive decline at age 46. However, before she was fully examined, she had a subarachnoid hemorrhage at age 49 and died at age 53. An autopsy was not done. The proband of this pedigree, a 60-year-old right-handed Japanese man at the time of death, began to make mistakes at work at the age of 51 years. Until age 54, he showed only mild apathy with bradykinesia. Insight was well spared. Parkinsonism and echolalia developed at age 55, and pyramidal signs and oral tendency at age 57. Personality change, disinhibition, stereotypy, or semantic memory impairment was not found throughout the course. The final neurological diagnosis was unspecified dementia. Pathological examination demonstrated numerous round four-repeat tau-positive three-repeat tau-negative or perinuclear ring-like neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions with many ballooned neurons in the frontal and temporal cortices and hippocampus. Genetic analysis using frozen brain tissue demonstrated a P301L tau mutation. Among 31 previously reported cases bearing the P301L tau mutation for which the data regarding initial symptoms are available, one clinical case showed only apathy with depression in the early stage. Given these findings, clinicians should be aware that a clinical course characterized only by apathy for several years, which can be misdiagnosed as a psychiatric disorder, is one of the clinical presentations associated with P301L tau mutation.
It is very rare that cases of Pick's disease, a representative three-repeat (3R) tauopathy, also have significant four-repeat (4R) tau accumulation. Here, we report a Pick's disease case that ...clinically showed behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia without motor disturbance during the course, and pathologically had 3R tau-positive Pick bodies as well as numerous 4R tau-positive neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions (NCIs). Abundant 3R tau-positive 4R tau-negative spherical or horseshoe-shaped Pick bodies were found in the frontotemporal cortex, limbic region, striatum and pontine nucleus. On the other hand, many 4R tau-positive, 3R tau-negative, Gallyas-negative dot-, rod- or intertwined skein-like NCIs were found mainly in the subthalamic nucleus, pontine nucleus, inferior olivary nucleus and cerebellar dentate nucleus. Tufted astrocytes, astrocytic plaques, argyrophilic grains or globular glial inclusions were absent. Double-labeling immunofluorescence demonstrated that 3R tau was hardly accumulated in 4R tau-positive inclusions. On tau immunoblotting, while 60 and 64 kDa bands were demonstrated in the frontal cortex, 60, 64 and 68 kDa bands, as well as the 33 kDa tau fragments that are reported to be characteristic of progressive supranuclear palsy brains, were found in the basal ganglia and cerebellum. No mutation was identified in the tau gene. The present case suggests that, although probably rare, some Pick's disease cases have non-negligible 4R tau pathology in the subcortical nuclei, and that such 4R tau pathology can affect the evaluation of the distribution of AT8-positive tau pathology in Pick's disease cases.
Lysozyme (LZM) activities in sera of 236 persons including 159 persons with pneumoconiosis in a group of ceramic workers and 77 healthy persons were measured by tubidity method. The results were ...summarized as follows; 1. LZM value in sera of controls was 5.6±1.2μg/ml (M±S. D.) and those of subjects with each form of pneumoconiosis roentgenogram was 6.4±1.3 in PR1 (n=40), 7.1±1.8 in PR2 (n=33), 7.0±1.6 in PR3 (n=52) and 7.0±2.1 in PR4 (n=34). There were significant differences (p<0.01, respectivity) between that of controls and of subjects with each form of pneumoconiosis, but no significant difference among those of subjects in PR2, PR3 and PR4. 2. Increased values of LZM above 8.1μg/ml (M+2S. D. of controls) appeared 2.6% in controls, 15.0% in PR1, 27.3% in PR2, 15.3% in PR3 and 17.6% in PR4. Those rates in subjects with each form of pneumoconiosis were significantly higher (p<0.01, respectivity) in comparison with that of controls, but no significant difference among 4 forms was recognized. 3. In the relationship between LZM values in sera and the results of the score evaluation of radiographic severity in pneumoconiosis, there was significant correlation with the scores of rounded opacities (r=0.39, p<0.01) and were not correlations with the score of other radiograpic findings. 4. In the ralationship between LZM values in sera and the data of various pulmonary function tests in the group of pneomoconiosis, there was significant negative correlation with only the values of V25/H/pre (r=-0.21, p<0.01). 5. There were no significant differences in LZM values between subjects with and without subjective symptomes (e. g. dyspnea, cough, sputum) in PR 3 or PR4. 6. The correlation between LZM and ACE (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme) values in sera of subjects with pneumoconiosis was significantly recognized (r=0.43, p<0.01). 7. LZM values in sera were not related with the years of occupational exposure in the group of pneomoconiosis.
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