It is increasingly clear that influenza A infection induces cross-subtype neutralizing antibodies that may potentially confer protection against zoonotic infections. It is unclear whether this is ...mediated by antibodies to the neuraminidase (NA) or haemagglutinin (HA). We use pseudoviral particles (H5pp) coated with H5 haemagglutinin but not N1 neuraminidase to address this question. In this study, we investigate whether cross-neutralizing antibodies in persons unexposed to H5N1 is reactive to the H5 haemagglutinin.
We measured H5-neutralization antibody titers pre- and post-vaccination using the H5N1 micro-neutralization test (MN) and H5pp tests in subjects given seasonal vaccines and in selected sera from European elderly volunteers in a H5N1 vaccine trial who had detectable pre-vaccination H5N1 MN antibody titers. We found detectable (titer > or = 20) H5N1 neutralizing antibodies in a minority of pre-seasonal vaccine sera and evidence of a serological response to H5N1 in others after seasonal influenza vaccination. There was excellent correlation in the antibody titers between the H5N1 MN and H5pp tests. Similar correlations were found between MN and H5pp in the pre-vaccine sera from the cohort of H5N1 vaccine trial recipients.
Heterosubtype neutralizing antibody to H5N1 in healthy volunteers unexposed to H5N1 is mediated by cross-reaction to the H5 haemagglutinin.
The addition of daratumumab to lenalidomide and dexamethasone resulted in superior response rate and progression-free survival, as compared with lenalidomide and dexamethasone alone, at a cost of ...more frequent neutropenia and infusion reactions.
The incorporation of proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs into the standard of care has improved outcomes in patients with multiple myeloma over the past 10 years,
1
–
3
but most patients still eventually have a relapse.
4
Relapse can occur even after standard complete remission in the context of first-line therapy, and studies are therefore evaluating deeper responses in a category termed “minimal residual disease–negative” (i.e., results below the threshold for minimal residual disease) that is prognostic with regard to a rate of disease progression in a time-to-event analysis and overall survival.
5
,
6
However, this category of minimal residual disease status has . . .
Abstract Availability of new rotavirus vaccines highlights the need to maintain and enhance rotavirus strain surveillance. We collected stool samples from children with gastroenteritis admitted to ...eight hospitals in South Korea from April 2005 to March 2007. Of the 6057 samples collected, 1337 (22%) were positive for rotavirus by one of several antigen detection assays. G and P genotypes were identified for 1299 (97%) of rotavirus-positive specimens. G1P8 (36%) was the most prevalent strain, followed by G3P8 (16%), G4P6 (8.9%) and G1P6 (8.2%). G1P8 was also the most prevalent strain in each hospital. Seasonal peaks of rotavirus infection were noted from November 2005 to April 2006 and January to March 2007. This large-scale surveillance study provides important insights into rotavirus genotype distribution and pattern changes in South Korea.
A central paradigm within virology is that each viral particle largely behaves as an independent infectious unit. Here, we demonstrate that clusters of enteroviral particles are packaged within ...phosphatidylserine (PS) lipid-enriched vesicles that are non-lytically released from cells and provide greater infection efficiency than free single viral particles. We show that vesicular PS lipids are co-factors to the relevant enterovirus receptors in mediating subsequent infectivity and transmission, in particular to primary human macrophages. We demonstrate that clustered packaging of viral particles within vesicles enables multiple viral RNA genomes to be collectively transferred into single cells. This study reveals a novel mode of viral transmission, where enteroviral genomes are transmitted from cell-to-cell en bloc in membrane-bound PS vesicles instead of as single independent genomes. This has implications for facilitating genetic cooperativity among viral quasispecies as well as enhancing viral replication.
Display omitted
•Clusters of viruses are packaged and released non-lytically in PS lipid vesicles•PS lipids are co-factors in mediating subsequent infectivity and transmission•PS vesicles provide greater infection efficiency for viruses•PS vesicles enable viral genome clusters to be transmitted en bloc cell-to-cell
Clusters of enteroviruses are packaged in phosphatidylserine (PS)-enriched vesicles, thereby enhancing the infection efficiency of the viruses and enabling collective transmission of multiple viral genomes from cell-to-cell.
Recovered recurrently depressed patients were randomized to treatment
as usual (TAU) or TAU plus mindfulness-based cognitive therapy
(MBCT). Replicating previous findings, MBCT reduced
relapse from ...78% to 36% in 55 patients with 3 or more previous
episodes; but in 18 patients with only 2 (recent) episodes
corresponding figures were 20% and 50%. MBCT was most
effective in preventing relapses not preceded by life events. Relapses
were more often associated with significant life events in the 2-episode
group. This group also reported less childhood adversity and later first
depression onset than the 3-or-more-episode group,
suggesting that these groups represented distinct populations. MBCT is
an effective and efficient way to prevent relapse/recurrence in recovered
depressed patients with 3 or more previous episodes.
CUORE sensitivity to $$0\nu \beta \beta $$ decay Alduino, C.; Alfonso, K.; Artusa, D. R. ...
The European physical journal. C, Particles and fields,
08/2017, Letnik:
77, Številka:
8
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
We report a study of the CUORE sensitivity to neutrinoless double beta (0νββ) decay. We used a Bayesian analysis based on a toy Monte Carlo (MC) approach to extract the exclusion sensitivity to the ...0νββ decay half-life (T1/20ν) at 90% credibility interval (CI) – i.e. the interval containing the true value of T1/20ν with 90% probability – and the 3σ discovery sensitivity. We consider various background levels and energy resolutions, and describe the influence of the data division in subsets with different background levels. If the background level and the energy resolution meet the expectation, CUORE will reach a 90% CI exclusion sensitivity of 2·1025 year with 3 months, and 9·1025 year with 5 years of live time. Under the same conditions, the discovery sensitivity after 3 months and 5 years will be 7·1024 year and 4·1025 year, respectively.
PDF
