•The 2D Croatian LAS can be upgraded into a 3D real property cadastre in Croatia.•Cadastral resurvey can be upgraded to use available data from various sources to implement 3D cadastre.•Republic of ...Croatia has 3D data for more than 800 000 buildings that could be used to implement a 3D (real property) cadastre.•For a complete implementation of 3D cadastre it is necessary to revise legislation to record the height of measured points.
2D Land cadastre on the present territory of the Republic of Croatia has been continuously developed in the last 200 years. Throughout the years, survey methods, needs and purposes of cadastre have changed. This resulted in a variety of cadastral data with different accuracy and completeness. Today, we can collect an enormous amount of data and the need for cadastral data has never been greater. We need to find feasible solutions to make the initial acquisition of 3D cadastral data which would satisfy the needs of stakeholders involved in Land Administration System (LAS).
This paper will present a historical background of the cadastral data acquisition which would help to understand circumstances on how this variety of available cadastral data has been produced and the data available nowadays. Based on the historical overview and the overview of the current state, we will upgrade the data model of a LAS used in Croatia to support the implementation of a 3D cadastre. The model will include its static components but also proposed improvements of cadastral resurvey related processes. The Land Administration Domain Model (LADM), which in 2012 became the ISO 19,152 standard, will be used as the formal basis.
This paper offers a proposal for cadastral resurvey improvements, better registration of public rights and registration of separate parts of real properties. It will identify and explore critical points and make recommendations to bring Real Property Cadastre closer to a real 3D register.
•Weak linkage of official registers is the cause of various unwanted consequences.•Data redundancy is one of the major problems in Croatian official registers.•A redundancy analysis was executed ...using schema matching techniques.•The proposed linkages were created by extending the UML models of the LADM.
Weak or non-existing linkage of official registers in the Republic of Croatia and the data redundancy as an inevitable outcome of such a state are the causes of various unwanted consequences for the relevant public authorities, as well as for citizens and companies as the end-users of that data.
In this paper we present the results of an analysis of the status of the redundancy within the Croatian land administration-related registers. Following the analysis, suggestions are given on how the effectiveness of the analyzed registers can be increased by introducing a linking based on the Land Administration Domain Model (LADM). The proposed linkages were created by extending the Unified Modelling Language (UML) object classes of the LADM. The compliance analysis between registers and the LADM was conducted by using schema matching. Schema matching is a set of techniques used for comparing schemas (usually referred to as data models), and is well known within the database research domain. The results of the analysis were used to determine in which direction to go with extending of the LADM.
All of the outputs of this research can be used to create a strategy for improving the effectiveness of the overall system of registers, which in turn should result in an overall economic progress of the country.
Disaster risk management (DRM) has always been important, but nowadays, with the increasing number of disasters due to climate changes, it is becoming even more so. Every phase of DRM is heavily ...reliant on geodata. First of all, each disaster occurs at a specific location, and this location contains geodata, which can be used in DRM, e.g., cadastral data, GNSS data, aerial images, topographic data, elevation data, etc. Geodata are important for making faster and more accurate decisions in disaster situations. It is possible to collect these geodata from many different sources, e.g., the public sector, private sector and citizens. Nevertheless, official geodata coming from competent authorities should be the most accurate and reliable. In this paper, we investigate the importance of official geodata in DRM on several examples from recent disasters in Croatia. Official geodata produced by the Croatian State Geodetic Administration (SGA) were used in managing disasters such as floods, forest fires, earthquakes and war. Our research findings show that DRM is an area in which National Mapping and Cadastral Authorities (NMCAs) should focus more on collecting and sharing geodata and provide more dynamic and innovative products. In these challenging times, more and more geodata are becoming available from different sources, besides official ones. With this plethora of geodata, in order to be relevant and competitive, NMCAs must change their business models and offer more attractive and useful services in order to satisfy the increasing user needs and demands. This paper shows that the SGA in Croatia is on the path towards achieving this goal.
During the summer period, fire hazards represent an especially real threat not only for vegetation and animals, but also for material resources and human lives. In the Republic of Croatia, the most ...affected areas are those in the coastal region, which are characterised by a very dry environment and strong winds that are conducive to the rapid spread of wildfire. Although the prevention of wildfire is an utmost imperative, many countries are still missing a good and reliable fire management system for both fire monitoring and prevention and post-disaster management. The aim of this paper is to show the utilisation of open source GIS, web-based technologies, and open data in the case of natural disasters, and to define the concept of advanced national system of compensation determination. Such a system could be utilised to identify land parcels for which compensations for damage and losses after fire devastation have to be determined and could be used by compensation agencies, insurance companies, or state administration. The island of Hvar, which has suffered from fire hazards, was used as a case study for a quick and relevant calculation of the compensation based on land administration data. Sentinel satellite images and official digital orthophoto maps (DOMs) of the affected area before and after the fire devastation were obtained and analysed together with the data on cadastral parcels and land owners. Research was conducted by using both sets of imagery data, showing that Sentinel satellite images are more than adequate for fulfilling the task of the determination of hazard compensation.
This paper explores the laws and other legal acts related to the Croatian 3D cadastre with an emphasis on those which relate to interests in strata, spatial planning, and other regulations that are ...valid or were valid on Croatian territory. The effects of the application of these regulations on the present situation of registration in cadastre and land register were considered. This paper also explores current legal, institutional, and technical solutions implemented in the Croatian Land Administration System and the possibilities for its upgrade to 3D cadastre. Implementation of any technological option to establish a 3D cadastre is tightly related to legislation. Hence, legislation and technological options are considered to find solutions that will be possible to implement. One suggestion presented in this paper was to use other sources of 3D data such as topographic signs or symbols used to represent topographic objects on 2D maps. In combination with other geodetic and cartographic products, useful information can be obtained, often quite relevant to provide a reference context for a 3D cadastre. Topographic signs on topographic maps and on other geodetic products provide a representation of complex real-world situations (tunnels, bridges, overpasses etc.) that are not usually presented on cadastral maps. This paper presents the possibility of utilizing those topographic signs to achieve the first steps towards establishing a 3D cadastre. Furthermore, this study proposes the establishment of a 3D Multipurpose Land Administration System as the most efficient system of land administration in a time when spatial information is easier to obtain than ever before and traditional real estate registers are subject to frequent and demanding changes.
U radu je dan pregled procesa i poslova koji se obavljaju tijekom katastarske izmjere. Katastarskom se izmjerom prikupljaju podaci o nekretninama i interesima na njima u okviru nekog područja, ...najčešće katastarske općine. Polazna su osnova postojeći podaci katastarskog operata i zemljišne knjige. U katastarskoj izmjeri treba obaviti niz poslova kojima se prikuplja velika količina novih podataka pa je potrebno te poslove dobro organizirati jasnim procesima. Danas nam stoje na raspolaganju informatički alati, hardver i softver kojima se to može podržati. Za modeliranje samog procesa korišten je opći jezik za modeliranje – Unified Modeling Language (UML).
U radu je provedena analiza sustava upravljanja
zemljištem u tranzicijskim zemljama na primjeru
zemalja jugoistočne Europe. Analizirani su propisi
o upisu nekretnina i prava na njima te je obavljena
...usporedba institucija i nadležnosti. Analizirani su upisnici
nekretnina i prava na njima te navedene njihove
glavne značajke. Također je dan uvid u neka od tehnoloških
dostignuća na području unaprjeđenja i modernizacije
sustava upravljanja zemljištem.
The book Land Information Management – Cadastre (Upravljanje zemljišnim informacijama – katastar) was written by Prof. Dr. Miodrag Roić. It is a university textbook approved by the Senate of the ...University of Zagreb. The book was published in Croatian by the Faculty of Geodesy of the University of Zagreb in 2012.
Dostupnost katastarskih podataka Roić, Miodrag; Cetl, Vlado; Mađer, Mario
Kartografija i geoinformacije,
06/2007, Letnik:
6, Številka:
izv. / spec.
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
Podaci i informacije u nadležnosti tijela javne vlasti čine informacije javnog sektora kojima upravljaju nadležne institucije. Ti podaci u pravilu podliježu načelu javnosti. Međutim, pri stavljanju ...tih podataka dostupnima putem interneta javnost se ograničava. Najčešći je razlog tomu želja za naplatom troškova. U radu se prikazuju dva karakteristična pristupa tom pitanju i svojstva servisa preko kojih se može pristupiti katastarskim podacima. Analizirana su oba pristupa s gledišta naplate troškova te odnosa politike pristupa i cijena javnih informacija u nekim zemljama svijeta s posebnim osvrtom na podatke katastra.
Razvoj tehnologija, posebno informacijsko komunikacijskih tehnologija i navigacijskih tehnologija, otvorio je mogućnost skupljanja prostornih podataka svima zainteresiranima. Taj trend doveo je do ...nove paradigme u vidu dobrovoljnih geoinformacija. Brzina skupljanja, ali i količina tih podataka predstavlja veliki potencijal njihovog korištenja. S druge pak strane nameće se pitanje kvalitete tako skupljenih podataka. U pravilu njih skupljaju dobrovoljci koji nemaju nikakvu formalnu naobrazbu u skupljanju prostornih podataka. To nameće potrebu za ispitivanjem kvalitete kao i za uspostavom odgovarajućih standarda za njihovo skupljanje i upotrebu. U ovom radu daje se prikaz fenomena dobrovoljnih geoinformacija, njihova definicija, povezanost s infrastrukturom prostornih podataka te mogućnosti njihove upotrebe. Prikazani su različiti primjeri skupljanja i upotrebe primjenom različitih aplikacija u Hrvatskoj. Također obavljena je analiza njihove potpunosti na primjeru OpenStreetMapa. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju kako potpunost dobrovoljnih geoinformacija ovisi prije svega o interesu onih koji ih skupljaju i upotrebljavaju. Podaci OpenStreetMapa su sadržajno potpuniji u urbanim područjima i u obalnom području, dok to nije slučaj u prigradskim i ruralnim sredinama. Sveopći trend skupljanja i sve veća količina dobrovoljnih geoinformacija u određenoj mjeri već čine alternativu službenim bazama prostornih podataka. Kroz odgovarajuću standardizaciju ti podaci mogu poslužiti i kao dobar izvor za njihovo ažuriranje i održavanje.
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