Catalytic reactivity of Si–H bond of di-, trisiloxanes with allyl chloride in the presence of platinum catalyst has been examined. Hydrosilylation process competes with hydrogen substitution by ...chlorine and/or propenyl group. The effect of the reaction conditions on the yield and selectivity of the number of products has been discussed.
Catalytic reactivity of Si–H bond of di-, trisiloxanes with allyl chloride in the presence of platinum catalyst has been examined. Hydrosilylation process competes with hydrogen substitution by chlorine and/or propenyl group. The effect of the reaction conditions as well as structure of siloxane on the yield and selectivity of the number of products has been discussed. Several consecutive-competitive processes have been identified. The results obtained can be helpful in the study of the catalytic hydropolysiloxanes reactions with allyl derivatives–systems of great practical importance, to produce commercial functionalized silicones.
A simple one pot synthesis from the readily available starting materials Ni(cod)
2 or Ni(PPh
3)
2C
2H
4 and vinyl derivatives of organosilicon compounds provides an essentially quantitative route to ...the series of nickel complexes with vinyl-siloxane, -silane and -silazane ligands.
Reactions of the nickel(0) complexes Ni(cod)
2 (in the presence of PP or Ni(PPh
3)
2C
2H
4 with vinyl-siloxanes, -silanes or -silazanes yield, by displacement of alkene ligand, the new nickel π-complexes Ni(PPh
3)
2(η-CH
2
CHSi(OSiMe
3)
3) (
2), {Ni(PPh
3)}
2{μ-(η-{(CH
2
CH)
2SiMe}
2O}) (
4), Ni(PPh
3){η
4-CH
2
CHSi(Me)(μ-O)}
3 (
5), {Ni(η-CH
2
CHSiMe
2)
2O}(η-CH
2
CHSiMe
3) (
7) and the known complexes Ni(PPh
3)
2(η-CH
2
CHSiMe
3) (
1), {Ni(PPh
3)}
2{μ-(η-(CH
2
CH)
4Si}) (
3), {Ni(PPh
3)(η-CH
2
CHSiMe
2)
2NH} (
6) obtained by a simple one pot synthesis, more efficiently than in hitherto published reports. The X-ray crystal structure of (
1) shows a trigonal planar environment around the nickel atom.
For a manipulator operating in a hazardous or remote environment, an important concern is its capability after a component failure, since retrieval or repair is not always possible. Methods have been ...presented in the literature for optimizing capabilities after specific types of failures. However, techniques for achieving failure tolerance when conversion between failure types is possible has not been fully explored. This paper presents an approach to improving postfailure performance by converting between locked-joint failures and free-swinging failures through active braking. When a manipulator is moved slowly, gravitational forces can be used to control the failed joint in free-swinging mode, allowing the problem to be cast as a kinematic one. The validity of the kinematic formulation and its implementation and global consequences are explored.
The association between Escherichia coli virulence factors and chronic intestinal disorders is mostly unknown. The presented study compared the distribution of virulence genes and phylogroups among ...E. coli isolated from chronic intestinal disorders such as Crohn's disease and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) with strains isolated from patients with acute diarrhea as a control group. The presence of 159 virulence genes corresponding to known E. coli pathotypes was determined among 78 E. coli archive strains isolated from IBS, acute diarrhea and Crohn's disease using CGH microarray. E. coli isolated from IBS demonstrated a mosaic of virulence genes specific to enteropathogenic, enterotoxigenic, enterohemorrhagic E. coli strains and Shigella species. In contrast, virulence factors and phylogroups distribution among E. coli isolated from children with acute diarrhea was similar to extraintestinal E. coli strains that probably acquired some virulence genes. The acquisition of virulence genes might have an impact on diarrheagenic potential of these strains. On the other hand, E. coli isolated from children with Crohn's disease seem to be similar to adherent-invasive E. coli strains (AIEC), as it lack most known virulence genes. The presented study showed that these analyzed groups of E. coli strains differed from each other with the respect to the distribution of virulence genes. The differences in gene content support the idea that the participation of E. coli in chronic intestinal diseases is mostly related to virulence potential of these strains.
This article presents a hierarchical control structure aimed at optimizing the electricity production process in solar power plants with distributed collectors. In these systems, a fluid is heated ...using the energy provided by the solar irradiation until a desired outlet temperature range is achieved, despite of the effect of disturbances (mainly radiation and inlet temperature),using as manipulated variable the fluid flow. The heated fluid is then used for feeding a heat exchanger where steam is produced for electricity generation using a turbine. Nonlinear models are used in the design of the different layers of the control architecture.
This work is devoted to application of explanatory data analysis in the field of solar plant control and monitoring. Data analysis tasks are discussed that allow discovering useful plant knowledge ...based on historical data obtained from plant control and monitoring systems. Approaches discussed include both OLAP analysis of plant monitoring data (i.e. multidimensional analysis based on a data warehouse), as well as data mining on plant monitoring data. Some of the data analysis tasks discussed have been realized based on monitoring data from distributed solar collector fields at Plataforma Solar de Almeria in Spain.
Mobile object recognition based on acoustic information Jarnicki, J.; Mazurkiewicz, J.; Maciejewski, H.
IECON '98. Proceedings of the 24th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (Cat. No.98CH36200),
1998, Letnik:
3
Conference Proceeding
The paper considers a statistical method to classify objects based on sound emitted by the objects. Engines and the carriageable devices are the sources of the signal. The methodology used doesn't ...require detailed analysis of which part of the object is responsible for the components of the signal. The sound is preprocessed using DSP methods to obtain feature vectors to be used by a statistical classifier. A computer system equipped with a DSP processor for mobile object recognition as real-time application is also presented. Results of classification of various military vehicles were the subject of conclusions.
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