Development of Forward Tracker Malige, A; Korcyl, G; Lalik, R ...
Journal of physics. Conference series,
10/2020, Letnik:
1667, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The High Acceptence DiElectron Spectrometer has experienced many years of successful operation which revealed high capability of measuring resonance production in proton-proton and pion-proton ...reactions. Since many of the production channels that are crucial for the understanding of the resonance production are highly anisotropic, that a large part of the signal would be located in the most forward and backward phase space regions, a new opportunity to an upgrade to the detector for improving the phase-space acceptance in this region has been proposed. The Forward Tracker (FT) will cover the polar angle in the detector system between 0°and 6.5°, which significantly will increase the detection acceptance. The FT is in construction with the synergy with PANDA Central Tracker, and is realized by groups from Jagellionian University, FZ Jülich and LIP Coimbra. The development of the new and faster readout electronics (DAQ) to cope with higher data rates, track reconstruction and the results from the beam time at Forschungszentrum Jülich are discussed.
Large-scale physics experiments running at high interaction rates place a high demand on the data acquisition system (DAQ) responsible for transporting the data from the detector to the storage. The ...antiProton ANihilation at DArmstadt (PANDA) at the facility for anti-proton and ion research (FAIR) is one such experiment of the future that will not use fixed hardware triggers; instead, the event selection is based on real-time feature extraction, filtering, and high-level correlations. A firmware framework for such real-time data processing has been developed and tested with hardware setup for a PANDA Forward Tracker (FT) prototype. The solution is applicable for other detector subsystems based on the so-called Trigger Readout Board (TRB) data read-out system.
Flow coefficients vn of the orders n = 1 – 6 are measured with the High-Acceptance Spectrometer (HADES) at GSI for protons, deuterons, and tritons as a function of centrality, transverse momentum, ...and rapidity in Au + Au collisions at √sNN = 2.4 GeV. Combining the information from the flow coefficients of all orders allows us to construct for the first time, at collision energies of a few GeV, a multidifferential picture of the angular emission pattern of these particles. It reflects the complicated interplay between the effect of the central fireball pressure on the emission of particles and their subsequent interaction with spectator matter. The high precision information on higher order flow coefficients is a major step forward in constraining the equation of state of dense baryonic matter.
OBJECTIVE:In light of the recent uptrend in the prescription of opioids, this study seeks to identify patterns of opioid misuse among orthopaedic postoperative patients and principal external sources ...in obtaining these medications.
DESIGN:Ten-month survey–based study.
SETTING:Two Level I trauma centers (urban and suburban).
PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS:Two hundred seven patients between the ages of 18 and 89 years who underwent surgical fixation of fractures involving the pelvis, long bones, or periarticular regions of the knee, ankle, elbow, and wrist.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS:Patients who believed they were undermedicated, used prescribed opioids at higher than recommended doses, and took extra opioids in addition to their prescribed analgesics were analyzed by age, employment, income, education, controlled substance use, pain interference with activities of daily living, and anatomic surgical site.
RESULTS:One hundred eighty-two patients completed the survey; 19.2% of patients (n = 35) felt undermedicated unemployed (P < 0.05), low income (P < 0.05), and self-reported controlled substance users (P < 0.05); 12.6% of patients (n = 23) admitted to using pain medications at a higher dose than prescribed unemployed (P < 0.05), lower income (P < 0.05), nonhigh school graduates (P < 0.05), and previous controlled substance users (P < 0.05); 9.3% (n = 17) admitted to using external opioids unemployed patients (P < 0.05) and self-reported controlled substance users (P < 0.05). Major sources of extraneous opioids include family/friends (n = 5) and other doctors (n = 4).
CONCLUSION:Unemployed and lower-income patients were significantly more likely to believe that their surgeon was not prescribing them enough pain medications as well as use their prescribed opioid medications at a higher than recommended dose compared with their employed counterparts with higher incomes. Unemployed patients were also significantly more likely to use additional opioid analgesics in addition to those prescribed to them by their primary surgeon. Surgeon awareness of a patientʼs socioeconomic background and associated risk of opioid misuse is crucial to prescribe the safest most effective pain regimen.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
High-precision measurements of flow coefficients
v
n
(
n
=
1
-
4
) for protons, deuterons and tritons relative to the first-order spectator plane have been performed in Au+Au collisions at
s
NN
=
2.4
... GeV with the High-Acceptance Di-Electron Spectrometer (HADES) at the SIS18/GSI. Flow coefficients are studied as a function of transverse momentum
p
t
and rapidity
y
cm
over a large region of phase-space and for several classes of collision centrality. A clear mass hierarchy, as expected by relativistic hydrodynamics, is found for the slope of
v
1
,
d
v
1
/
d
y
′
|
y
′
=
0
where
y
′
is the scaled rapidity, and for
v
2
at mid-rapidity. Scaling with the number of nucleons is observed for the
p
t
dependence of
v
2
and
v
4
at mid-rapidity, which is indicative for nuclear coalescence as the main process responsible for light nuclei formation.
v
2
is found to scale with the initial eccentricity
⟨
ϵ
2
⟩
, while
v
4
scales with
⟨
ϵ
2
⟩
2
and
⟨
ϵ
4
⟩
. The multi-differential high-precision data on
v
1
,
v
2
,
v
3
, and
v
4
provides important constraints on the equation-of-state of compressed baryonic matter.
Abstract The production of $$\Sigma ^{0}$$ Σ 0 hyperons in proton proton collisions at a beam kinetic energy of 3.5 GeV impinging on a liquid hydrogen target was investigated using data collected ...with the HADES setup. The total production cross section is found to be $${\sigma (pK^{+}\Sigma ^{0}) = 17.7 \pm 1.7 (stat) \pm 1.6 (syst)}$$ σ ( p K + Σ 0 ) = 17.7 ± 1.7 ( s t a t ) ± 1.6 ( s y s t ) µb. Differential cross section distributions of the exclusive channel $${pp \rightarrow pK^{+}\Sigma ^{0}}$$ p p → p K + Σ 0 were analyzed in the center-of-mass, Gottfried–Jackson and helicity reference frames for the first time at the excess energy of 556 MeV. The data support the interplay between pion and kaon exchange mechanisms and clearly demonstrate the contribution of interfering nucleon resonances decaying to $$\textrm{K}^{+}\Sigma ^{0}$$ K + Σ 0 . The Bonn–Gatchina partial wave analysis was employed to analyse the data. Due to the limited statistics, it was not possible to obtain an unambiguous determination of the relative contribution of intermediate nucleon resonances to the final state. However nucleon resonances with masses around 1.710 $${\textrm{GeV}/\textrm{c}^{2}}$$ GeV / c 2 ( $${\textrm{N}^{*}(1710)}$$ N ∗ ( 1710 ) ) and 1.900 $${\textrm{GeV}/\textrm{c}^{2}}$$ GeV / c 2 ( $${\textrm{N}^{*}(1900)}$$ N ∗ ( 1900 ) or $${\Delta ^{*}(1900)}$$ Δ ∗ ( 1900 ) ) are preferred by the fit.
The production of
Σ
0
hyperons in proton proton collisions at a beam kinetic energy of 3.5 GeV impinging on a liquid hydrogen target was investigated using data collected with the HADES setup. The ...total production cross section is found to be
σ
(
p
K
+
Σ
0
)
=
17.7
±
1.7
(
s
t
a
t
)
±
1.6
(
s
y
s
t
)
µb. Differential cross section distributions of the exclusive channel
p
p
→
p
K
+
Σ
0
were analyzed in the center-of-mass, Gottfried–Jackson and helicity reference frames for the first time at the excess energy of 556 MeV. The data support the interplay between pion and kaon exchange mechanisms and clearly demonstrate the contribution of interfering nucleon resonances decaying to
K
+
Σ
0
. The Bonn–Gatchina partial wave analysis was employed to analyse the data. Due to the limited statistics, it was not possible to obtain an unambiguous determination of the relative contribution of intermediate nucleon resonances to the final state. However nucleon resonances with masses around 1.710
GeV
/
c
2
(
N
∗
(
1710
)
) and 1.900
GeV
/
c
2
(
N
∗
(
1900
)
or
Δ
∗
(
1900
)
) are preferred by the fit.
Abstract
High-precision measurements of flow coefficients
$$v_{n}$$
v
n
(
$$n = 1 - 4$$
n
=
1
-
4
) for protons, deuterons and tritons relative to the first-order spectator plane have been performed ...in Au+Au collisions at
$$\sqrt{s_{_{{\text {NN}}}= 2.4$$
s
NN
=
2.4
GeV with the High-Acceptance Di-Electron Spectrometer (HADES) at the SIS18/GSI. Flow coefficients are studied as a function of transverse momentum
$$p_{{\text {t}}}$$
p
t
and rapidity
$$y_{{\text {cm}}}$$
y
cm
over a large region of phase-space and for several classes of collision centrality. A clear mass hierarchy, as expected by relativistic hydrodynamics, is found for the slope of
$$v_{1}$$
v
1
,
$$d v_{1}/d y^{\prime }|_{y^{\prime } = 0}$$
d
v
1
/
d
y
′
|
y
′
=
0
where
$$y^{\prime }$$
y
′
is the scaled rapidity, and for
$$v_{2}$$
v
2
at mid-rapidity. Scaling with the number of nucleons is observed for the
$$p_{{\text {t}}}$$
p
t
dependence of
$$v_{2}$$
v
2
and
$$v_{4}$$
v
4
at mid-rapidity, which is indicative for nuclear coalescence as the main process responsible for light nuclei formation.
$$v_{2}$$
v
2
is found to scale with the initial eccentricity
$$\langle \epsilon _{2} \rangle $$
⟨
ϵ
2
⟩
, while
$$v_{4}$$
v
4
scales with
$$\langle \epsilon _{2} \rangle ^{2}$$
⟨
ϵ
2
⟩
2
and
$$\langle \epsilon _{4} \rangle $$
⟨
ϵ
4
⟩
. The multi-differential high-precision data on
$$v_{1}$$
v
1
,
$$v_{2}$$
v
2
,
$$v_{3}$$
v
3
, and
$$v_{4}$$
v
4
provides important constraints on the equation-of-state of compressed baryonic matter.
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