We have optimized a Raman microscope to obtain a single cell Raman spectrum (SCRS) with 0.1 s acquisition time. SCRS with such short acquisition time has sufficient discriminatory ability and ...spectral reproducibility to differentiate cells incorporated with 13C and 15N and to classify five different types of bacteria isolated from the oral cavity. We also developed Raman activated cell ejection (RACE) that is assisted by laser induced forward transfer (LIFT). We have shown, for the first time, that the single cells of interest can be identified and then accurately isolated from complex microbial communities based on their SCRS. This approach can be used to sort single cells of target traits from complex samples (e.g., biofilms, soils, sludge, tissues).
Clinical examination of the ocular surface is commonly carried out after application of sodium fluorescein in both veterinary and medical practice by assessing the resulting 'staining'. Although ...localized intensely stained regions of the cornea frequently occur after exposure to 'adverse' clinical stimuli, the cell biology underlying this staining is unknown, including whether intense fluorescein staining indicates the presence of damaged cells. Ocular exposure to certain contact lens multipurpose solutions (MPS) gives rise to intense fluorescein staining referred to as solution induced corneal staining (SICS), and we have made use of this phenomenon with Vero and L929 cell culture models to investigate the fundamental biology of fluorescein interactions with cells. We found that all cells take up fluorescein, however a sub-population internalize much higher levels, giving rise to brightly staining 'hyperfluorescent' cells within the treated cultures, which contain fluorescein throughout the cell cytoplasm and nucleus. The numbers of these hyperfluorescent cells are significantly increased after exposure to MPS associated with SICS. Surprisingly, hyperfluorescent cells did not show higher levels of staining with propidium iodide, a marker of lysed cells. Consistently, treatment with the cytolytic toxin benzalkonium chloride resulted in almost all cells staining with propidium iodide, and the complete abolition of fluorescein hyperfluorescence. Finally we found that internalization of fluorescein and its loss from treated cells both require cellular activity, as both processes were halted after incubation at 4 °C. We conclude that fluorescein hyperfluorescence can be replicated in three diverse cell cultures, and is increased by MPS-treatment, as occurs clinically. The process involves the concentration of fluorescein by a sub-population of cells that are active, and does not occur in lysed cells. Our data suggest that corneal staining in the clinic reflects active living cells, and is not directly caused by dead cells being produced in response to adverse clinical stimuli.
Abstract Hand hygiene is critical in preventing health-care-acquired infections and is an element in patient satisfaction surveys. Programme managers identified discrepancies between compliance ...documented by hospital observers and parent satisfaction surveys. In 2021, programme managers set out to close the gap. The hand hygiene survey question was too specific. This question was changed to include all staff and methods of performing hand hygiene. Associate education was performed. Within 4 months, the gap between patient survey and observer-reported compliance was approximately 12%. This 12% discrepancy remained steady through 2022. The hand hygiene family engagement educational campaign was minimally successful.
Convergence in Ergodic Theory and Probability Vitaly Bergelson, Peter March, Joseph Rosenblatt / Vitaly Bergelson, Peter March, Joseph Rosenblatt
2011, 1996, 1996-01-01, Letnik:
5
eBook
Thisseries is devoted to the publication of monographs, lecture resp. seminar notes, and other materials arising from programs of the OSU Mathemaical Research Institute. This includes proceedings of ...conferences or workshops held at the Institute, and other mathematical writings.
Background
The impact of malnutrition on pediatric patients in the acute care setting is significant. Hospitalized patients with malnutrition have been shown to have poor clinical outcomes. Nutrition ...screening is the first critical step in identifying and treating malnutrition. Although several pediatric nutrition screening tools exist, none incorporate both electronic health record (EHR) compatibility and the recommended indicators of pediatric malnutrition, a gap recently identified in a systematic review by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. The aim of this study was to prove the validity of a new version of Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Pediatrics (STAMP), EHR‐STAMP, modified for incorporation into the EHR and inclusion of updated pediatric malnutrition indicators.
Methods
An interprofessional team modified the existing STAMP for integration into the EHR. Audits were performed by the research dietitian to assess accuracy and provide feedback for continuous improvement of the tool design.
Results
A total of 3553 pediatric inpatients were studied from August 2017 to May 2019. Accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity improved with each modification to the EHR‐STAMP. The final version of the EHR‐STAMP found 85% accuracy, 89% sensitivity, and 97% specificity, with a positive predictive value of 60% and a negative predictive value of 94%.
Conclusion
The EHR‐STAMP is a highly reliable tool in the screening of nutrition risk for pediatric hospitalized patients. The tool is easy to use, EHR compatible, and incorporates the current indicators recommended for assessing pediatric malnutrition.
The freely rotating chain is one of the classic discrete models of a polymer in dilute solution. It consists of a broken line of
N
straight segments of fixed length such that the angle between ...adjacent segments is constant and the
N
-
1
torsional angles are independent, identically distributed, uniform random variables. We provide a rigorous proof of a folklore result in the chemical physics literature stating that under an appropriate scaling, as
N
→
∞
, the freely rotating chain converges to a random curve defined by the property that its derivative with respect to arclength is a Brownian motion on the unit sphere. This is the Kratky-Porod model of semi-flexible polymers. We also investigate limits of the model when a stiffness parameter, called the persistence length, tends to zero or infinity. The main idea is to introduce orthogonal frames adapted to the polymer and to express conformational changes in the polymer in terms of stochastic equations for the rotation of these frames.
Peter Hall's seminal Cities of Tomorrow remains an unrivalled account of the history of planning in theory and practice, as well as of the social and economic problems and opportunities that gave ...rise to it. Now comprehensively revised, the fourth edition offers a perceptive, critical, and global history of urban planning and design throughout the twentieth-century and beyond. * A revised and updated edition of this classic text from one of the mostnotable figures in the field of urban planning and design * Offers an incisive, insightful, and unrivalled critical history of planning in theory and practice, as well as of the underlying socio-economic challenges and opportunities * Comprehensively revised to take account of abundant new research published over the last decade * Reviews the development of the modern planning movement over the entire span of the twentieth-century and beyond * Draws on global examples throughout, and weaves the author's own fascinating experiences into the text to illustrate this authoritative story of urban growth
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