Non-
yeasts are prevalent at the onset of grape must fermentations and can have a significant influence on the final wine product. In contrast to
, the biosynthetic pathways leading to aroma compound ...formation in these non-conventional yeasts, in particular those that are derived from amino acid metabolism, remains largely unexplored. Within a synthetic must environment, we investigated the amino acid utilization of four species (
,
,
,
) and
. We report on the differential uptake preferences for amino acids with
displaying the most rapid uptake of most amino acids. To investigate the fate of amino acids and their direct contribution to aroma synthesis in
,
and
, musts were supplemented with single amino acids. Aroma profiling undertaken after three days showed the synthesis of specific aroma compounds by the respective yeast was dependent on the specific amino acid supplementation.
showed similarities to
in both amino acid uptake and the synthesis of aroma compounds depending on the nitrogen sources. This study shows how the uptake of specific amino acids contributes to the synthesis of aroma compounds in wine fermentations using different non-
yeasts.
Distalni tibiofibularni zglob odgovoran je za širinu i stabilnost takozvane zglobne viljuške gležnja koju sačinjavaju distalna tibija i distalna fibula. Prema nekim autorima tijekom uganuća gležnja u ...95 % slučajeva dolazi i do ozljede ligamenta distalnog tibiofibularnog zgloba. Upravo je prepoznavanje ovih ozljeda od velike važnosti, jer se pacijenti s tim ozljedama liječe dvostruko dulje od pacijenata s ozljedama ligamentarnih struktura lateralne strane gležnja, a do povratka sportskim aktivnostima protekne i do 6 mjeseci. Standardni klinički testovi i klasične rendgenske snimke nisu često dostatni za postavljanje dijagnoze, pa je pri sumnji na ozljede sindezmoze potrebno učiniti i magnetsku rezonanciju. Način liječenja akutnih izoliranih ozljeda sindezmoze ovisi o stupnju nestabilnosti gležnja. Danas još uvijek postoje nedoumice i nesuglasja u postavljanju dijagnoze i liječenja takvih ozljeda. U ovom radu pokušali smo na sistematičan način prikazati anatomske karakteristike distalnog tibiofibularnog zgloba, ali i najnovije stavove u dijagnostici i liječenju ozljede sindezmoze.
Distal tibiofibular joint is responsible for the distal crucial anatomic structure responsible for the ankle joint stability. According to some authors syndesmosis injury occurs in 95% of the lateral ankle sprain during sport activity. Syndesmotic injuries often require twice as long to return to sport as compared to isolated lateral ligament sprains and can lead to prolonged pain and disability. Clinical tests and plain radiography have limited diagnostic capacity and often MRI imaging is necessary. The treatment of the acute isolated syndesmotic injury depends on the ankle stability. Today still, there is some doubt and disagreement regarding diagnostic criteria, classification, and treatment of syndesmotic injury.
Fist fractures at child's age Karlo, Robert; Zupancić, Bozidar; Skarica, Rade ...
Collegium antropologicum
31, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The aim of this work is to confirm or deny the hypothesis that the fist fracture medical treatment at child's age in the General Hospital in Zadar does not differ much from the medical treatment ...method in other centers which have already published their results. The work is based on the retrospective study. The examinees are children with fist fractures in the General Hospital in Zadar from 1999 to 2003. The control group is formed by the examinees of the published studies about children fist fractures, which have been collected and statistically elaborated. The examinees of our group and the control group are classified by the same criterion: age, sex, place, sort and type of fracture as well as the method of medical treatment. The used statistical methods are the testing of frequency differences and chi2 test. Statistically essential differences between our group and the control group have been noticed. There are also differences among the control group subgroups. The difference in the method of medical treatment is statistically essential and shows that the methods are not the same as in our group and the control group. The surgical way of treatment is less represented by our results than in those of the control group. The different attitude in medical treatment is conditioned by the attitude that surgical intervention of finger bones does not always give us the expected functional result.
Ovo je retrospektivni prikaz kirurškog lijecenja pacijenata koji boluju od primarnog karcinoma pluca, cija bolest ispunjava kriterije indikacije za kirurško lijecenje. Kriteriji za kirurško lijecenje ...odnose se na stadij bolesti (TNM klasifikacija), te na fiziološke parametre pacijenta (komorbiditet, spirometrijeske vrijednosti). Prikazali smo 146 pacijenata, od toga 118 muškaraca i 28 žena prosjecne životne dobi 53,5 godina (23-84). Pacijente smo podijelili prema stadiju bolesti i prema vrsti operacijskog zahvata kojem su bili odvrgnuti.Rezultati kirurškog lijecenja primarnog karcinoma pluca u našoj ustanovi ne odstupaju od istih navedenih u recentnoj svjetskoj literaturi. Osim toga , naši rezultati pokazuju veliki broj pacijenata s
uznapredovalom bolešcu kod kojih osim operacijskog lijecenja treba primijeniti i adjuvantnu kemo i radioterapiju.
Fist Fractures at Child’s Age Župančić, Božidar; Karlo, Robert; Škarica, Rade ...
Collegium antropologicum,
12/2007, Letnik:
31, Številka:
4
Paper
Odprti dostop
The aim of this work is to confirm or deny the hypothesis that the fist fracture medical treatment at child’s age in the
General Hospital in Zadar does not differ much from the medical treatment ...method in other centers which have already
published their results. The work is based on the retrospective study. The examinees are children with fist fractures in the
General Hospital in Zadar from 1999 to 2003. The control group is formed by the examinees of the published studies
about children fist fractures, which have been collected and statistically elaborated. The examinees of our group and the
control group are classified by the same criterion: age, sex, place, sort and type of fracture as well as the method of medical
treatment. The used statistical methods are the testing of frequency differences and c
2 test. Statistically essential differences
between our group and the control group have been noticed. There are also differences among the control group
subgroups. The difference in the method of medical treatment is statistically essential and shows that the methods are
not the same as in our group and the control group. The surgical way of treatment is less represented by our results than
in those of the control group. The different attitude in medical treatment is conditioned by the attitude that surgical intervention
of finger bones does not always give us the expected functional result.
Lithium is the smallest monovalent cation with many different biological effects. Although lithium is present in the pharmacotherapy of psychiatric illnesses for decades, its precise mechanism of ...action is still not clarified. Today lithium represents first-line therapy for bipolar disorders (because it possesses both antimanic and antidepressant properties) and the adjunctive treatment for major depression (due to its antisuicidal effects). Beside, lithium showed some protective effects in neurological diseases including acute neural injury, chronic degenerative conditions, Alzheimer's disease as well as in treating leucopenia, hepatitis and some renal diseases. Recent evidence suggested that lithium also possesses some anticancer properties due to its inhibition of Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) which is included in the regulation of a lot of important cellular processes such as: glycogen metabolism, inflammation, immunomodulation, apoptosis, tissue injury, regeneration etc. Although recent evidence suggested a potential utility of lithium in different conditions, its broader use in clinical practice still trails. The reason for this is a narrow therapeutic index of lithium, numerous toxic effects in various organ systems and some clinically relevant interactions with other drugs. Additionally, it is necessary to perform more preclinical as well as clinical studies in order to a precise therapeutic range of lithium, as well as its detailed mechanism of action. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge concerning the pharmacological and toxicological effects of lithium.
The wider application of gentamicin is limited by potential adverse effects (nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity). The goal of our study was to investigate the effects of chloroquine on biochemical and ...oxidative stress parameters in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Animals were randomly divided into 1 of 5 groups. First was Sham group (0.9% NaCl) (n = 8); second group received gentamicin (n = 8); while third (n = 8), fourth (n = 8) and fifth group (n = 8) received gentamicin and chloroquine in a dose of 0.3, 1 and 3 mg/kg, respectively. The urea and creatinine levels were significantly lower in chloroquine treated groups in doses of 0.3 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg (P < 0.001). Total oxidant status and the oxidative stress index showed significantly lower values in all chloroquine treated groups (P < 0.001; P < 0.005). Malondialdehyde was lower in chloroquine treatment in doses of 0.3 mg/kg (P < 0.005) and 3 mg/kg (P < 0.05). Chloroquine treatment markedly reduced the level of superoxide dismutase in doses of 1 mg/kg (P < 0.01) and 3 mg/kg (P < 0.05). Our study showed that chloroquine attenuates gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats regarding biochemical and oxidative stress parameters.
Modern Approach to Dyspepsia Medić, Barbara
Acta clinica Croatica (Tisak),
12/2021, Letnik:
60, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Dyspepsia is a disorder characterized by dyspeptic symptoms which are located in the epigastrium and related to digestion of food in the initial part of the digestive system. In functional dyspepsia, ...unlike organic dyspepsia, there is no underlying organic disease that would cause dyspeptic symptoms. Immune and mucosal function changes, gastric dysmotility, different composition of the gastrointestinal microbiota, and altered central nervous system processing are considered responsible for the onset of the disorder. The diagnosis is based on history, clinical presentation, and exclusion of other organic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract manifested by dyspeptic symptoms. Therapy includes eradication of
Helicobacter pylori
infection, proton pump inhibitors, prokinetics, neuromodulators, and herbal preparations. Unfortunately, in some patients, this therapy leads to little or no improvement. The prevalence of functional dyspepsia is increasing. It has become one of the more common gastroenterological diagnoses. In order to reduce the costs associated with the diagnosis and treatment of the disorder itself, its mechanisms need to be fully elucidated and thus enable finding appropriate therapy for all patient subgroups.
This paper studied the influence of four reaction parameters–temperature (40–80 °C), time (1–3 h), mass % of catalyst (1–3 wt%) and molar ratio of 1-propanol to sunflower oil (6:1–10:1)–on the ...conversion of biodiesel. To achieve a conversion of 95% or above, the transesterification was optimized to reduce the time, temperature, molar ratio of 1-propanol to sunflower oil and mass % of catalyst. The optimal conditions were a temperature of 40 °C, time of 1 h, 1-propanol to oil molar ratio at 8.71:1 and mass % of catalyst of 1.96%. The fatty acid propyl esters (FAPRE) were purified and blended with 1-propanol and mineral diesel to determine the application properties as transportation fuels. The addition of FAPRE to diesel increases the density and viscosity and improves the lubricity with no effect on CFPP even with 10 vol% of FAPRE. On the contrary, the addition of 1-propanol in the FAPRE-diesel blends had an opposite effect (decrease in density, viscosity and lubricity). Nevertheless, all the blends satisfied the requirements according to EN 590 for the tested properties.
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