Abstract
Exploring photocatalysts to promote CO
2
photoreduction into solar fuels is of great significance. We develop TiO
2
/perovskite (CsPbBr
3
) S-scheme heterojunctions synthesized by a facile ...electrostatic-driven self-assembling approach. Density functional theory calculation combined with experimental studies proves the electron transfer from CsPbBr
3
quantum dots (QDs) to TiO
2
, resulting in the construction of internal electric field (IEF) directing from CsPbBr
3
to TiO
2
upon hybridization. The IEF drives the photoexcited electrons in TiO
2
to CsPbBr
3
upon light irradiation as revealed by in-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, suggesting the formation of an S-scheme heterojunction in the TiO
2
/CsPbBr
3
nanohybrids which greatly promotes the separation of electron-hole pairs to foster efficient CO
2
photoreduction. The hybrid nanofibers unveil a higher CO
2
-reduction rate (9.02 μmol g
–1
h
–1
) comparing with pristine TiO
2
nanofibers (4.68 μmol g
–1
h
–1
). Isotope (
13
CO
2
) tracer results confirm that the reduction products originate from CO
2
source.
Concerns over air quality reduction resulting from burning fossil fuels have driven the development of clean and renewable energy sources. Supercapacitors, batteries and solar cells serve as ...eco-friendly energy storage and conversion systems vitally important for the sustainable development of human society. However, many diverse elements influence the performance of energy storage and conversion systems. The overall efficiency of systems depends on the specific structure and properties of incorporated functional materials. Carbon materials, such as graphene, are especially promising for materials development in the energy storage and conversion fields. Graphene, a two-dimensional (2D) carbon material only a single atom thick, has massless Dirac fermions (electron transport is governed by Dirac's equation), displays outstanding electrical conductivity, superior thermal conductivity and excellent mechanical properties. 2D free-standing graphene films and powders have paved the way for promising energy applications. Recently, much effort has been spent trying to improve the number of active sites in electrode materials within 3D network/aerogel structures derived from graphene. This is because graphene aerogels are promising materials for energy systems due to their porous hierarchical structure which affords rapid electron/ion transport, superior chemical and physical stability, and good cycle performance. This review aims to summarize the synthetic methods, mechanistic aspects, and energy storage and conversion applications of novel 3D network graphene, graphene derivatives and graphene-based materials. Areas of application include supercapacitors, Li-batteries, H
2
and thermal energy storage, fuel cells and solar cells.
Concerns over air quality reduction and energy crisis resulting from rapid consumption of limited fossil fuels have driven the development of clean and renewable energy sources.
We report a novel and highly stereoselective electro‐2‐deoxyglycosylation from glycals. This method features excellent stereoselectivity, scope, and functional‐group tolerance. This process can also ...be applied to the modification of a wide range of natural products and drugs. Furthermore, a scalable synthesis of glycosylated podophyllotoxin and a one‐pot trisaccharide synthesis through iterative electroglycosylations were achieved.
Sweet dreams are made of this: A highly stereoselective electro‐2‐deoxyglycosylation from glycals was developed. This method features excellent stereoselectivity, scope, and functional‐group tolerance, and can also be applied to the modification of a wide range of natural products and drugs. Furthermore, a scalable synthesis of glycosylated podophyllotoxin and a one‐pot trisaccharide synthesis through iterative electroglycosylations were achieved.
The circular RNA ciRS-7 has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of various tumors, including gastric and colorectal cancer. However, the role of ciRS-7 in esophageal squamous cell ...carcinoma (ESCC) remains unsolved. In this study, we found that the ciRS-7 expression was significantly upregulated in ESCC cancer tissues compared with matched normal tissues and associated with poor patient survival. Overexpression of ciRS-7 abrogated the tumor-suppressive roles of miR-7 including cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro as well as tumor growth and lung metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, ciRS-7 functioned as the sponge of miR-7 and reactivated its downstream HOXB13-mediated NF-κB/p65 pathway. Conclusively, our findings demonstrate how ciRS-7 induces malignant progression of ESCC and that ciRS-7 may act as a novel prognostic marker and therapeutic target for this lethal disease.
Background China's high-quality medical resources are concentrated in the urban areas of large cities, and patients tend to go to large hospitals, resulting in irrational access to medical care. For ...this reason, in recent years, the government has increased its financial expenditure to strengthen the construction of primary healthcare institutions, with the aim of promoting rational access to medical care by patients, and realizing hierarchical diagnosis and treatment. Objective To analyze the influence of suburban government health expenditure on suburban patients' choice of medical care, and provide a reference basis for promoting the reform of hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system. Methods On February 10, 2022, the number of outpatient visits (outpatient and emergency visits) and inpatient admissions to Beijing municipal hospitals, suburban hospitals, and suburban primary healthcare institutions in 10 suburbs of Beijing from 2015 to 2017 were collected as the explained variables. Per capita governmen
Nuclear localization of PTEN is essential for its tumor suppressive role, and loss of nuclear PTEN is more prominent than cytoplasmic PTEN in many kinds of cancers. However, nuclear PTEN-specific ...regulatory mechanisms were rarely reported. Based on the finding that nuclear PTEN is more unstable than cytoplasmic PTEN, here we identify that F-box only protein 22 (FBXO22) induces ubiquitylation of nuclear but not cytoplasmic PTEN at lysine 221, which is responsible for the degradation of nuclear PTEN. FBXO22 plays a tumor-promoting role by ubiquitylating and degrading nuclear PTEN. In accordance, FBXO22 is overexpressed in various cancer types, and contributes to nuclear PTEN downregulation in colorectal cancer tissues. Cumulatively, our study reports the mechanism to specifically regulate the stability of nuclear PTEN, which would provide the opportunity for developing therapeutic strategies aiming to achieve complete reactivation of PTEN as a tumor suppressor.
The photoinitiated intramolecular hydroetherification of alkenols has been used to form C−O bonds, but the intermolecular hydroetherification of alkenes with alcohols remains an unsolved challenge. ...We herein report the visible‐light‐promoted 2‐deoxyglycosylation of alcohols with glycals. The glycosylation reaction was completed within 2 min in a high quantum yield (ϕ=28.6). This method was suitable for a wide array of substrates and displayed good reaction yields and excellent stereoselectivity. The value of this protocol was further demonstrated by the iterative synthesis of 2‐deoxyglycans with α‐2‐deoxyglycosidic linkages up to a 20‐mer in length and digoxin with β‐2‐deoxyglycosidic linkages. Mechanistic studies indicated that this reaction involved a glycosyl radical cation intermediate and a photoinitiated chain process.
A fast photoglycosylation is reported that proceeds through a bromide‐based hydrogen species and electron transfer process. The value of this protocol was well demonstrated by the iterative synthesis of oligosaccharides on a gram scale as well as digoxin and a 20‐mer deoxyglycan in good yields and with excellent stereoselectivity.
Dysregulation of pre-mRNA alternative splicing (AS) is closely associated with cancers. However, the relationships between the AS and classic oncogenes/tumor suppressors are largely unknown. Here we ...show that the deletion of tumor suppressor PTEN alters pre-mRNA splicing in a phosphatase-independent manner, and identify 262 PTEN-regulated AS events in 293T cells by RNA sequencing, which are associated with significant worse outcome of cancer patients. Based on these findings, we report that nuclear PTEN interacts with the splicing machinery, spliceosome, to regulate its assembly and pre-mRNA splicing. We also identify a new exon 2b in GOLGA2 transcript and the exon exclusion contributes to PTEN knockdown-induced tumorigenesis by promoting dramatic Golgi extension and secretion, and PTEN depletion significantly sensitizes cancer cells to secretion inhibitors brefeldin A and golgicide A. Our results suggest that Golgi secretion inhibitors alone or in combination with PI3K/Akt kinase inhibitors may be therapeutically useful for PTEN-deficient cancers.
Necroptosis is a type of programmed necrosis regulated by receptor interacting protein kinase 1 （RIP1） and RIP3. Necroptosis is found to be accompanied by an overproduction of reactive oxygen species ...（ROS）, but the role of ROS in regulation of necroptosis remains elusive. In this study, we investigated how shikonin, a necroptosis inducer for cancer cells, regulated the signaling leading to necroptosis in glinoma cells in vitro. Treatment with shikonin （2-10 pmol/L） dose-dependently triggered necrosis and induced overproduction of intracellular ROS in rat C6 and human SHG-44, U87 and U251 glioma cell lines. Moreover, shikonin treatment dose- dependently upregulated the levels of RIP1 and RIP3 and reinforced their interaction in the glioma cells. Pretreatment with the specific RIP1 inhibitor Nec-1 （100 pmol/L） or the specific RIP3 inhibitor GSK-872 （5 pmol/L） not only prevented shikonin-induced glioma cell necrosis but also significantly mitigated the levels of intraceliular ROS and mitochondrial superoxide. Mitigation of ROS with MnTBAP （40 pmol/L）, which was a cleaner of mitochondrial superoxide, attenuated shikonin-induced glioma cell necrosis, whereas increasing ROS levels with rotenone, which improved the mitochondrial generation of superoxide, significantly augmented shikonin-caused glioma cell necrosis. Furthermore, pretreatment with MnTBAP prevented the shikonin-induced upregulation of RIP1 and RIP3 expression and their interaction while pretreatment with rotenone reinforced these effects. These findings suggest that ROS is not only an executioner of shikonin-induced glioma cell necrosis but also a regulator of RIP1 and RIP3 expression and necrosome assembly.
In this paper, we proposed a novel reversible data hiding method in encrypted image (RDHEI), which is based on the compression of pixel differences. In the proposed method, at the content owner’ side ...the image is divided into non-overlapping blocks, and a block-level image encryption scheme is used to generate the encrypted image, which partially retains spatial correlation in the blocks. Due to the spatial correlation, in each block the pixels are highly likely to be similar. Therefore, the pixel differences in all blocks are concentrated in a small range and can be compressed. By the compression of pixel differences, the data hider can vacate the room to accommodate secret data in the encrypted image without losing information. At the receiver’s side, the receiver can obtain secret data or retrieve the original image using different keys with no error. The experimental results demonstrate that, compared with existing methods, the proposed method can achieve a higher capacity and visual quality.
PDF
