Recent observations have shown that lengthening the daily eating period may contribute to the onset of chronic diseases. Time-restricted eating (TRE) is a diet that especially limits this daily food ...window. It could represent a dietary approach that is likely to improve health markers. The aim of this study was to review how time-restricted eating affects human health.
Five general databases and six nutrition journals were screened to identify all studies published between January 2014 and September 2020 evaluating the effects of TRE on human populations.
Among 494 articles collected, 23 were finally included for analysis. The overall adherence rate to TRE was 80%, with a 20% unintentional reduction in caloric intake. TRE induced an average weight loss of 3% and a loss of fat mass. This fat loss was also observed without any caloric restriction. Interestingly, TRE produced beneficial metabolic effects independently of weight loss, suggesting an intrinsic effect based on the realignment of feeding and the circadian clock.
TRE is a simple and well-tolerated diet that generates many beneficial health effects based on chrononutrition principles. More rigorous studies are needed, however, to confirm those effects, to understand their mechanisms and to assess their applicability to human health.
Cervical cancer screening rates are known to be strongly associated with socioeconomic status. Our objective was to assess whether the rate is also associated with an aggregated deprivation marker, ...defined by the location of family doctors' offices.
To access this association, we 1) collected data from the claim database of the French Health Insurance Fund about the registered family doctors and their enlisted female patients eligible for cervical screening; 2) carried out a telephone survey with all registered doctors to establish if they were carrying out Pap-smears in their practices; 3) geotracked all the doctors' offices in the smallest existing blocks of socioeconomic homogenous populations (IRIS census units) that were assigned a census derived marker of deprivation, the European Deprivation Index (EDI), and a binary variable of urbanization; and 4) we used a multivariable linear mixed model with IRIS as a random effect.
Of 348 eligible doctors, 343 responded to the telephone survey (98.6%) and were included in the analysis, encompassing 88,152 female enlisted patients aged 25-65 years old. In the multivariable analysis (adjusted by the gender of the family doctor, the practice of Pap-smears by the doctor and the urbanization of the office location), the EDI of the doctor's office was strongly associated with the cervical cancer screening participation rate of eligible patients (p<0.001).
The EDI linked to the location of the family doctor's office seems to be a robust marker to predict female patients' participation in cervical cancer screening.
A major factor in the success of any search engine is the relevance of the search results; a tool should sort the search results to present the most relevant documents first. Assessing the ...performance of the ranking formula is an important part of search engine evaluation. However, the methods currently used to evaluate ranking formulae mainly collect quantitative data and do not gather qualitative data, which help to understand what needs to be improved to tailor the formulae to their end users.
This study aims to evaluate 2 different parameter settings of the ranking formula of LiSSa (the French acronym for scientific literature in health care; Department of Medical Informatics and Information), a tool that provides access to health scientific literature in French, to adapt the formula to the needs of the end users.
To collect quantitative and qualitative data, user tests were carried out with representative end users of LiSSa: 10 general practitioners and 10 registrars. Participants first assessed the relevance of the search results and then rated the ranking criteria used in the 2 formulae. Verbalizations were analyzed to characterize each criterion.
A formula that prioritized articles representing a consensus in the field was preferred. When users assess an article's relevance, they judge its topic, methods, and value in clinical practice.
Following the evaluation, several improvements were implemented to give more weight to articles that match the search topic and to downgrade articles that have less informative or scientific value for the reader. Applying a qualitative methodology generates valuable user inputs to improve the ranking formula and move toward a highly usable search engine.
Substance use disorders (SUDs) are based on pathophysiological mechanisms common to all psychoactive substances. However, general practitioners (GPs) hold different views depending on the substance ...in question.
To determine whether the perceptions that teaching GPs and final-year residents in general practice have of patients with a SUD vary according to the substance involved and explore their professional responsibility and management experiences.
A cross-sectional observational study was carried out by asking residents and teaching GPs from eight faculties of medicine about their perceptions, professional responsibility and management experience of patients with tobacco, alcohol and opioid use disorders, using an online questionnaire between June and September 2017.
The responses of 238 teaching GPs (mean age 50 years SD 3.5; 58% men) and 327 residents (mean age 28 years SD 9.9; 67% women) were analysed (response rates: 9 and 15% respectively). Tobacco smokers were considered to be more responsible for their acts than the other users. Teaching GPs and residents considered that it was their responsibility to discuss substance use. They did not feel able to manage alcohol and opioid use disorders. Tobacco cessation was mainly managed alone (78%). The results were quite similar among teaching GPs and residents.
The majority of practitioners had no difficulty managing smoking cessation. During the management of alcohol and particularly opioid use disorders, practitioners did not feel competent. The gap between their perceived responsibility and competencies should be addressed by training and promoting collaborative care.
Reliable data about general practitioners performing pap-tests are insufficient. A claim code for the achievement of pap-smears exists in France, but its use by general practitioners is not known. ...The main purpose of this study was to highlight independent factors associated with the achievement of pap-smears by the general practitioner (GP). We carried out a descriptive and analytic epidemiologic study in 347 GPs and their 244,889 patients, registered at the Health Care Insurance Fund of Flanders. The European Deprivation Index (EDI) in the area of GP's surgeries was specified. All GPs were questioned by telephone about their performance of pap-tests. The claim database of the insurance fund was analyzed to describe characteristics of GPs.
The answer rate among questioned GPs was 98.8%. Pap-smears were performed in their surgeries by 182 GPs (53.1%). Among males, 45.7% performed pap-smears versus 78.4% of the female (adjusted odds-ratio = 4.5, p < 0.001). The mean rate of screened women in the target population was 44% when GPs were performing smears versus 42% when they were not (adjusted odds-ratio = 1.04, p = 0.03). Only 19.5% of GPs used the claim code. The number of patients, and the EDI were not associated with pap-smears. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02749110 (April 22, 2016).
Digital data and disease management Messaadi, Nassir
Santé publique (Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France),
2016 Jan-Feb, 20160101, Letnik:
28, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The search and exchange of digital data via Networks or Internet, especially the web, have become more widely available over recent years. Patients can now find information about their problems.
...Determine the impact of this information in terms of seeking care.
Questionnaires were given to adults consulting their doctor.
Health Information on the Internet was searched by 69% of patients which prompted 57% of them to consult. Some of them asked for medical imaging, blood tests or another medical advice. Self-medication was reported by 12% of patients, 15% requested a drug from the pharmacist or doctor, and 11% stopped using or requested a change of the drug.
Access to digital data by patients impacts their access to care at various stages. Knowledge leads to changes in behaviour that resulted in modification of access to care … The use of the Internet and the digital data are by patients is a source of learning about the disease itself and also about its management in their interactions with caregivers.
These skills could be used by caregivers to empower the patient’s autonomy.
Digital data and disease management Messaadi, Nassir
Santé publique (Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France),
01/2016, Letnik:
28, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Les recherches et les echanges d'informations numeriques, via l'interconnexion network ou Internet et plus specifiquement le web, se sont democratises ces dernieres annees. Les personnes malades ...peuvent y trouver des informations relatives a leur problematique. Objectifs : Connaitre l'impact de ce recueil d'information en termes de recours aux soins. Des questionnaires ont ete distribues aux personnes majeures consultant leur medecin. Des informations de sante ont ete recherchees sur internet par 69 % des patients ce qui a incite 57 % d'entre eux a consulter et certains ont demande une imagerie, un autre avis ou une prise de sang. Douze pour cent des patients s'etaient auto-mediques, 15 % ont demande un medicament au pharmacien ou au medecin, 11 % ont arrete ou demande a changer un medicament. L'acces a l'information numerique par les personnes malades impacte leurs recours aux soins a differentes etapes. Les apprentissages amenent des changements de comportements qui sont traduits par des modifications dans l'acces aux soins... L'utilisation d'internet et les informations numeriques sont pour les patients des sources d'apprentissages sur la maladie elle-meme et egalement sur sa gestion dans les interactions avec les soignants. Ces savoir-faire pourraient etre exploites par tout soignant pour favoriser l'autonomie du patient internaute.//The search and exchange of digital data via Networks or Internet, especially the web, have become more widely available over recent years. Patients can now find information about their problems. Objectives: Determine the impact of this information in terms of seeking care. Questionnaires were given to adults consulting their doctor. Health Information on the Internet was searched by 69% of patients which prompted 57% of them to consult. Some of them asked for medical imaging, blood tests or another medical advice. Self-medication was reported by 12% of patients, 15% requested a drug from the pharmacist or doctor, and 11% stopped using or requested a change of the drug. Access to digital data by patients impacts their access to care at various stages. Knowledge leads to changes in behaviour that resulted in modification of access to care... The use of the Internet and the digital data are by patients is a source of learning about the disease itself and also about its management in their interactions with caregivers. These skills could be used by caregivers to empower the patient's autonomy. web URL: http://www.cairn.info/resume.php?ID_ARTICLE=SPUB_161_0077 Reproduced by permission of Bibliothèque de Sciences Po
Introduction : Les recherches et les échanges d’informations numériques, via l’interconnexion network ou Internet et plus spécifiquement le web, se sont démocratisés ces dernières années. Les ...personnes malades peuvent y trouver des informations relatives à leur problématique. Objectifs : Connaître l’impact de ce recueil d’information en termes de recours aux soins. Méthodes : Des questionnaires ont été distribués aux personnes majeures consultant leur médecin. Résultats : Des informations de santé ont été recherchées sur internet par 69 % des patients ce qui a incité 57 % d’entre eux à consulter et certains ont demandé une imagerie, un autre avis ou une prise de sang. Douze pour cent des patients s’étaient auto-médiqués, 15 % ont demandé un médicament au pharmacien ou au médecin, 11 % ont arrêté ou demandé à changer un médicament. Discussion : L’accès à l’information numérique par les personnes malades impacte leurs recours aux soins à différentes étapes. Les apprentissages amènent des changements de comportements qui sont traduits par des modifications dans l’accès aux soins… L’utilisation d’internet et les informations numériques sont pour les patients des sources d’apprentissages sur la maladie elle-même et également sur sa gestion dans les interactions avec les soignants. Conclusion : Ces savoir-faire pourraient être exploités par tout soignant pour favoriser l’autonomie du patient internaute.
•Persons living with Parkinson’s disease share illness experience online with peers.•They are actively looking for alternative therapies and cure for their condition.•Online forums foster useful ...self-directed informal learning among peers.•Healthcare professionals should take into account person’s informal learnings.•Reciprocal informal learnings in health are useful to optimize person-centeredness.
To assess the users' characteristics, discussion contents, and the atmosphere of virtual peer communities.
A qualitative, prospective study was conducted using the Netnography method. The most popular, publicly accessible French discussion forums were investigated. The web users’ quotes were collected from May to October 2018. Data analysis triangulation was performed by two researchers using the NVivo 12® software.
The users discussed their experience with Parkinson’s disease (PD) in a warm atmosphere. 23 discussion threads were analysed: 302 messages posted by 70 users (70% were females; the average illness duration was 6 years); 115 encoded nodes were created. Five user profiles appeared: leader, follower, expert, mixed, and undetermined. Common preoccupations were a lack of time and listening from the physicians’ side. Three themes emerged: managing symptoms, living with PD, and sharing illness experiences. Users sought actively for a cure to limit or stop disease evolution, using alternative and complementary therapies to optimize their daily condition.
Online forums foster person’s informal learnings about coping with PD. Healthcare professionals can use these learnings to optimize person-centred support.
During consultations, healthcare professionals should invite persons to discuss their online activity, informal learnings, beliefs and expectations towards therapeutic strategies.
OBJECTIVESTo explore possible forms of domestic violence suffered by men with Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODSA qualitative study was conducted through face-to face interviews, followed by a ...conceptual content analysis. Forms of violence were predetermined as code categories according to a classification of mistreatment and a lack within Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Data triangulation was performed by two researchers using the "long table" method according to Krueger & Casey. RESULTSEleven men with PD were interviewed to identify experienced forms of domestic violence. Since PD, the men felt neglected by their partners, lived in the fear of the partner's reactions, described a mutual sexual and physical distance, suffered from mockeries, humiliations, physical violence, and had a feeling of abandon while facing and managing PD. CONCLUSIONSDomestic violence against men with PD exists and should be screened during communication with healthcare professionals. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONSDomestic violence has different faces and is not always identified by the victims themselves. Spouses with profiles at risk for domestic violence against men with PD should be identified. Domestic violence can be triggered by female gender, alcoholism, anxiety and depression, a low educational level, low interest in and low knowledge about PD.
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