Background: Neck and jaw pain is common and is associated with jaw functional limitations, postural stability, muscular endurance, and proprioception. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ...jaw and neck pain on cranio-cervico-mandibular functions and postural stability in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJDs).
Methods: Fifty-two patients with TMJDs were included and assessed using Fonseca's Questionnaire and the Helkimo Clinical Dysfunction Index. An isometric strength test was performed for the TMJ depressor and cervical muscles. The TMJ position sense (TMJPS) test and cervical joint position error test (CJPET) were employed for proprioception. Total sway degree was obtained for the assessment of postural stability. Deep neck flexor endurance (DNFE) was assessed using the craniocervical flexion test. The mandibular function impairment questionnaire (MFIQ) was employed to assess mandibular function, and the craniovertebral angle (CVA) was measured for forward head posture.
Results: Jaw and neck pain negatively affected CVA (R 2 = 0.130), TMJPS (R 2 = 0.286), DNFE (R 2 = 0.355), TMJ depressor (R 2 = 0.145), cervical flexor (R 2 = 0.144), and extensor (R 2 = 0.148) muscle strength. Jaw and neck pain also positively affected CJPET for flexion (R 2 = 0.116) and extension (R 2 = 0.146), as well as total sway degree (R 2 = 0.128) and MFIQ (R 2 = 0.230).
Conclusions: Patients with painful TMJDs, could have impaired muscle strength and proprioception of the TMJ and cervical region. The jaw and neck pain could also affect postural stability, and the endurance of deep neck flexors as well as mandibular functions in TMJDs.
Neck and jaw pain is common and is associated with jaw functional limitations, postural stability, muscular endurance, and proprioception. This study aimed to investigate the effect of jaw and neck ...pain on craniocervico- mandibular functions and postural stability in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJDs).
Fifty-two patients with TMJDs were included and assessed using Fonseca's Questionnaire and the Helkimo Clinical Dysfunction Index. An isometric strength test was performed for the TMJ depressor and cervical muscles. The TMJ position sense (TMJPS) test and cervical joint position error test (CJPET) were employed for proprioception. Total sway degree was obtained for the assessment of postural stability. Deep neck flexor endurance (DNFE) was assessed using the craniocervical flexion test. The mandibular function impairment questionnaire (MFIQ) was employed to assess mandibular function, and the craniovertebral angle (CVA) was measured for forward head posture.
Jaw and neck pain negatively affected CVA (R
= 0.130), TMJPS (R
= 0.286), DNFE (R
= 0.355), TMJ depressor (R
= 0.145), cervical flexor (R
= 0.144), and extensor (R
= 0.148) muscle strength. Jaw and neck pain also positively affected CJPET for flexion (R
= 0.116) and extension (R
= 0.146), as well as total sway degree (R
= 0.128) and MFIQ (R
= 0.230).
Patients with painful TMJDs, could have impaired muscle strength and proprioception of the TMJ and cervical region. The jaw and neck pain could also affect postural stability, and the endurance of deep neck flexors as well as mandibular functions in TMJDs.
BackgroundBalance and jumping mechanisms are important to prevent injuries in sports such as handball, which require immediately change of direction, jumping and landing strategy. Strong proximal ...stability is required for accurate jump performance and stability.ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between gluteus medius strength and static, dynamic balance, horizontal and vertical jump performance.DesignProspective field trial study.SettingElite women handball players in Turkish Handball Super League.Patients (or Participants)Forty-two elite women handball players (Age range:15–40 years, Body Mass Index:22,1±2,2) from Turkish Handball Super League were included in this study.Interventions (or assessment of risk factors)The Lafayette Hand-Held Dynamometer was used to determine the strength of the gluteus medius. Single leg hop (SLH) test was used for horizontal jump and Lafayette Vertimetric device was used for vertical jump (VJ) evaluation. Y Balance Test (YBT) was used for the dynamic balance with direction of anterior, posteriomedial, posteriolateral and Standing Stork Test (SST) with eyes closed for the measurement of static balance.Main outcome measurementsGluteus medius strength with hand dynamometer compared with YBT, SST, VJ and SLH tests.ResultsA statistically significant relationship was found between anterior parameter of YBT and gluteus medius strength (r=0,665 P<0,001). Additionally, a statistically significant relationship was found between gluteus medius strength and VJ (r=0,479 p<0.05). There was no statistically significant relationship between gluteus medius and SST test, posteriomedial and posteriolateral parameters of dynamic balance and SLH test parameters (respectively, r=0,109; r=0,152; r=-0,144; r=-0,182, p>0.05).ConclusionsAccording to this study, a significant relationship was found between the strength of the gluteus medius and anterior parameter of the dynamic balance and VJ. It is recommended to support gluteus medius muscle strength for the quality of vertical jump and dynamic balance, which is necessary for the prevention of injuries.
BackgroundScapular stabilization and muscular strength is important for achieving appropriate scapular movement and preventing shoulder injuries related to sports. Pilates exercises have positive ...effect on the muscle strength, stabilisation of joints and improving physical fitness.ObjectiveThe aim of our study was to investigate the effect of regular pilates exercises on scapular stabilization.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingCyprus International University.Patients (or Participants)70 subjects has included fort his study. 35 subjects who performed regular pilates exercises 2–3 days a week for at least 6 months in rehabilitation and exercises clinic as Group 1 and 35 subjects with sedentary lifestyle as Group2 diveded into two groups.Interventions (or assessment of risk factors)Group 1 performed clinical pilates exercises which included 8 different exercises (shoulder, back, arms, abdominals and legs exercises) for 45–60 min every section. Group 2 had a sedentary life style with less than 1 day exercises or sport in a week.Main outcome measurementsScapular muscle strength of serratus anterior, lower trapezius, middle trapezius, upper trapezius were evaluated with Lafayette Hand-Held Dynamometer for both of groups.ResultsAs a result of the study, there are statistically significant difference between two groups in the serratus anterior muscle (p=0,029), lower trapezius muscle (p<0,001), middle trapezius muscle (p<0,001), upper trapezius muscle (p=0,001) in favour of group 1.ConclusionsPilates exercises have positive effects on scapular muscle strength. It is recommended that clinical pilates exercises should be included in exercise programs to maintain scapular stabilization, and to prevent shoulder injuries.
Background:
Maintaining scapular mechanics is important for upper extremity functionality and posture. Determining the extent to which the scapular stabilizer muscles affect the scapular position may ...guide the creation of an exercise program for people with scapular dyskinesis.
Hypothesis:
The serratus anterior (SA), upper trapezius (UT), middle trapezius (MT), and lower trapezius (LT) muscles play different roles on scapular position when humeral elevation increase.
Study Design:
Cross-sectional study.
Level of Evidence:
Level 4.
Methods:
A total of 70 women aged 40 to 65 years (mean age, 49 ± 7 years) who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Isometric muscle strength of the SA, UT, MT, and LT was evaluated with a handheld dynamometer. For assessment of scapular position, the lateral scapular slide test (LSST) was used. Multiple stepwise regression analysis was used to evaluate scapular parameters.
Results:
There were positive and statistically significant correlations between the isometric muscle strength of the SA, UT, MT, and LT muscles and the values at different humerus positions in the LSST (P < 0.05). The UT and SA muscles greatly affected the changes in the position of the inferior region of the scapula (R2 > 24.5%). The LT (11.3%) in neutral position, MT (25.4%) with arm abducted at 45°, and SA (34.5%) with arm abducted 90° had a major effect on the changes in the mediolateral position of the scapula.
Conclusion:
While the LT muscle affects the mediolateral position of the scapula to a large extent, the strength of the MT and SA muscles becomes effective as the shoulder elevation increases. SA and UT muscle strength have a greater effect on the position of the inferior region of the scapula.
Clinical Relevance:
Dyskinesis can be observed at different levels of the scapula; therefore, it is important to determine at which level the dyskinesis is more prominent for each individual and consequently to form a personalized exercise program to increase function and control dyskinesis.
The purpose of the study was to compare physical characteristics and performance values between different playing positions in professional female team handball. Twenty-nine female handball players ...were categorized as centers (n=6), pivots (n=9), wings (n=8) or goalkeepers (n=16). Measurement of physical characteristics including body height and mass, body mass index; knee muscle strength, scores on the lower limb vertical power (vPower), lower and upper limb performance and trunk extension endurance were determined and compared across playing positions. The goalkeepers had higher knee strength as compared to pivots, wings, and centers (p<.001, ηp2>.20). Pivot players achieved higher vPower than wings, centers, and goalkeepers (p=.011, ηp2=.759). In addition, goalkeepers and wings achieved higher vPower than centers (p<.001, ηp2=.759). No significant differences were observed in trunk extension endurance and upper limb performance results according to playing positions (p>.05, ηp2<.20). The pivots and wings had better lower limb performance than goalkeepers and centers (p<.001, ηp2=.682-.701). The present study concludes that depending on their play positions, there are differences in terms of physical characteristics, knee muscle strength, vertical power, and lower extremity performance in elite female handball players. These results could help improve coaches' knowledge of elite female teams in the particular in the country where the study was conducted and in others of similar characteristics.
The purpose of the study was to compare anthropometric data and physical performance characteristics between different playing positions in professional female team handball. Twenty-nine female ...handball players were categorized as centers (n=6), pivots (n=9), wings (n=8) or goalkeepers (n=16). Measurement of anthropometrics data including body height and mass, body mass index; knee muscle strength, scores on the lower limb vertical power (vPower), lower and upper limb performance and trunk extension endurance were determined and analyzed with respect to playing position. The goalkeepers had higher knee strength in than pivots, wingers, and centers (p<.001). Pivot players achieved higher vPower than wings, centers and goalkeepers (p=.011). In addition, goalkeepers and wings achieved higher vPower than centers (p<.001). No significant differences were observed in trunk extension endurance and upper limb performance results according to play positions. The pivots and wingers had better lower limb performance than goalkeepers and centers (p<.001). The present study concludes that depending on their play positions, there are differences in terms of anthropometric values, knee muscle strength, vertical power and lower extremity performance in elite handball players. Results indicate that knee muscle strength and height should be considered in handball performance, as well as the fat tissue in career performance, especially in females by professionals involved in the development process and selection of talent in young handball players.
The purpose of the study was to compare anthropometric data and physical performance characteristics between different playing positions in professional female team handball. Twenty-nine female ...handball players were categorized as centers (n=6), pivots (n=9), wings (n=8) or goalkeepers (n=16). Measurement of anthropometrics data including body height and mass, body mass index; knee muscle strength, scores on the lower limb vertical power (vPower), lower and upper limb performance and trunk extension endurance were determined and analyzed with respect to playing position. The goalkeepers had higher knee strength in than pivots, wingers, and centers (p<.001). Pivot players achieved higher vPower than wings, centers and goalkeepers (p=.011). In addition, goalkeepers and wings achieved higher vPower than centers (p<.001). No significant differences were observed in trunk extension endurance and upper limb performance results according to play positions. The pivots and wingers had better lower limb performance than goalkeepers and centers (p<.001). The present study concludes that depending on their play positions, there are differences in terms of anthropometric values, knee muscle strength, vertical power and lower extremity performance in elite handball players. Results indicate that knee muscle strength and height should be considered in handball performance, as well as the fat tissue in career performance, especially in females by professionals involved in the development process and selection of talent in young handball players.
Nitelikli edebî eserler, ana dilinin söz varlığını gösteren, dilin anlam dizgesini, niteliğini, ifade gücü ile olanaklarını
örneklendiren bir araç olarak okurun karşısına çıkar. Dolayısıyla eser ana ...dilin tüm olanaklarını kullandığı ölçüde
başarılı olur.
Bir eserde yer alan sözcük hazinesi aynı zamanda eserin kaleme alındığı dönem hakkında da ipucu verecek ana
kaynaklardandır. Dilin somut varlığı olan söz varlığı; eserin yazıldığı döneme ilişkin düşüncelerin oluşmasında, dilin
imkânlarının görülmesinde dahası dilin ve anlatım özelliklerinin gelecek nesillere aktarılmasında etkin bir rol oynar.
Bu yüzden bir eserin sahip olduğu kelime kadrosu, okurlara dili tanıtan önemli unsurlardan biridir.
Orhan Kemal’in “Küçük Adamın Romanı” dizisi iki eserden oluşmaktadır. Dizinin ilk eseri olan “Baba Evi”, söz
varlığı açısından daha önce incelenmiş olup bu çalışmayla “Küçük Adamın Romanı” dizisinde yer alan “Avare Yıllar”
adlı eserin söz varlığı açısından incelenmesinin yanı sıra söz konusu dizinin, Türkçe eğitimi ve öğretiminde
kullanılabilme niteliği üzerinde durulmuştur. Çalışmada doküman incelemesi tekniği kullanılmış; veriler fişleme
tekniği ile ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Çalışma ile söz varlığı açısından oldukça zengin olduğu tespit edilen eserin dizinin
birinci yapıtından daha fazla örnek içerdiği sonucuna ulaşılmış; eserin, Türkçe eğitimi ve öğretiminde kullanılabilecek
eserler arasında yer alabileceği önerisinde bulunulmuştur.
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