Background: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, intensity and risk factors (age and gender) promoting the intestinal helminthic infections of the Domestic mountain ponies and Balkan ...donkeys in Serbia.Methods: Prevalence, intensity and risk factors influencing helminth infection in horses (n=39) and donkeys (n=18) at the site of Nature Park Stara Planina, were studied from May to Sep 2015. The presence of one or several gastrointestinal helminth species was confirmed by faecal flotation in 97.43% of horses and 88.88% of donkeys included in the monitoring. The identified helminth species were Trichostrongylus axei, Strongylus edentatus, S. vulgaris, Parascaris equorum, Dictyocaulus arnfieldi and Anoplocephala magna in 84.61%, 46.15%, 5.13%, 58.97%, 94.87% and 38.46% of horses, respectively. The significant association of infection with P. equorumand sex of horses was established. (χ2=13.33, P<0.01).Results: The prevalence of parasitic helminths identified in donkeys was the following: D. arnfieldi, T. axei, Pa. equorum, S. vulgaris, A. margna and Strongyloides westeri in 55.55%, 38.89%, 27.78%, 22.22% and 22.22% of donkeys, respectively. Moreover, the mean faecal egg count was higher in donkeys (369.9 EPG - egg per gram) than in horses (250.2 EPG). The association between the age and the mean EPG was significant (P<0.05) in both equine species.Conclusion: The results of the investigation provided basic information that can be helpful for planning strategic control of nematode infection in equine population in Nature Reserves in Serbia.
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, intensity and risk factors (age and gender) promoting the intestinal helminthic infections of the Domestic mountain ponies and Balkan donkeys in ...Serbia.
Prevalence, intensity and risk factors influencing helminth infection in horses (n=39) and donkeys (n=18) at the site of Nature Park Stara Planina, were studied from May to Sep 2015. The presence of one or several gastrointestinal helminth species was confirmed by faecal flotation in 97.43% of horses and 88.88% of donkeys included in the monitoring. The identified helminth species were
,
,
,
,
and
in 84.61%, 46.15%, 5.13%, 58.97%, 94.87% and 38.46% of horses, respectively. The significant association of infection with
and sex of horses was established. (χ2=13.33,
<0.01).
The prevalence of parasitic helminths identified in donkeys was the following:
,
,
,
,
and
in 55.55%, 38.89%, 27.78%, 22.22% and 22.22% of donkeys, respectively. Moreover, the mean faecal egg count was higher in donkeys (369.9 EPG - egg per gram) than in horses (250.2 EPG). The association between the age and the mean EPG was significant (
<0.05) in both equine species.
The results of the investigation provided basic information that can be helpful for planning strategic control of nematode infection in equine population in Nature Reserves in Serbia.
Tick Population in Goats and Sheep in Šabac Pavlović, Ivan; Ivanović, Snežana; Dimitrić, Aleksandar ...
Macedonian Veterinary Review/Macedonian veterinary review,
03/2016, Letnik:
39, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
During our examination performed in the period from 2010 to 2012, we collected ticks from 52 flocks of sheep and 38 goat flocks. Ticks infestation occured in 15.97% (214/1340) of sheep and 16.93% ...(107/632) of goats. The result showed the presence of
,
,
and
Additional to determination of tick species during the research, the sex ratio and the monthly influence of microclimate conditions (temperature, relative humidity and precipitation quantity) on the dynamics of populations of ticks were followed. Obtained results indicate the importance of the impact of climatic factors on the population dynamics of some species of ticks as well as the dynamics and abundance of different sexes within established species of ticks.
The domestic mountain horse is an autochthonous breed of horse that originated in the Balkans, which, with the support of the fund for the protection of genetic resources, began to restore the ...population of this breed, primarily in the area of Stara Planina. Intestinal parasite tests were performed on domestic mountain horses in three separate pastures on Stara Planina. A total of 124 horses from three herds were tested In Izatovac we 44 tested horses, in Boljev Dol 30 and in Borovsko polje 50 horses. All the horses were kept in a semi-free system on mountain pastures - during the day they were in pastures, moving freely in a space of several kilometers around the farm, only to be closed during the night due to the danger of wolves, usually in the same facilities with sheep, goats and cows. The diet was based exclusively on pasture. All horses were clinically healthy, in solid condition, which was at its best in early summer, when the grass was at its most lush. For coprological diagnostics, sedimentation and flotation methods with a saturated solution of NaCl and ZnSO4 were used in parallel. The Clayton-Lane method was used to count parasite eggs. Identification of parasite eggs was done on the basis of morphometric characteristics. Based on the results of the examination, the following parasites were found: Trichostrongylus axei in 66.67%, Strongylus edentatus in 83.33%, and Parascaris equorum.33.33%.
In order to discover new anticancer drugs, novel ruthenium(III) complexes Ru(L)Cl(H2O), where L is tetradentate Schiff base bis(acetylacetone)ethylendiimine (acacen, 1), ...bis(benzoylacetone)ethylendiimine (bzacen, 2), (acetylacetone)(benzoylaceton)ethylendiimine (acacbzacen, 3), bis(acetylacetone)propylendiimine (acacpn, 4), bis(benzoylacetone)propylendiimine (bzacpn, 5) or (acetylacetone)(benzoylaceton)propylendiimine (acacbzacpn, 6), were synthesized. The complexes 1 – 6 were characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductometry, and by various spectroscopic techniques, such as UV–Vis, IR, EPR, and ESI-MS. Based on in vitro DNA/BSA experiments, complexes 2 (bzacen) and 5 (bzacpn) with two aromatic rings showed the highest DNA/BSA-activity, suggesting that the presence of the aromatic ring on the tetradentate Schiff base ligand contributes to increased activity. Moreover, these two compounds showed the highest cytotoxic effects toward human, A549 and murine LLC1 lung cancer cells. These complexes altered the ratio of anti- and pro-apoptotic molecules and induced apoptosis of A549 cells. Further, complexes 2 and 5 reduced the percentage of Mcl1 and Bcl2 expressing LLC1 cells, induced their apoptotic death and exerted an antiproliferative effect against LLC1. Finally, complex 5 reduced the volume of mouse primary heterotopic Lewis lung cancer, while complex 2 reduced the incidence and mean number of metastases per lung. Additionally, molecular docking with DNA revealed that the reduced number of aromatic rings or their absence causes lower intercalative properties of the complexes in order: 2 > 5 > 6 > 3 > 4 > 1. It was observed that conventional hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions contribute to the stabilization of the structures of complex-DNA. A molecular docking study with BSA revealed a predominance of 1 – 6 in binding affinity to the active site III, a third D-shaped hydrophobic pocket within subdomain IB.
We described the synthesis and structural characterization of novel ruthenium(III)-Schiff base complexes, alongside with their interactions with DNA and BSA. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Ru(III) complex 5 reduced the volume of mouse primary heterotopic Lewis lung cancer, while complex 2 reduced the incidence and mean number of metastases per lung. Display omitted
•Synthesis and characterization of novel Ru(III) Schiff base complexes.•Ru complexes 2 (bzacen) and 5 (bzacpn) showed the highest CT-DNA/BSA activity.•BSA molecular docking revealed a predominance of 1–6 to bind to the active site III.•Complex 2 reduced the incidence and mean number of metastases per lung.•Complex 5 reduced the volume of mouse primary heterotopic Lewis lung cancer.
A novel trimethyltin(IV) complex (
), derived from 3-(4-methyl-2-oxoquinolin-1(2H)-yl)propanoate ligand, has been synthesized and characterized by elemental microanalysis, UV/Vis spectrophotometry, ...FT-IR and multinuclear (
H,
C and
Sn) NMR spectroscopies. Furthermore, the structure of the ligand precursor
was solved using SC-XRD (single-crystal X-ray diffraction). The prediction of UV/Vis and NMR spectra by quantum-chemical methods was performed and compared to experimental findings. The protein binding affinity of
towards BSA was determined by spectrofluorometric titration and subsequent molecular docking simulations.
has been evaluated for its in vitro anticancer activity against three human cell lines, MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma), A375 (melanoma) and HCT116 (colorectal carcinoma), and three mouse tumor cell lines, 4T1 (breast carcinoma), B16 (melanoma) and CT26 (colon carcinoma), using MTT and CV assays. The strong inhibition of A375 cell proliferation, ROS/RNS upregulation and robust lipid peroxidation lead to autophagic cell death upon treatment with
.
(O,O′-Diisobutyl-ethylenediamine-N,N′-di-3-propionate)tetrachloridoplatinum(IV), PtCl4(iBu2eddp), shows an improved pharmacological profile in comparison to cisplatin. This is manifested through ...accelerated dying process led by necrotic cell death, reflected through mitochondrial collapse, strong ATP depletion and reactive oxygen species production. Loss of mitochondrial potential was further followed with intensive apoptosis that finalized with DNA fragmentation.
Different dynamic of tumoricidal action could be partly ascribed to less affected repair mechanisms in comparison to cisplatin. Importantly, PtCl4(iBu2eddp) did not induce necrosis in primary fibroblasts suggesting different intracellular response of normal vs. tumor cells. This selectivity toward malignant phenotype is further confirmed by retained tumoricidal potential in hypoxic conditions, while cisplatin became completely inefficient.
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Synthesis of platinum(II) conjugate with acetylated betulinic acid tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane ester (BATRIS) is presented (BATRISPt). HR-ESI-MS and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, as well as ...elemental analysis were used for characterization of BATRISPt. Cytotoxicity (3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), crystal violet (CV), and sulforhodamine B (SRB) assays) of BA, BATRIS, BATRISPt, and cisplatin were assessed on seven different tumor cell lines: melanoma B16, colon HCT116 and DLD-1, adenocarcinoma HeLa, breast MCF-7, and anaplastic thyroid tumor 8505C and SW1736; as well as normal MRC-5 fibroblasts. Furthermore, the effect of the mentioned compounds on the apoptosis (Annexin V/PI assay) and autophagy induction (acridine orange (AO) assay) as well as caspase 3, 8, and 9 activation were investigated on the selected B16 melanoma cell line. BATRISPt showed lower activity than BA, BATRIS, or cisplatin. All tested compounds triggered apoptosis in B16 cells. Induction of autophagy was observed in B16 cells exposed only to BATRIS. On the other hand, new conjugate activates caspases 8 and 9 in B16 cells with higher impact than BATRIS or cisplatin alone.
Antioxidants are promising compounds with antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant pathogens, especially when combined with conventional antimicrobials. Our study aimed to characterize the ...structure of nicotinamides synthesized from nicotinic acid and thiocarbohydrazones and to evaluate their antibacterial and antifungal activity. Seven nicotinic acid hydrazides (NC 1–7) were synthesized using mono-thiocarbohydrazones with hydroxyl group substituents, along with quinolone, phenolic, and pyridine rings known for their antimicrobial activity. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of NC 1–7, at concentrations ranging from 0.001 to 1 mM, was tested against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Klebsiella pneumoniae (NCIMB 9111), and Candida albicans (ATCC 24433) using the broth microdilution method per EUCAST 2024 guidelines. Microorganism survival percentages were calculated based on optical density, and target fishing using the PharmMapper database identified potential molecular targets. The results showed that P. aeruginosa was most susceptible to the compounds, while C. albicans was the least susceptible. NC 3 significantly inhibited P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae growth at 0.016 mM, while higher concentrations were required for S. aureus, E. faecalis, and C. albicans. NC 5 was most effective against gram-positive bacteria at 0.03 mM. Only NC 4 completely inhibited C. albicans below 1 mM. NC 3, with the lowest concentration for 50% growth inhibition (0.016–0.064 mM), showed promising antibacterial potential against specific AMR-related proteins (bleomycin resistance protein, HTH-type transcriptional regulator QacR, and streptogramin A acetyltransferase), suggesting that this class of compounds could enhance or restore the activity of established antibiotics.
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