Abstract
Most of the existing chest X-ray datasets include labels from a list of findings without specifying their locations on the radiographs. This limits the development of machine learning ...algorithms for the detection and localization of chest abnormalities. In this work, we describe a dataset of more than 100,000 chest X-ray scans that were retrospectively collected from two major hospitals in Vietnam. Out of this raw data, we release 18,000 images that were manually annotated by a total of 17 experienced radiologists with 22 local labels of rectangles surrounding abnormalities and 6 global labels of suspected diseases. The released dataset is divided into a training set of 15,000 and a test set of 3,000. Each scan in the training set was independently labeled by 3 radiologists, while each scan in the test set was labeled by the consensus of 5 radiologists. We designed and built a labeling platform for DICOM images to facilitate these annotation procedures. All images are made publicly available in DICOM format along with the labels of both the training set and the test set.
ObjectivesWe examined impacts and interactions of COVID-19 response involvement, health-related behaviours and health literacy (HL) on anxiety, depression, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) ...among healthcare workers (HCWs).DesignA cross-sectional study was conducted. Data were collected 6 April to 19 April 2020 using online-based, self-administered questionnaires.Setting19 hospitals and health centres in Vietnam.Participants7 124 HCWs aged 21–60 years.ResultsThe COVID-19 response-involved HCWs had higher anxiety likelihood (OR (95% CI)=4.41 (3.53 to 5.51)), higher depression likelihood (OR(95% CI)=3.31 (2.71 to 4.05)) and lower HRQoL score (coefficient, b(95% CI)=−2.14 (−2.89 to −1.38)), compared with uninvolved HCWs. Overall, HCWs who smoked or drank at unchanged/increased levels had higher likelihood of anxiety, depression and lower HRQoL scores; those with unchanged/healthier eating, unchanged/more physical activity and higher HL scores had lower likelihood of anxiety, depression and higher HRQoL scores. In comparison to uninvolved HCWs who smoked or drank at never/stopped/reduced levels, involved HCWs with unchanged/increased smoking or drinking had lower anxiety likelihood (OR(95% CI)=0.34 (0.14 to 0.83)) or (OR(95% CI)=0.26 (0.11 to 0.60)), and lower depression likelihood (OR(95% CI)=0.33 (0.15 to 0.74)) or (OR(95% CI)=0.24 (0.11 to 0.53)), respectively. In comparison with uninvolved HCWs who exercised at never/stopped/reduced levels, or with those in the lowest HL quartile, involved HCWs with unchanged/increased exercise or with one-quartile HL increment reported lower anxiety likelihood (OR(95% CI)=0.50 (0.31 to 0.81)) or (OR(95% CI)=0.57 (0.45 to 0.71)), lower depression likelihood (OR(95% CI)=0.40 (0.27 to 0.61)) or (OR(95% CI)=0.63 (0.52 to 0.76)), and higher HRQoL scores (b(95% CI)=2.08 (0.58 to 3.58)), or (b(95% CI)=1.10 (0.42 to 1.78)), respectively.ConclusionsPhysical activity and higher HL were found to protect against anxiety and depression and were associated with higher HRQoL. Unexpectedly, smoking and drinking were also found to be coping behaviours. It is important to have strategic approaches that protect HCWs’ mental health and HRQoL.
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has been disseminating fear in the community, which has affected people’s quality of life, especially those with health problems. Health literacy (HL), eHealth ...literacy (eHEAL), and digital healthy diet literacy (DDL) may have potential impacts on containing the pandemic and its consequences. This study aimed to examine the association between the fear of COVID-19 scale (FCoV-19S) and the health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and to examine the effect modification by HL, eHEAL, and DDL on this association. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 11 hospitals across Vietnam from 7 April to 31 May 2020. Data were collected on 4348 outpatients, including demographic characteristics, HL, eHEAL, DDL, FCoV-19S, and HRQoL. Multiple linear regression and interaction models were used to explore associations. Results: Patients with higher FCoV-19S scores had lower HRQoL scores (unstandardized coefficient, B = −0.78, p < 0.001). HL (B = 0.20, p < 0.001), eHEAL (B = 0.24, p < 0.001), and DDL (B = 0.20, p < 0.001) were positively associated with higher HRQoL scores. The negative impact of FCoV-19S on HRQoL was significantly attenuated by higher eHEAL score groups (from one standard deviation (SD) below the mean, B = −0.93, p < 0.001; to the mean, B = −0.85, p < 0.001; and one SD above the mean, B = −0.77, p < 0.001); and by higher DDL score groups (from one SD below the mean, B = −0.92, p < 0.001; to the mean, B = −0.82, p < 0.001; and one SD above the mean, B = −0.72, p < 0.001). Conclusions: eHealth literacy and digital healthy diet literacy could help to protect patients’ health-related quality of life from the negative impact of the fear of COVID-19 during the pandemic.
This paper studies a new gradient regularity in Lorentz spaces for solutions to a class of quasilinear divergence form elliptic equations with nonhomogeneous Dirichlet boundary ...conditions:{div(A(x,∇u))=div(|F|p−2F)inΩ,u=σon∂Ω, where Ω⊂Rn (n≥2), the nonlinearity A is a monotone Carathéodory vector valued function defined on W01,p(Ω) for p>1 and the p-capacity uniform thickness condition is imposed on the complement of our bounded domain Ω. Moreover, for given data F∈Lp(Ω;Rn), the problem is set up with general Dirichlet boundary data σ∈W1,p(Ω). In this paper, the optimal good-λ type bounds technique is applied to prove some results of fractional maximal estimates for gradient of solutions. And the main ingredients are the action of the cut-off fractional maximal functions and some local interior and boundary comparison estimates developed in previous works 45,52,53 and references therein.
The aim of this paper is to establish an abstract theory based on the so-called fractional-maximal distribution functions (FMDs). From the basic ideas introduced in 1, we develop and prove some ...abstract results related to the level-set inequalities and norm-comparisons by using the language of such FMDs. Particularly interesting is the applicability of our approach that has been shown in regularity and Calderón-Zygmund type estimates. In this paper, due to our research experience, we will establish global regularity estimates for two types of general quasilinear problems (problems with divergence form and double obstacles), via fractional-maximal operators and FMDs. The range of applications of these abstract results is large. Apart from these two examples of the regularity theory for elliptic equations discussed, it is also promising to indicate further possible applications of our approach for other special topics.
Abstract
Since plants are sessile organisms, developmental plasticity in response to environmental stresses is essential for their survival. Upon exposure to drought, lateral root development is ...suppressed to induce drought tolerance. However, the molecular mechanism by which the development of lateral roots is inhibited by drought is largely unknown. In this study, the auxin signaling repressor IAA15 was identified as a novel substrate of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MPKs) and was shown to suppress lateral root development in response to drought through stabilization by phosphorylation. Both MPK3 and MPK6 directly phosphorylated IAA15 at the Ser-2 and Thr-28 residues. Transgenic plants overexpressing a phospho-mimicking mutant of IAA15 (IAA15DD OX) showed reduced lateral root development due to a higher accumulation of IAA15. In addition, MPK-mediated phosphorylation strongly increased the stability of IAA15 through the inhibition of polyubiquitination. Furthermore, IAA15DD OX plants showed the transcriptional downregulation of two key transcription factors LBD16 and LBD29, responsible for lateral root development. Overall, this study provides the molecular mechanism that explains the significance of the MPK-Aux/IAA module in suppressing lateral root development in response to drought.
This paper continues the development of regularity results for quasilinear elliptic equations −div(A(x,∇u))=μinΩ,andu=0on∂Ω,in Lorentz and Lorentz–Morrey spaces, where Ω⊂Rn (n≥2); A is a monotone ...Carathéodory vector valued operator acting between W01,p(Ω) and its dual W−1,p′(Ω); and μ is a datum in some Lebesgue space Lm(Ω), for m<p′. It emphasizes that in this paper, we restrict our study to the case of ‘very singular’ when 1<p≤3n−22n−1, and under mild assumption that the p-capacity uniform thickness condition is imposed on the complement of domain Ω. There are two main results obtained in our study pertaining to the global gradient estimates of solutions in Lorentz and Lorentz–Morrey spaces involving the use of maximal and fractional maximal operators. The idea for writing this working paper comes directly from the recent results by others in the same research topic, where global estimates for gradient of solutions for the ‘very singular’ case still remains a challenge, specifically related to Lorentz and Lorentz–Morrey spaces.
Purpose
Cancer imposes a substantial financial burden on patients because of the high out-of-pocket expenses and the significant hardships. Financial toxicity describes the impact of cancer care ...costs at the patient level. Although the financial impact of cancer has been recognized, understanding the extent and determinants of financial toxicity in specific contexts is crucial. This study investigated the level of financial toxicity and its associated factors among patients with cancer at an oncology hospital in central Vietnam.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 334 patients with cancer. Direct interviews and medical record reviews were used for data collection. Financial toxicity was assessed using the 11-item Comprehensive Score for financial Toxicity (COST). A logistic regression model was used to determine factors associated with financial toxicity.
Results
A notable 87.7% of patients experienced financial toxicity due to cancer cost, with 37.7% experiencing mild financial toxicity and 49.7% suffering from moderate financial toxicity, 0.3% reporting severe financial toxicity. Individuals with low household income exhibited a higher proportion of financial toxicity compared to that of those with higher income (odds ratio (OR) = 5.78, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.29–25.68). Compared with that of participants in the early stages, a higher burden was found in patients with advanced-stage cancer (OR = 3.88, 95% CI: 1.36–11.11).
Conclusion
Our study indicates that patients with cancer in Vietnam facefinancial toxicity. It is thus necessary for interventions to mitigate the financial burden on patients with cancer, focusing on vulnerable individuals and patients in the advanced stages.
In the healthcare industry, the biggest difficulties (Wang et al., 2018) lie in patient big data, medical equipment and instruments, hospital and laboratory information systems. The trend of applying ...the IoT along with other high technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence in different industries are attracting the business community's interest in Vietnam. Nowadays, the Internet of Things and big data can improve the business models of Prognostic Analysis data service providers, which seek to provide the same service at lower cost for Healthcare Organizations. Therefore, Ecomedic Medical System must design their service system to help both public and private Healthcare Organizations in Vietnam to increase their service reliability, pre-emptive conflict handling, and customer orientation (mindfulness-based reliability approach). This paper implicates the approaching process for a startup to build the business model in the field of the healthcare industry.
•Introducing Business model of Ecomedic Medical System in Vietnam•Analyzing the present market in smart e-medical service and their stakeholders•Integration of Internet of Things and Big Data into the solutions creates its unique values.•Using the Business Model Canvas to discuss the business opportunity in the industry
We prove in this paper the global Lorentz estimate in term of fractional-maximal function for gradient of weak solutions to a class of p-Laplace elliptic equations containing a non-negative ...Schrödinger potential which belongs to reverse Hölder classes. In particular, this class of p-Laplace operator includes both degenerate and non-degenerate cases. The interesting idea is to use an efficient approach based on the level-set inequality related to the distribution function in harmonic analysis.
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