Food industry is actively searching for sustainable, economical, and high-quality protein source. Rice and its milling by-products prove to be cheap, high-quality sources of protein possessing ...immense nutritional and functional benefits. Rice seed protein (RSP) content and its quality, amino acid profile and fractions (i.e. albumin, globulins, prolamins and glutelins) have significant varietal influence. The functional properties (solubility, foaming properties, oil and water absorption, emulsification properties, etc.) depend on various factors such as extraction method, treatments, pH, concentration of salt & sugar in the foods. RSP has low solubility but various protein modification treatments have resulted in significant improvement in its solubility and other consumer preferential properties. RSP exhibits some therapeutic and nutraceutical properties such as hypoallergenic, antitumor, anti-atherosclerotic, antigenic properties with sound amino acid profile and substantial biological value. It can be used for biopolymer, bioactive compound delivery system, and effective natural antioxidant, treatment of hypertension and also for baby food formulations. This review discusses grain structure, composition, protein types, protein quality, extraction methods, functional properties and its modification. RSP is exceedingly comparable to existing protein sources such as soy, casein and fenugreek. Thus, RSP may be considered as a potential ingredient for food and allied industry.
We report on the enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting of hybrid ZnS/ZnO core-shell nanorod arrays functionalized with Bi2S3 nanosheets as photoanode. The ZnO nanorod arrays were prepared by ...a facile hydrothermal approach and sulphurized to form ZnS shell. Subsequently porous Bi2S3 nanosheets were arbitrarily decorated on the nanorod arrays by ionic adsorption and reaction method. Substantial enhancement in photocurrents with twofold increment is observed for hybrid photoanode compared to pristine counterparts. The structural and morphological properties of nano hybrid Bi2S3/ZnS/ZnO samples were analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The higher wavelength shift in the absorption edge of Bi2S3/ZnS/ZnO photocatalyst was observed in diffuse reflectance UV–Visible spectra. The low temperature photoluminescence and impedance spectra of Bi2S3/ZnS/ZnO photoanode confirm that Bi2S3 functionalization reduces the recombination of electron–hole pair and facilitates barrier free charge transfer. The Bi2S3/ZnS/ZnO photoanode device exhibits photocurrent density of 220 μA/cm2 at 0.2 V vs. Ag/AgCl under the electrolyte solution at pH ~10.8. The resultant hybrid photoanode withhold good stability and maintain the facile charge carrier generation and separation. Bi2S3 topological nanosheets are responsible for the absorption of complete visible photons while ZnS/Bi2S3 inter-junction provides the robust electron-hole pair separation at their interface due to infiltration pathway. The photoactive hybridization of Bi2S3/ZnS/ZnO provokes the enhanced donor charge density for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction.
Display omitted
•2D Bi2S3 anchored 1D ZnS/ZnO core-shell photoanode fabricated.•2D Bi2S3 staging enhances the photo-electrochemical properties.•Bi2S3/ZnS/ZnO shows stable photocurrent density of 220 μA/cm-2.•Bi2S3/ZnS/ZnO enhances the photo-electrocatalytic water oxidation.
Display omitted
•Simplistic CH3NH3Pb0.99Bi0.01I3/TiO2 bilayer photodetector was fabricated.•The bilayer device demonstrates self-powered photoresponsivity of ~1 × 10−4 AW−1.•Photodetector exhibits ...nonlinear photoresponse with illumination power densities.
In this article, we report the fabrication of self-powered CH3NH3Pb0.99Bi0.01I3 perovskite visible light photodetector by chemical vapour deposition. The crystalline Pb0.99Bi0.01I2 layer grown on TiO2 nanoarrays (NAs) was transformed into trap free CH3NH3Pb0.99Bi0.01I3 functional perovskite layer by exposure of methylamine iodide at various time intervals. The TiO2 NAs improve the morphology and growth of crystalline CH3NH3Pb0.99Bi0.01I3 layers which increases the charge transport and exciton dissociation. Self-powered device resulted in the high photocurrent density of 9.01 × 10−4, 2.65 × 10−3 and 7.06 × 10−3 mA/cm2 under the irradiation of simulated visible solar light at various power densities of 30, 60 and 90 mW/cm2, respectively. The dark current of 10−4 mA/cm2 at 0.3 V clearly evidences ultra-low charge carrier recombination in the bilayer photodetector device. The device accomplishes very good photoresponsivity of ~10−4 AW−1 under self-powered condition.
Biodiesel is the new form of automotive fuel that the world is now concerning and several researches are going on for the production of an efficient form of Bio-Diesel because of the fact that Diesel ...and Petrol are going to be exhaustible in nearly 60 years. In order to produce an efficient fuel, it is inevitable to calculate the emission characteristics concerning the fuel. This project deals with the efficient and intelligent way of analyzing and calculating the engine emission characteristics of Bio-diesel operated IC engines. A Machine Learning based model using TensorFlow library has been developed using python programming for the calculation of emission characteristics such as Carbon-monoxide (CO) and Carbon-dioxide (CO2) of an IC engine upon injection of Bio-diesel as fuel in different proportions. These investigations and data-sets are considered for a four stroke internal combustion engine. In this Machine Learning model TensorFlow library has been used for the better visualization of the results and error rectification. The results of the developed TensorFlow model are then compared with an existing Fuzzy model for the same application. The results predicted by this model clearly are in good correlation with the actual values which depicts that this method is effective and the total error of the developed model was found to be ±0.02 which is comparatively lower than that of the existing Fuzzy model. Concludingly, the Machine learning model using TensorFlow was found to be the best model for the calculation of engine emission characteristics of Bio-diesel operated IC engines as it offers more visualization tools and better predictive analysis.
The catalytic reactivity and photoactivity of WO3 and BiVO4 oxide semiconductors have general obstacles as electrodes in emergent photo-electrochemical (PEC) hydrogen evolution applications. The ...present work comprises the integration of photocatalyst with wide visible photon absorption material which is vital for hydrogen evolution in photo-electrocatalytic water splitting. Herein, the 1D WO3 NWs have been integrated with stable water oxidation photocatalysts of BiVO4 and Bi2S3 as a photoanode (Bi2S3/BiVO4/WO3) for photoelectrochemical hydrogen evolution reactions. The morphological variations in the Bi2S3/BiVO4/WO3 heterostructure manifest catalytic activity and rapid charge transfer characteristics owing to band alignment and a wide range of visible photon absorption. The optimized Bi2S3/BiVO4/WO3 multidimensional photoanode accomplishes a superior photocurrent density of 1.52 mA/cm2, a seven-fold higher than pristine WO3 photoanode counterpart (0.2 mA/cm2) at 1 V vs. RHE. A prodigious lowest onset potential of −0.01 V vs. RHE) has been achieved which enables very high solar to hydrogen conversion. The photoelectrode with entangled morphology such as nanosheets, nanocrystals and nanorods expanded their surface to volume ratio having enhanced catalytic performance. The hybrid photoanodes have demonstrated the lowest charge transfer resistance of 360 Ohm/cm2 with a 7-fold rise in hydrogen evolution performance. The resultant triadic Bi2S3/BiVO4/WO3 heterostructure appeared to be an emerging stable photo-electro catalyst for hydrogen evolution applications.
Display omitted
•A multidimensional Bi2S3/BiVO4/WO3 is prepared by hydrothermal and SILAR method.•The hetero-structure upholds photo-excitation and enhances carriers' kinetics.•The open triadic structure improves the hydrogen evolution.•A type II band alignment in Bi2S3/BiVO4/WO3 hetero-structure is proposed.
This work aimed to functionalize fenugreek seed protein using microfluidization treatment. The color, oil binding capacity, emulsion stability, and viscoelastic property of Kasuri and Ajmer fenugreek ...seed proteins (KF and AF) were considerably improved after microfluidization. The oil binding capacity of AF and KF significantly increased 9.99–12.92 mL/g and 10.72–11.32 mL/g, and similarly, emulsion stability also increased 76.32%–90.51% and 68.28–87.50%, respectively (p < 0.05), whereas microfluidization reduced foam formation and water-binding capacity. The color change (ΔE*) was 17.11 ± 0.29 and 6.71 ± 0.73 for AF-C and KF-C, respectively. Microfluidized samples were lighter in color compared to the control samples. Microfluidization increased denaturation temperature (Tm) of KF from 54.8 °C (KF–C) to 57.4 °C (KF-M) while it reduced Tm of AF from 61.2 °C (AF-C) to 56.0 °C (AF-M). Microfluidization increased the linear viscoelastic range (strain %) of fenugreek seed proteins (16% for KF-M & 25.2% for AF-M), signifying increased stress tolerance. The frequency sweep test showed a higher storage modulus of microfluidized samples. The effect of microfluidization on the functional groups and morphology of fenugreek seed proteins was observed in the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analyses, respectively.
Display omitted
•Microfluidization (10000 psi) was employed to functionalize fenugreek protein (FPC).•Microfluidization (MF) improved oil binding and emulsion properties of FPC.•Varietal influence was observed in physicochemical and thermal properties of FPC.•Rheological analysis showed that FPC has ability to form strong cross-linked gel.•Changes in FPC after MF were evident in optical, SEM, DSC, and FT-IR analysis.
Government Scheme Navigator Chatbot Mrs. K. Sowndharya; Mukilan M; Srinikethan S. M ...
International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology,
4/2024
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
The Government Scheme Navigator Chatbot is a novel tool designed to assist citizens in navigating the complex landscape of government schemes and programs. In many countries, citizens often struggle ...to find relevant information about government schemes that could benefit them due to the sheer volume and diversity of available programs. This chatbot aims to bridge that gap by providing an intuitive and user-friendly interface for citizens to explore, search, and access information about various government schemes. The chatbot is equipped with a comprehensive database of government schemes, including eligibility criteria, application procedures, and contact information. It uses natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning algorithms to understand user queries and provide relevant and accurate responses. Users can interact with the chatbot via text or voice commands, making it accessible to a wide range of users
Background: To develop the physiological performance of the soccer players to practice the Fartlek training.Purpose: The perseverance of this investigation was to find out the effect of fartlek ...training on breath holding time among soccer players. For this study 40 football players were randomly chosen from Alagappa University Associated Colleges and their age range was between 18 to 25 years.Methods: The 40 soccer players were divided into two groups of 20 each for groups. Group A was fartlek training, group B was the non-training group. The training was given for twelve weeks and 3 alternate days for a week. The pre-test was taken 2 days before the training starting period and the post-test was taken after the day of the closing period of the training protocol. Breath holding time was measured by breath holding count test.Results: Interpretation data using the t ratio breath holding time, values of pre-test of the control group on breath holding time were 34.68 and 34.79 respectively. The acquired ‘t’ ratio was 0.42, since the obtained ‘t’ ration was less than the required table value of 2.08 for significant at 0.05 level with 18 degrees of freedom it was found to be statistical significant. The mean values of pre-test of the experimental group on breath holding time were 34.37 and 37.42 respectively. The acquired ‘t’ ratio was 10.15*, since the obtained ‘t’ ration was greater than the required table value of 2.08 for significant at 0.05 level with 18 degrees of freedom it was found to be statistical significant. The result of the study manifest that there was a significant difference between control group and experimental group in breath holding timeConclusion: Due to the 12 weeks of fartlek training breath holding time get significantly improve the performance of the soccer players.
PDF
