Sodium dichloroacetate (DCA) is a metabolic regulator used to treat diabetes. Since DCA inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, decreasing lactic acid formation, it can reverse the Warburg effect in ...cancer cells, promoting apoptosis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential of DCA as a drug repurposing candidate for the treatment of melanoma. For the in-vitro assay, murine B16-F10 melanoma cells were treated with 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 20 or 50 mM DCA for 3 days, analyzed with the crystal violet method. The in-vivo effect of DCA was evaluated in B16-F10 tumor-bearing C57BL/6 mice treated with different doses of DCA (0, 25, 75 or 150 mg/kg) by gavage for 10 days, followed by measurement of tumor volume. Upon necropsy, representative slices of lung, liver, kidney, spleen and intestine were collected, processed and submitted for histopathological examination. The DCA concentrations of 10, 20 and 50 mM reduced B16-F10 cell viability after 48 and 72 h of treatment, whereas 20 and 50 mM were effective after 24 h of treatment. A significant reduction in tumor growth was observed in B16-F10 melanoma bearing mice at all doses, with no change in body weight or histology. DCA attenuates the growth of B16-F10 melanoma in vitro and in vivo, without systemic toxic effects. Therefore, DCA is a candidate for drug repurposing against melanomas.
The RIKEN-RAL pulsed Muon Facility Matsuzaki, T.; Ishida, K.; Nagamine, K. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
06/2001, Letnik:
465, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
RIKEN has constructed a pulsed muon facility at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL) in the UK under an international collaboration between RIKEN and RAL to promote muon science. We have confirmed ...that the facility produces a pulsed decay muon beam as well as a pulsed surface positive muon beam with the highest instantaneous intensity in the world and initiated the muon science research program, which includes muon catalyzed fusion, since June 1995.
The loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a novel nucleic acid amplification method that uses only one type of enzyme. One of the characteristics of the LAMP method is its ability to ...synthesize extremely large amount of DNA. Accordingly, a large amount of by-product, pyrophosphate ion, is produced, yielding white precipitate of magnesium pyrophosphate in the reaction mixture. Judging the presence or absence of this white precipitate allows easy distinction of whether nucleic acid was amplified by the LAMP method. Since an increase in the turbidity of the reaction mixture according to the production of precipitate correlates with the amount of DNA synthesized, real-time monitoring of the LAMP reaction was achieved by real-time measurement of turbidity.
The pattern of
b-value of the frequency–magnitude relation, or mean magnitude, varies little in the Kaoiki-Hilea area of Hawaii, and the
b-values are normal, with
b=0.8 in the top 10
km and somewhat ...lower values below that depth. We interpret the Kaoiki-Hilea area as relatively stable, normal Hawaiian crust. In contrast, the
b-values beneath Kilauea's South Flank are anomalously high (
b=1.3–1.7) at depths between 4 and 8
km, with the highest values near the East Rift zone, but extending 5–8
km away from the rift. Also, the anomalously high
b-values vary along strike, parallel to the rift zone. The highest
b-values are observed near Hiiaka and Pauahi craters at the bend in the rift, the next highest are near Makaopuhi and also near Puu Kaliu. The mildest anomalies occur adjacent to the central section of the rift. The locations of the three major and two minor
b-value anomalies correspond to places where shallow magma reservoirs have been proposed based on analyses of seismicity, geodetic data and differentiated lava chemistry. The existence of the magma reservoirs is also supported by magnetic anomalies, which may be areas of dike concentration, and self-potential anomalies, which are areas of thermal upwelling above a hot source. The simplest explanation of these anomalously high
b-values is that they are due to the presence of active magma bodies beneath the East Rift zone at depths down to 8
km. In other volcanoes, anomalously high
b-values correlate with volumes adjacent to active magma chambers. This supports a model of a magma body beneath the East Rift zone, which may widen and thin along strike, and which may reach 8
km depth and extend from Kilauea's summit to a distance of at least 40
km down rift. The anomalously high
b-values at the center of the South Flank, several kilometers away from the rift, may be explained by unusually high pore pressure throughout the South Flank, or by anomalously strong heterogeneity due to extensive cracking, or by both phenomena. The major
b-value anomalies are located SSE of their parent reservoirs, in the direction of motion of the flank, suggesting that magma reservoirs leave an imprint in the mobile flank. We hypothesize that the extensive cracking may have been acquired when the anomalous parts of the South Flank, now several kilometers distant from the rift zone, were generated at the rift zone near persistent reservoirs. Since their generation, these volumes may have moved seaward, away from the rift, but earthquakes occurring in them still use the preexisting complex crack distribution. Along the decollement plane at 10
km depth, the
b-values are exceptionally low (
b=0.5), suggesting faulting in a more homogeneous medium.
Carbon coating of β-LiVOPO4 produced by glass-ceramic processing was carried out by the pyrolysis of glucose. Li2O-V2O2-P2O5 (LVP) glass-ceramics were produced by heat treatment at 400°C (sample α1), ...600°C (sample β1) and 600+720°C (sample β2). Sample β1 was subsequently heat treated in the presence of glucose at 500 and 600°C in a N2 atmosphere to produce samples β2 and β3, respectively. From X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential thermal analyses, it was found that sample β1 consisted mainly of β-LiVOPO4 crystals and did not contain any other crystalline phases. However, in samples β2 and β3, decomposition of LiVOPO4 took place due to the strongly reducing effect of residual carbon. For sample β3, XRD diffraction peaks associated with Li3V2(PO4)3 were found. From the charge-discharge measurements, the decomposed LVP glass-ceramics were also found to act as active materials. However, samples β2 and β3 exhibited Li3V2(PO4)3-like and solid-solution behaviour, respectively.
In order to explain the muSR data in cytochrome c, a member protein of the respiratory chain, we perform systemic theoretical study starting from amino acids towards whole system of the cytochrome c ...using first-principles method. The main goal of this study is to understand the electron transfer process in the protein using muon labelled electron method. In this talk, the charge states and stopping sites of muons in the glycine and polyglycine will be presented.
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