Background. Diabetes mellitus (DM) presents a significant global health challenge with considerable cardiovascular implications. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) has gained recognition for its potential as a ...natural antioxidant supplement in the management of diabetes and its associated cardiovascular complications. Aim. This comprehensive review systematically examines the scientific rationale underlying the therapeutic properties of CoQ10 in mitigating the impact of diabetes and its cardiovascular consequences. The analysis encompasses preclinical trials (in vitro and in vivo) and clinical studies evaluating the efficacy and mechanisms of action of CoQ10. Result & Discussion. Findings reveal that CoQ10, through its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory attributes, demonstrates significant potential in reducing oxidative stress, ameliorating lipid profiles, and regulating blood pressure, which are crucial aspects in managing diabetes-induced cardiovascular complications. CoQ10, chemically represented as C59H90O4, was administered in capsule form for human studies at doses of 50, 100, 150, 200, and 300 mg per day and at concentrations of 10 and 20 μM in sterile powder for experimental investigations and 10 mg/kg in powder for mouse studies, according to the published research. Clinical trials corroborate these preclinical findings, demonstrating improved glycemic control, lipid profiles, and blood pressure in patients supplemented with CoQ10. Conclusion. In conclusion, CoQ10 emerges as a promising natural therapeutic intervention for the comprehensive management of diabetes and its associated cardiovascular complications. Its multifaceted impacts on the Nrf2/Keap1/ARE pathway, oxidative stress, and metabolic regulation highlight its potential as an adjunct in the treatment of diabetes and related cardiovascular disorders. However, further extensive clinical investigations are necessary to fully establish its therapeutic potential and assess potential synergistic effects with other compounds.
Introduction: Insulin injection training will lead to improved glucose control and greater satisfaction with treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of insulin injection ...re-education on injection errors and blood glucose control in the patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: This semi-experimental study was performed on 108 patients with type 2 diabetes referred to Yazd Diabetes Center using simple random sampling. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire that was completed for the patients before and three months after the intervention. The educational content was sent to the participants in the form of a five-minute video and via mobile phone. Data were analyzed using Pair t-test in SPSS 16.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 61.44 ±8.94 years. The appropriate injection before and after the intervention in terms of the frequency of reused needle (20.4% vs 39.7% , p=0.013), keep pressing (47.2% vs 70.5%, p=0.001), size of the injection area (52.8% vs 75.3%, p=0.001), injection rotation (28.7% vs 37.2%, p=0.02 ) and insulin injection time (65.7%% vs 75.6%, p=0.04), showed a significant increase.
Conclusion: Insulin injection re-education can lead to reducing patients' errors related to the injection. Therefore, teaching patients at regular intervals can improve their performance in the field of insulin injection and improve the quality of treatment.
Introduction: Diabetes is one of the most common diseases caused by metabolic disorders. It is the result of impaired secretion or function of insulin. The prevalence of diabetes is increasing ...rapidly. The aim of this study is to investigate the performance of different decision tree algorithms in the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy. It was done using a database regarding diabetic patients. They were referred to Yazd Diabetes Research Center.
Method: This study was analytical and cross-sectional. 2613 patients visited Yazd City's research and treatment center. Their demographic information was received in the first stage. Then, they were tested by the nursing team, and the patient's information form was completed by the respective nurse. After that, the descriptive indicators of mean, mode, median, variance, frequency, and percentage of missing data were observed. Four diagnostic models (Chadi), classification tree and regression (C and R), (Quest) and C 5.0 were compared. Authors evaluated the performance of these four models using three statistical criteria: accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Gains chart was used for more accurate comparison of models. SPSS MODELER V 18.0 software was used for data processing and modeling. The significance level was considered 5%.
Result: In this study, among the demographic and clinical variables, BMI, duration of disease, type of drug used, age, hypertension, gender, cholesterol, and hemoglobin A1c were entered in the final model. The dependent variable of retinopathy was investigated. It was based on the obtained criteria of accuracy (71.75), sensitivity (75.60), specificity (57.14) in the CART model; accuracy (65.84), sensitivity (65.86), specificity (65.76) of the Quest model; accuracy (69.33), sensitivity (67.35), specificity (76.81) of Chaid model; and accuracy (73.27), sensitivity (79.65), specificity (49.05) of Chaid model.
Conclusion: Based on the criteria of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and comparison of Gain Chart for four algorithms, Chaid algorithm showed better performance. Therefore, for further research, the authors suggest this algorithm.
Objective: Diabetic patients are more likely to be infected and are at the higher risk of morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to compare the preventive behaviours ...and perceived risk of COVID-19 in women with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Materials and Methods: The analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from June to July 2020 on 151 participants. Among T2DM patients who were referred to Yazd diabetes center 79 patients were selected by using simple random sampling method. The healthy none diabetic participants (n=72) were selected from the patients' relatives. Data were collected by a validated questionnaire including demographic information, information about diabetes, information about protective behaviours and risk perception questions. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.
Results: The mean (±SD) score of protective behaviours in the diabetic group was 24.34 (±3.05), which was significantly higher than the non-diabetic group (P: 0.001). The mean risk perception in the group of diabetic patients was slightly more than the group without diabetes but this difference was not statistically significant (P= 0.16). In general, there was a significant positive correlation between protective behaviours and risk perception in diabetic (r= 0.26; P< 0.01) and non-diabetic (r= 0.39; P< 0.001) groups.
Conclusion: Increased perceived risk promotes preventive behaviours of COVID-19 among diabetic and non-diabetic people.
Background: Chronic diseases such as diabetes have significant effects on the mental and social health of patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the mental and social health status of ...children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 52 T1 diabetic patients aged 12-18 years who referred to Yazd Diabetes Center in 2020. The patients were selected by simple random sampling. The data collection tool was the Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC) questionnaire, which contained 35 three-choice psychological questions about mental health. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22. Results: Totally, 31 (56.9%) and 21 (40.4%) of patients were males and females, respectively. The mean age of the subjects was 15.23 (±2) and the mean duration of diabetes was 6.19 (±3.56) years. Moreover, 48.1% of patients had a positive family history of diabetes. The mean of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was 8.05 (±1.62) and the mean of HbA1c in patients with psychosocial disorders was 8.74 (±0.08), which was significantly higher than that of subjects without psychosocial disorders (P=0.032). Conclusion: T1DM patients, whose blood sugar was not controlled, reported more mental health problems, thus it is essential to apply psychosocial health promotion strategies to these adolescents and their families.
BackgroundIn modern radiotherapy techniques, the frequently small and non-uniformed fields can increase treatment efficiency due to their highly conformal dose distribution. Particular features ...including lack of Lateral Charge Particle Equilibrium (LCPE) lead to detectors with high resolution since any error in obtained dosimetric data could cause patient mistreatments. ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate and compare two small detectors (Semiflex®3D and microdiamond) dosimetric characteristics in small field relative dosimetry. Material and MethodsIn this experimental study, the dosimetric properties of Semiflex®3D and microdiamond were assessed under 6 and 15 MV photon beams. The linearity and stability of the detector's response and dose rate were measured. Square-field sizes ranging from 0.6×0.6 - 5×5 cm2 were used for obtaining percentage depth dose curves (PDDs) and in-plane profiles. The angular and temperature dependence of both detectors' responses were also studied. ResultsThe detector response shows good stability, no deviation from linearity, and low dose rate dependence (≤1.6%). PDDs and in-plan profiles of both detectors are in good agreement and no significant difference was observed except for the high dose gradient regions (P-value≤0.017). Both detectors demonstrated low angular dependence (<0.3%) with temperature dependence lower than 1% for both detectors. ConclusionThe results indicate both investigated detectors were well performed in small field relative dosimetry and for measuring penumbra, it is better to use microdiamond detector.
Objective: Diabetes mellitus is reported to be the third most prevalent comorbidity with COVID-19, after cardio‐cerebrovascular disease and hypertension. Furthermore, diabetes increases the ...likelihood of admission to the hospital and intensive care unit and death from COVID-19. The aim of the present study was to compare the clinical manifestations and outcomes of COVID-19 in diabetic versus non-diabetic inpatients.
Materials and Methods: The medical records of 6525 patients with definitive diagnosis of COVID-19 were obtained from the reference COVID-19 diagnosis laboratory from January to July 2021 in Yazd, Iran. Patients were investigated for data on onset, clinical history, and fatality rate. COVID-19-related death was defined as positive RT-PCR in at least one of three nasal samples. Data were analysed using SPSS 24.
Results: Among inpatients, 21.2% were diabetic. The mean ages of diabetic and non-diabetic patients were 64.45 (±13.87) and 52.98 (±20.36) years, respectively. Diabetics were more likely to be admitted to the intensive care unit (6.8% vs. 5%, P= 0.02) and the fatality rate was higher among them than non-diabetics (22.6% vs. 12%, P< 0.001). In diabetics, the mean age of non-survivors was lower than that of survivors (62.57 vs. 70.48, P= 0.0001) and the frequency of death was higher among men than women (53% vs. 47.5%, P= 0.045). Generally, diabetes has the strongest association with COVID-19 death (P= 0.0001).
Conclusion: Diabetic patients experience more adverse outcomes because of COVID-19. These findings indicate the need for special attention in relation to prevention treatment against COVID-19 in patients with diabetes.
Objective: Today, the association of blood groups as genetic traits has been confirmed in many diseases. However, its association with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has not been investigated. ...Therefore, in this study, we investigated the relationship between blood groups and GDM.
Materials and Methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study, pregnant women referred to Baqaeipur Clinic and Yazd Diabetes Research Center in 2015-2018Based on the information related to the results of the onehour OGTT test and the two-hour glucose levels recorded in the file were divided into two groups (GDM, non GDM). Then other information about the participants in the study, including demographic information, medical history, ABO and Rh blood groups, abortion, delivery, and number of pregnancies were extracted from the file and analyzed using SPSS version 23 software.
Results: Out of 1708 pregnant women, 244 (14.3%) had GDM, and 1464 (85.7%) did not. There was a statistically significant difference between these two groups in terms of age (P< 0.001), weight (P< 0.001), number of pregnancies (P< 0.001), delivery (P< 0.001), previous diseases (P< 0.001), and Rh (P= 0.01). While in terms of the ABO blood group system (P= 0.3) and abortion rate (P= 0.067), no statistically significant difference was observed.
Conclusion: Finally, we concluded that the frequency of the B+ blood group is higher in the GDM group, however, there is no statistically significant relationship between ABO blood groups and GDM.
Introduction: Patients, oral health care staff anddentists are exposed to infections and infectious microorganisms during dental imaging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and ...practice of general dentists in Yazd City about infection control during the preparation of intraoral radiographs.
Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study, examined the knowledge and practice of 81 active dentists in Yazd City who were selected based on convenience sampling method through a questionnaire. To analyze the data, SPSS 16 ,and Pearson's correlation coefficient as well as One-way ANOVA were used.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 36.45 ± 9.66 and their mean work experience was 10.03±8.28 years. The mean score of knowledge about infection control during intraoral radiographs was more than 50% and it was evaluated as moderate. There was no statistically significant difference between the mean score of dentists' knowledge in terms of gender (P=0.623), age (P=0.849), work experience (P=0.824) and the year of their graduation (P=0.860), but there was a statistically significant difference between the mean score of dentists' knowledge according to their university of study (P=0.015), so that Yazd School of Dentistry graduates had significantly less knowledge than graduates of other faculties.
Conclusion: Considering the importance of infection control in dental radiology and the mean score of dentists' knowledge in the present study, which was moderate, therefore, the need to improve dentists' awareness in this field is emphasized.
