Polyanion‐type phosphate materials are highly promising cathode candidates for next‐generation batteries due to their excellent structural stability during cycling; however, their poor conductivity ...has impeded their development. Isostructural and multivalent anion substitution combined with carbon coating is proposed to greatly improve the electrochemical properties of phosphate cathode in sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). Specifically, multivalent tetrahedral SiO44− substitute for PO43− in Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) lattice, preparing the optimal Na3.1V2(PO4)2.9(SiO4)0.1 with high‐rate capability (delivering a high capacity of 82.5 mAh g−1 even at 20 C) and outstanding cyclic stability (≈98% capacity retention after 500 cycles at 1 C). Theoretical calculation and experimental analyses reveal that the anion‐substituted Na3.1V2(PO4)2.9(SiO4)0.1 reduces the bandgap of NVP lattice and enhanced its structural stability, Na+‐diffusion kinetics and electronic conductivity. This strategy of multivalent and isostructural anion substitution chemistry provides a new insight to develop advanced phosphate cathodes.
Na3+xV2(PO4)3−x(SiO4)x (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.15) cathode materials are prepared via substitution of the inactive PO43− sites in Na3V2(PO4)3 with isostructural SiO44− anions. The substitution effects on crystal structure, electrochemical properties, Na+‐diffusion kinetics and electronic conductivity are systematically investigated. Multivalent and isostructural anionic substitution provides a new strategy for designing polyanionic materials of sodium‐ion batteries.
The graphite material from exhausted Li-ion batteries (LIBs) is reused as a favorable anode for Na-ion batteries (NIBs) and K-ion batteries (KIBs) through a recycling treatment. The optimized ...electrode delivers improved electrochemical performance, such as 162 mA h g −1 in NIBs at 0.2 A g −1 and 320 mA h g −1 in KIBs at 0.05 A g −1 . In addition, the insights into Na/K-ion de-/intercalation model evolution and corresponding electrochemical analysis are conducted through in operando X-ray diffraction and a series of other characterization methods, discovering a visible transitional stage for NIBs and an irreversible initial cycle phase transformation for KIBs. In a word, we not only provide a new recycling concept for waste graphite anodes but also carry out a series of significant intercalation mechanism studies, which contribute to anode recycling and shed light on the development of graphite material for promising alternative ion batteries.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common human malignancies. An increasing body of evidence has revealed the important roles long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) plays in the growth dynamics of CRC ...cells. In this study, we aimed to define the role of LINC00337 in the malignant phenotypes, especially angiogenesis, of CRC and clarify the underlying molecular basis. Bioinformatic analyses identified promoter region methylation of CNN1 in CRC, which was further validated by BSP and MSP assays. Loss- and gain- of function approaches were used to determine the roles of CNN1 and LINC00337 in vitro and in vivo. MTT-based method, Transwell migration/invasion assays, and tube formation assay were adopted to evaluate the cancer cell proliferation, migration/invasion, and proangiogenetic potency respectively in vitro. The tumor growth, microvascular density (MVD) and markers of proliferation (Ki67) and angiogenesis (VEGF) were quantified in nude mice xenografted with CRC cells. It was found that CNN1 downregulation and LINC00337 overexpression occurred in CRC tissues and cells. Besides, the CNN1 promoter region was hypermethylated in CRC. CNN1 overexpression or LINC00337 knockdown restricted CRC cell proliferation, migration/invasion, and proangiogenetic potency in vitro, which was substantiated by the in vivo experiments evidenced by facilitated tumor growth and MVD as well as elevated Ki67 and VEGF. Furthermore, our mechanistic evidence revealed that LINC00337 recruited DNMT1 to the promoter region of CNN1 and restricted the transcription of CNN1. Taken together, this study indicates that LINC00337 facilitates the tumorigenesis and angiogenesis in CRC via recruiting DNMT1 to inhibit the expression of CNN1.
Mixing polyanion cathode materials are promising candidates for the development of next-generation batteries, owing to their structural robustness and low-volume changes, yet low conductivity of ...polyanion hinders their practical capacity. Herein, the anion-site regulation is proposed to elevate the electrode kinetics and properties of polyanionic cathode. Multivalent anion P2O74− is selected to substitute the PO43− in Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) lattice and regulate the ratio of polyanion groups to prepare Na3+xV2(PO4)3−x(P2O7)x (NVPPx, 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.15) materials. The optimal Na3.1V2(PO4)2.9(P2O7)0.1 (NVPP0.1) material can deliver remarkably elevated specific capacity (104 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C, 60 mAh g−1 at 20 C, respectively), which is higher than those of NVP. Moreover, NVPP0.1 exhibits outstanding cyclic stability (91% capacity retention after 300 cycles at 1 C). Experimental analyses reveal that the regulation of anions improves the structure stability, increases the active Na occupancy in the lattice and accelerates the Na+ migration kinetics. The strategy of anion-site regulation provides the researchers a reference for the design of new high-performance polyanionic materials.
Anion-site regulation by substituting P2O74− to PO43− is achieved to prepare Na3+xV2(PO4)3-x (P2O7)x cathode materials, which improved working voltage and electrochemical properties. In addition, the theoretical and experimental analyses reveal the anionic manipulation mechanism of the P2O74−. Display omitted
We described an operation that co-overexpress interleukin receptor 1 (IL-1R1) and its co-receptor (IL-1R1AcP) genes in wild-type A375·S2 cells in order to increase their sensibility to IL-1. Firstly, ...laser scanning confocal microscope observed that IL-1R1 could be expressed on the surface of A375·S2 cells. qPCR was performed to estimate the ratio of two genes and result showed the ratio was almost 4.57:1. Then two genes were linked to vectors and co-transfected into A375·S2 cells. qPCR and Western blotting showed the protein content improved markedly. Finally, MTS assay was executed and the sensitivity of A375·S2 cells that co-transfected receptors to IL-1β increased significantly. Another MTS assay showed the cell activity variation changed significantly (
P
< 0.05) and the reliability of the experiment was high, indicating that cell line established in this study could be further used for the activity test of IL-1Ra.
Metallic lithium protection plays a crucial role on improving the electrochemical properties of Li-anode-based batteries. Herein, for an advanced Li//graphite dual-ion battery, constructing a robust ...and conductive film of carbon nanofibers on a Li anode effectively achieves dendrite-free Li growth and hence significantly enhances the long-life cyclic stability.
Following modification with a carbon nanofibers film, an advanced Li//graphite dual-ion battery shows superior cycle life with dendrite-free Li anode.
COVID-19 is an emerging disease that poses a severe threat to global public health. As such, there is an urgent demand for vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. Here, we ...describe a virus-like nanoparticle candidate vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 produced by an
expression system. The fusion protein of a truncated ORF2-encoded protein of aa 439~608 (p170) from hepatitis E virus CCJD-517 and the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein from SARS-CoV-2 were expressed, purified and characterized. The antigenicity and immunogenicity of p170-RBD were evaluated in vitro and in Kunming mice. Our investigation revealed that p170-RBD self-assembled into approximately 24 nm virus-like particles, which could bind to serum from vaccinated people (
< 0.001) and receptors on cells. Immunization with p170-RBD induced the titer of IgG antibody vaccine increased from 14 days post-immunization and was significantly enhanced after a booster immunization at 28 dpi, ultimately reaching a peak level on 42 dpi with a titer of 4.97 log
. Pseudovirus neutralization tests showed that the candidate vaccine induced a strong neutralizing antibody response in mice. In this research, we demonstrated that p170-RBD possesses strong antigenicity and immunogenicity and could be a potential candidate for use in future SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development.
The hydration of M-S-H prepared using silica fume (SF) and dead-burned MgO cured at 20 °C, 50 °C, and 80 °C was investigated, and the properties and performance of this M-S-H were measured. The ...formation of M-S-H was characterized using XRD, FTIR, TGA, and 29Si MAS-NMR. Results show that the compressive strength of paste prepared using MgO calcined at 1450 °C for 2 h reached 25 MPa after 28 d. The shrinkage of mortar made with low reactivity MgO was lower than that made with high reactivity MgO. The pH value of MgO/SF paste mixed with dead-burned MgO did not exceed 10.4 at room temperature. The shrinkage of M-S-H prepared using dead-burned MgO was less than that prepared using more active MgO, and its strength did not decrease over time. No (or only a small amount of) Mg(OH)2 was formed, which is why the strength of M-S-H prepared with dead-burned MgO continually increased, without decreasing. The promotion of curing temperature favor process of MgO hydration and is beneficial for degree of silica polymerization. The sample cured in 50 °C water showed the highest relative degree of reaction.
The morbidity associated with cancer has rapidly increased in recent years, and in the previous 5 years has had a tendency to be the leading cause of fatality compared with cardiovascular disease. ...Therefore, effective measures are required with an aim to reduce the incidence. Based on the results of clinical investigation, a multidisciplinary treatment strategy for cancer, which includes radiotherapy, chemotherapy, surgery, targeted therapy and immunotherapy, are prominently used in clinical practice. However, the therapies are insufficient due to multidrug resistance, adverse effects and the presence of the root of the cancer. Therefore, there is a necessity to develop more effective or adjunctive therapies for cancer prevention and treatment. Cancer is now widely recognized as a systemic humoral disease. Similarly, the function of herbal drugs is to modulate the whole body system in a more holistic way. Recently, herbal drugs have been applied to one of the efficient approaches for cancer therapy. Furthermore, there is evidence that various herbal medicines have been proven to be useful and effective in sensitizing the conventional agents against the various factors at the cellular and molecular levels that are associated with the occurrence of cancer and in prolonging survival time, alleviating side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy and improving the quality of life in cancer patients.
Sexual dysfunction (SD) in patients who suffer from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not attracted widespread attention, and thus research studies are scarce.
This study aims to evaluate the ...rates of SD in IBD compared with healthy individuals and elucidate the associated factors.
In this cross-sectional study, the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and the simplified version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) were filled by IBD patients, as well as healthy control individuals.
A total of 208 IBD patients, including 133 with Crohn's disease (CD) and 75 with ulcerative colitis (UC), and 190 healthy individuals filled out the questionnaires. In women, SD rates were 61.9% in the patients with IBD vs. 24.4% in the healthy controls (
< 0.01). In men, the rates of erectile dysfunction (ED) were 43.5% in the patients with IBD vs. 12.5% in the healthy controls (
< 0.01). Anxiety (OR, 3.092; 95%CI: 1.033-9.252,
= 0.044) and active perianal disease (OR, 4.481; 95%CI: 1.055-19.029,
= 0.042) were independent risk factors for SD in female IBD patients. age (OR, 1.050; 95%CI: 1.007-1.095,
= 0.022), depression (OR, 5.763; 95%CI: 1.864-17.821,
= 0.002) and active perianal disease (OR, 7.117; 95%CI: 1.747-28.983,
= 0.006) were independent risk factors for ED in male patients.
In the IBD patients, 62% of women reported having SD, and 44% of men reported having ED. These higher rates, as compared to the healthy controls, are mostly driven by active perianal disease and psychological factors.
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