Aims. We study the dependence of the profiles of molecular abundances and line emission on the accretion flow in the hot ($\ga$100 K) inner region of protoplanetary disks. Methods. The gas-phase ...reactions initiated by evaporation of the ice mantle on dust grains are calculated along the accretion flow. We focus on methanol, a molecule that is formed predominantly by the evaporation of warm ice mantles, to demonstrate how its abundance profile and line emission depend on the accretion flow. Results. Our results indicate that some evaporated molecules retain high abundances only when the accretion velocity is sufficiently high, and that methanol could be useful as a diagnostic of the accretion flow by means of ALMA observations at the disk radius of $\la$10 AU.
The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of treatment with taxane plus platinum in combination therapies for advanced or recurrent endometrial carcinoma.
Patients with ...measurable disease derived from histologically confirmed stage III/IV or recurrent endometrial carcinoma were randomly assigned to receive docetaxel plus cisplatin (DP), docetaxel plus carboplatin (DC), or paclitaxel plus carboplatin (TC) every 3 weeks until disease progression or adverse events prohibited further therapy. Among these regimens, the study evaluated the tumor response rate as the primary end point as well as toxicity.
Ninety patients were enrolled. Of them, 88 were eligible and consequently 29, 29, and 30 patients were randomly assigned to DP, DC, and TC, respectively. Tumor response rates were 51.7%, 48.3%, and 60.0% in DP, DC, and TC, respectively (P=0.65). The following toxic effects were observed: grade 3/4 neutropenia in 83.3%, 90.0%, and 76.6%; febrile neutropenia in 10.0%, 6.7%, and 3.3%; grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia in 6.7%, 10.0%, and 10.0%; grade 3/4 diarrhea in 13.3%, 3.3%, and 0%, respectively; and grade 3 neurotoxicity in 10.0% of TC. These toxicity profiles were not significantly different.
The taxane plus platinum combination therapies could be candidates in further phase III trials for endometrial carcinoma.
ABSTRACT We describe a large-scale far-infrared line and continuum survey of protoplanetary disk through to young debris disk systems carried out using the ACS instrument on the Herschel Space ...Observatory. This Open Time Key program, known as GASPS (Gas Survey of Protoplanetary Systems), targeted ∼250 young stars in narrow wavelength regions covering the OI fine structure line at 63 μm the brightest far-infrared line in such objects. A subset of the brightest targets were also surveyed in OI145 μm, CII at 157 μm, as well as several transitions of H2O and high-excitation CO lines at selected wavelengths between 78 and 180 μm. Additionally, GASPS included continuum photometry at 70, 100 and 160 μm, around the peak of the dust emission. The targets were SED Class II-III T Tauri stars and debris disks from seven nearby young associations, along with a comparable sample of isolated Herbig AeBe stars. The aim was to study the global gas and dust content in a wide sample of circumstellar disks, combining the results with models in a systematic way. In this overview paper we review the scientific aims, target selection and observing strategy of the program. We summarise some of the initial results, showing line identifications, listing the detections, and giving a first statistical study of line detectability. The OI line at 63 μm was the brightest line seen in almost all objects, by a factor of ∼10. Overall OI63 μm detection rates were 49%, with 100% of HAeBe stars and 43% of T Tauri stars detected. A comparison with published disk dust masses (derived mainly from sub-mm continuum, assuming standard values of the mm mass opacity) shows a dust mass threshold for OI63 μm detection of ∼10-5 M⊙. Normalising to a distance of 140 pc, 84% of objects with dust masses ≥10-5 M⊙ can be detected in this line in the present survey; 32% of those of mass 10-6-10-5 M⊙, and only a very small number of unusual objects with lower masses can be detected. This is consistent with models with a moderate UV excess and disk flaring. For a given disk mass, OI detectability is lower for M stars compared with earlier spectral types. Both the continuum and line emission was, in most systems, spatially and spectrally unresolved and centred on the star, suggesting that emission in most cases was from the disk. Approximately 10 objects showed resolved emission, most likely from outflows. In the GASPS sample, OI detection rates in T Tauri associations in the 0.3-4 Myr age range were ∼50%. For each association in the 5-20 Myr age range, ∼2 stars remain detectable in OI63 μm, and no systems were detected in associations with age >20 Myr. Comparing with the total number of young stars in each association, and assuming a ISM-like gas/dust ratio, this indicates that ∼18% of stars retain a gas-rich disk of total mass ∼1 MJupiter for 1-4 Myr, 1-7% keep such disks for 5-10 Myr, but none are detected beyond 10-20 Myr. The brightest OI objects from GASPS were also observed in OI145 μm, CII157 μm and CO J = 18 - 17, with detection rates of 20-40%. Detection of the CII line was not correlated with disk mass, suggesting it arises more commonly from a compact remnant envelope.
Highlights ► CA1 ensemble activity encoding context is detected during spatial exploration. ► CA1 ensemble activity encoding context is absent during fear memory retrieval. ► The variable CA1 ...ensemble activity may contribute to fear memory retrieval.
Objectives
Older patients receiving home medical care often have declining functional status and multiple disease conditions. It is important to identify the risk factors for care transition events ...in this population in order to avoid preventable transitions. In the present study, therefore, we investigated the factors associated with discontinuation of home medical care as a potentially preventable care transition event in older patients.
Methods
Baseline data for participants in the Observational study of Nagoya Elderly with HOme MEdical (ONEHOME) study and data on the mortality, institutionalization, or hospitalisation of the study participants during a 2-year follow-up period were used. Discontinuation of home care was defined as admission to a hospital for any reason, institutionalization, or death. Univariate and multivariate Cox hazard models were used to assess the association of each of the factors with the discontinuation of home care during the observational period. The covariates included in the multivariate analysis were those significantly associated with the discontinuation of home care at the level of P<0.05 in the univariate analysis.
Results
The univariate Cox hazard model revealed that a low hemoglobin level (< 11g/dL), low serum albumin level (< 3g/dL), higher Charlson Comorbidity Index score, and low Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form score (< 7) were significantly associated with the discontinuation of home care. A multivariate Cox hazard model including these four factors demonstrated that all four were independently associated with home-care discontinuation.
Conclusions
The present results demonstrated that anemia, hypoalbuminemia, malnourishment, and the presence of serious comorbidities were associated with the discontinuation of home medical care among low-functioning older patients.
Abstract
We analyze
12
CO(
J
= 2−1),
13
CO(
J
= 2−1), C
18
O (
J
= 2−1), and 1.3 mm continuum maps of the
ρ
Ophiuchi A photodissociation region (PDR) obtained with ALMA. Layered structures of the ...three CO isotopologues with an angular separation of 10″ = 6.6 × 10
−3
pc = 1400 au are clearly detected around the Be star, S1 (i.e., each front of emission shifts from the near to far side in order of
12
CO,
13
CO, and C
18
O). We estimate the spatial variations of
X
(
13
CO)/
X
(C
18
O) abundance ratios, and find that the abundance ratio is as high as 40 near the emission front, and decreases to the typical value in the solar system of 5.5 on a small angular scale of 4″ = 2.6 × 10
−3
pc = 560 au. We also find that the
I
(
12
CO(2−1))/
I
(
13
CO(2−1)) intensity ratio is very high (>21) in the flat-spectrum young stellar object, GY-51, located in the PDR. The enhancement of the ratios indicates that the UV radiation significantly affects the CO isotopologues via selective dissociation in the overall
ρ
Ophiuchi A PDR, and that the
ρ
Ophiuchi A PDR has a plane-parallel structure.
In this study, we selected 181 nematode glycogenes that are orthologous to human glycogenes and examined their RNAi phenotypes. The results are deposited in the Caenorhabditis elegans Glycogene ...Database (CGGDB) at AIST, Tsukuba, Japan. The most prominent RNAi phenotypes observed are disruptions of cell cycle progression in germline mitosis/meiosis and in early embryonic cell mitosis. Along with the previously reported roles of chondroitin proteoglycans, glycosphingolipids and GPI-anchored proteins in cell cycle progression, we show for the first time that the inhibition of the functions of N-glycan synthesis genes (cytoplasmic alg genes) resulted in abnormal germline formation, ER stress and small body size phenotypes. The results provide additional information on the roles of glycoconjugates in the cell cycle progression mechanisms of germline and embryonic cells.
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