Nowakowski J.K., Chruściel J., Muś K.: Does mist-netting provide reliable data to determine the sex and age ratios of migrating birds? A case study involving the Great Tit (Parus major) and the Blue ...Tit (Cyanistes caeruleus). Ekologia (Bratislava), Vol. 32, No. 2, p. 173-185 , 2013.
Ringing results of tits caught at two stations on the Polish Baltic coast were used to check if mistnetting could be successfully used to analyse the composition of sex and age classes of migrating birds. Four hypotheses are discussed, describing the distribution of age and sex classes during migration, and the consequences these distributions might have for the catching results. We analysed records of 59 000 Blue Tits and more than 84 000 Great Tits that were caught and we found a similarity in the results of catches at stations 188 km apart, and a higher similarity among catching sites 0.5-16 km apart. These results proved that mist-netting provides reliable data on the sex and age structure of migrating flocks, and that these data can generally be interpreted as representative for at least the area in a radius of more than 10 km. The results also showed a migratory divide through the central part of the Polish Baltic coastline between irruptive Blue Tits in the west and regular partial migrants in the east. Great Tits showed no tendency for irruptions anywhere in the study area. A high correspondence in the age and sex ratio was found for Great Tits and Blue Tits, in particular where both species are regular migrants. We found that the ratios of females and immatures did not differ by more than 1% over many years of study in these areas.
We report on the investigations of AlGaN/GaN field effect transistors with two lateral Schottky barrier gates on the sides of the two-dimensional electron gas. This kind of 'EdgeFET' allowed us to ...efficiently control the current flow in the 2DEG conduction channel. Moreover, due to depletion, regions at a certain range of reverse biasing form a nanowire, which is beneficial for the adjustable resonant THz detection. Our studies of DC characteristics and photoresponse in the sub-terahertz frequency confirm the validity of the approach.
About 10 μs after the Big Bang, the universe was filled—in addition to photons and leptons—with strong-interaction matter consisting of quarks and gluons, which transitioned to hadrons at ...temperatures close to kT = 150 MeV and densities several times higher than those found in nuclei. This quantum chromodynamics (QCD) matter can be created in the laboratory as a transient state by colliding heavy ions at relativistic energies. The different phases in which QCD matter may exist depend for example on temperature, pressure or baryochemical potential, and can be probed by studying the emission of electromagnetic radiation. Electron–positron pairs emerge from the decay of virtual photons, which immediately decouple from the strong interaction, and thus provide information about the properties of QCD matter at various stages. Here, we report the observation of virtual photon emission from baryon-rich QCD matter. The spectral distribution of the electron–positron pairs is nearly exponential, providing evidence for a source of temperature in excess of 70 MeV with constituents whose properties have been modified, thus reflecting peculiarities of strong-interaction QCD matter. Its bulk properties are similar to the dense matter formed in the final state of a neutron star merger, as apparent from recent multimessenger observation.
The aim of our study was to assess, in a laboratory experiment conducted in autumn, the effects of three diets differing in quality on food consumption, body mass, locomotor activity, and enzymatic ...activity in the bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus (Schreber, 1780), herbivorous-omnivorous species (Hansson 1971), common in forests throughout Europe. In captivity, they were fed standard mouse pellets, carrot, apple, sunflower seeds, and oats During 10 days preceding the experiment they were habituated to a natural diet - herbs and acorns found at that time in the Sekula forest.
Flow coefficients vn of the orders n = 1 – 6 are measured with the High-Acceptance Spectrometer (HADES) at GSI for protons, deuterons, and tritons as a function of centrality, transverse momentum, ...and rapidity in Au + Au collisions at √sNN = 2.4 GeV. Combining the information from the flow coefficients of all orders allows us to construct for the first time, at collision energies of a few GeV, a multidifferential picture of the angular emission pattern of these particles. It reflects the complicated interplay between the effect of the central fireball pressure on the emission of particles and their subsequent interaction with spectator matter. The high precision information on higher order flow coefficients is a major step forward in constraining the equation of state of dense baryonic matter.
The global polarization of Λ hyperons along the total orbital angular momentum of a relativistic heavy-ion collision is presented based on the high statistics data samples collected in Au+Au ...collisions at sNN=2.4 GeV and Ag+Ag at 2.55 GeV with the High-Acceptance Di-Electron Spectrometer (HADES) at GSI, Darmstadt. This is the first measurement below the strangeness production threshold in nucleon-nucleon collisions. Results are reported as a function of the collision centrality as well as a function of the hyperon's transverse momentum (pT) and rapidity (yCM) for the range of centrality 0–40%. We observe a strong centrality dependence of the polarization with an increasing signal towards peripheral collisions. For mid-central (20 – 40%) collisions the polarization magnitudes are 〈PΛ〉(%)=6.8±1.3(stat.)±2.1(syst.) for Au+Au and 〈PΛ〉(%)=6.2±0.4(stat.)±0.6(syst.) for Ag+Ag, which are the largest values observed so far. This observation thus provides a continuation of the increasing trend previously observed by STAR and contrasts expectations from recent theoretical calculations predicting a maximum in the region of collision energies about 3 GeV. The observed polarization is of a similar magnitude as predicted by 3D-fluid-dynamics and the UrQMD plus thermal vorticity model and significantly above results from the AMPT model.
This paper demonstrates for the first time a method for surface modification of a substrate material based on the generation of localized vortices of abrasive slurry using slender oscillating fibers. ...In experiments presented in this paper, the abrasive slurry is a water based suspension of 1 µm alumina particles. This is pumped onto, and flows across, the specimen surface. A fiber (typically 7 µm in diameter and between 3.5 to 5 mm long) is immersed into this flowing slurry and oscillated at frequencies around 30-40 kHz to produce a small rotational flow (vortex) that results in the locally accelerated particles. Using such a system, it has been possible, over machining times of 6-24 hours, to produced localized depressions in the surface of a silicon substrate with typical depths of around 60-700 nm and widths of around 10-300 µm. Based on these initial studies the material removal rate is estimated to be approximately 40 nm per hour. Using white light interferometry and stylus profilometry the surface deviations (roughness) of these features have a root mean square variation in the region 1-2 nm, which is comparable to that of the surface remote from the machined feature.
Comparative studies of Kohn–Sham orbitals (KSOs), Brueckner orbitals (BOs) represented by the Brueckner-coupled cluster orbitals, and Hartree–Fock (HF) orbitals have been carried out by means of ...criteria defined in terms of indices characterizing distances between various equidimensional subspaces spanned by these orbitals. It was found that the KSO–BO distances are smaller than the KSO–HF ones. The former distances decrease when proceeding from the local, through the gradient-corrected, to the hybrid exchange-correlation potentials. However, even for the latter potentials there are systems for which the KSO–BO distances are larger than the BO–HF ones. Therefore, it seems to be difficult to uphold the recent arguments concerning the closeness of Brueckner orbitals and Kohn–Sham orbitals, including those of schemes with purely local potentials.
PDF
