Since the publication of the Japanese "Guidelines for the management of cutaneous lymphomas" in 2011, the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of hematolymphoid neoplasms and the ...WHO-European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer classification for primary cutaneous lymphomas were updated and a number of novel systemic drugs for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma had been approved in Japan. In 2020, we revised the Japanese guidelines for the management of cutaneous lymphomas with consideration of the recent advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology and classification of cutaneous lymphomas together with the update of treatment strategies reflecting the advent of novel drugs. In addition to a brief explanation of epidemiology, diagnosis, staging system, prognosis and management of each subtype of cutaneous lymphomas, the recommendations for nine clinical questions regarding treatment options that can vary even among experts are also described. A systematic review process and determination of recommendations in answer to each clinical question have been performed in accordance with the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation scheme by a multidisciplinary expert panel consisting of dermatologists, a hematologist and a radiation oncologist. In this article, we present the outlines of the revised Japanese "Guidelines for the management of cutaneous lymphomas".
Nivolumab-induced thyroid dysfunction Tanaka, Ryota; Fujisawa, Yasuhiro; Maruyama, Hiroshi ...
Japanese journal of clinical oncology
46, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Nivolumab (ONO-4538) is an anti-programmed death-1 specific monoclonal antibody, which has become a standard treatment for metastatic malignant melanoma. Nivolumab induces autoimmune adverse events, ...defined as immune-related adverse events. Herein, we report a case of nivolumab-induced thyroid dysfunction in the clinical setting. Fourteen patients were treated with nivolumab at our institute, of which three developed thyroid dysfunction, an incidence higher than previously reported in the initial clinical trials. Interestingly, one patient achieved complete remission; suggesting that in some patients, the occurrence of immune-related adverse events, including thyroid dysfunction, might reflect the drug's antitumour efficacy. No patient died or discontinued nivolumab treatment owing to thyroid dysfunction. Although thyroid dysfunction first appeared to be asymptomatic, two of the three patients developed symptoms related to hypothyroidism soon after, requiring hormone replacement therapy. Another patient developed hyperthyroidism that was initially asymptomatic; the patient subsequently developed myalgia with fever >39.5°C after two additional courses of nivolumab. Treatment with nivolumab was therefore discontinued, and treatment with prednisolone was initiated. Symptoms resolved within a few days, and thyroid function normalized. Thyroid dysfunction is sometimes difficult to diagnose because its symptoms similar to those of many other diseases. In addition, thyroid-related immune-related adverse events may present with unique symptoms such as myalgia with high fever, abruptly worsening patients' quality of life. Consequently, thyroid dysfunction should be considered as a possible immune-related adverse event. Thus, it is important to test for thyroid dysfunction at baseline and before the administration of each nivolumab dose if possible.
Typical skin rash, which appears and disappears along with respective rise and fall of fever, is well-known, and included as one of the major criteria of adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) ...(Yamaguchi's criteria). In addition, various skin lesions are occasionally observed in association with AOSD. Persistent pruritic eruptions present with some clinical features, such as urticarial erythema, flagellate erythema, erythematous, slightly scaly or crusted papules, and/or plaques on the trunk and extremities. These lesions show unique histological features such as dyskeratosis with a peculiar, distinctive distribution in the upper epidermis and cornified layers with focal hyperkeratosis. We describe herein six cases of AOSD, which presented with skin lesions of persistent pruritic papules and plaques. All six cases were female, and three of them were elderly women. The patients presented with linear erythematous streaks, scaly erythema, keratotic papules, infiltrative plaques and irregular coalesced erythemas. By contrast, histological features were characteristic, and dyskeratotic cells were found in the horny layers as well as in the upper layers of the epidermis. Persistent pruritic eruption is an important cutaneous sign for the diagnosis of AOSD.
A 38-year-old male was admitted to our hospital for arthralgia, fever, skin rash, and purpura. He was diagnosed as having adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD) based on Yamaguchi’s criteria. Skin biopsy ...revealed immunoglobulin A (IgA) vasculitis. He was also found to have anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody-positive inflammatory arthritis on a shoulder joint, however he did not fulfill classification criteria for rheumatoid arthritis. Elevated serum cytokine such as serum IL-18 supported the diagnosis of AOSD. His symptoms improved with 40 mg of prednisolone plus cyclosporin A (200 mg/day). Two years after hospitalization, AOSD was relapsed with pleurisy and hyperferritinemia. Finally, he was diagnosed with multicyclic systemic type of AOSD complicated by IgA vasculitis and seropositivity of anti-CCP antibody. Clinicians need to consider the complication of multiple rheumatic diseases, even if the disease-specific autoantibody is positive.
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