Ten pentacyclic triterpenoids including a new multiflorane triterpene acid, 2α,3β,23-trihydroxymultiflor-7-en-28-oic acid (1), and a new lupane triterpene monoglucoside named akebiaoside C (2), were ...obtained from the leaves of
. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, and they were all isolated from the leaves of
for the first time. These compounds, except 4 and 5, showed
α-glucosidase inhibitory activity much stronger than acarbose. Especially, 2, 3, 6, 8 and 10 displayed
α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC
values from 0.004 to 0.081 mM, which were close or even more potent than corosolic acid (IC
0.06 mM). Triterpenoids 1, 8 and 10 were further revealed to show moderate
cytotoxic activity against human tumor A549, HeLa and HepG2 cell lines, with IC
values ranging from 26.5 to 51.9 μM. Compound 9 selectively showed
cytotoxicity toward HeLa and HepG2 cell lines, with IC
values of 81.49 and 73.47 μM, respectively. These findings provided new data to support that the leaves of
are a rich source in bioactive triterpenoids highly valuable to be developed for medicinal usage.
Four new germacrane sesquiterpene dilactones, 2
-hydroxyl-11
,13-dihydrodeoxymikanolide (
), 3
-hydroxyl-11
,13-dihydrodeoxymikanolide (
), 1
,3
-dihydroxy-4,9-germacradiene-12,8:15,6-diolide (
), ...and (11
,13-dihydrodeoxymikanolide-13-yl)-adenine (
), together with five known ones (
-
) were isolated from the aerial parts of
. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis. Compound
is featured with an adenine moiety in the molecule, which is the first nitrogen-containing sesquiterpenoid so far isolated from this plant species. These compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial activity against four Gram-(+) bacteria of
(
), methicillin-resistant
(
),
(
) and
(
), and three Gram-(-) bacteria of
(
),
(
), and
(
). Compounds
and
-
were found to show strong in vitro antibacterial activity toward all the tested bacteria with the MIC values ranging from 1.56 to 12.5 µg/mL. Notably, compounds
and
showed significant antibacterial activity against the drug-resistant bacterium of
with MIC value 6.25 µg/mL, which was close to reference compound vancomycin (MIC 3.125 µg/mL). Compounds
and
-
were further revealed to show in vitro cytotoxic activity toward human tumor A549, HepG2, MCF-7, and HeLa cell lines, with IC
values ranging from 8.97 to 27.39 μM. No antibacterial and cytotoxic activity were displayed for the other compounds. The present research provided new data to support that
is rich in structurally diverse bioactive compounds worthy of further development for pharmaceutical applications and for crop protection in agricultural fields.
The striking rise of methicillin-resistant
(MRSA) infections has become a serious threat to public health worldwide. In an effort to search for new anti-MRSA agents from natural products, a ...bioassay-guided phytochemical study was conducted on the semi-mangrove plant
A. Gray, which led to the isolation of two new sesquiterpene alkaloids (
and
) and six known furanosesquiterpenes (
⁻
). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive analysis of their 1D, 2D NMR and mass spectroscopic data. These two new alkaloids (
and
) displayed potent anti-MRSA activity with MIC value of 6.25 μg/mL. This is the first report of sesquiterpene alkaloids from the plants of
genus and their anti-MRSA activity.
To describe a technique to improve exposure of prostate during extraperitoneal robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (EP-RARP).
From March 2020 to June 2022, a total of 41 patients with prior ...intra-abdominal surgery underwent EP-RARP. Twenty-three patients improved exposure by traction of prostate through urinary catheter. The catheter traction prostatectomy (CTP) group was compared with the standard prostatectomy (SP) group using three robotic arms (18 patients) in terms of estimated blood loss (EBL), operative time, positive surgical margin rate, the recovery rate of urinary continence, Gleason score and postoperative hospital stays. Differences were considered significant when P < 0.05.
The operative time was lower in the CTP group (109.63 min vs. 143.20 min; P < 0.001). EBL in the CTP group was 178.26 ± 30.70 mL, and in the standard prostatectomy group, it was 347.78 ± 53.53 mL (P < 0.001). No significant differences with regard to postoperative hospital stay, recovery rate of urinary continence, catheterization time and positive surgical margin were observed between both groups. No intraoperative complications occurred in all the patients. After 6 months of follow-up, the Post-op Detectable prostate specific antigen was similar between the two groups.
CTP is a feasible, safe, and valid procedure in EP-RARP. Application of CTP improved the exposure of prostate, reduced operative time and blood loss in comparison with the conventional procedure.
Background For patients with prior intra-abdominal surgery or multiple arteries, the retroperitoneal robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (rRAPN) is a better choice. The renal ventral tumor poses an ...additional challenge due to poor tumor exposure. This study is determined to assess the feasibility of an internal traction technique (ITT) in rRAPN for the management of renal ventral tumors. Methods From November 2019 to March 2021, a total of 28 patients with renal ventral tumor underwent rRAPN. All patients had prior abdominal surgery or multiple arteries. The ITT group (20 patients), which improved the tumor exposure by traction of the kidney with suture, was compared with the traditional technique group (8 patients) in terms of warm ischemia time, estimated blood loss and postoperative hospital stay, retroperitoneal drainage, R.E.N.A.L. score, and serum creatinine. Differences were considered significant when P < 0.05. Results All rRAPN surgeries were successful without conversion to radical nephrectomy or open partial nephrectomy. The warm ischemia time was lower in the ITT group (17.10 min vs. 24.63 min; P < 0.05). Estimated blood loss in the traditional technique group was 324.88 + or - 79.42 mL, and in the ITT group, it was 117.45+ or -35.25 mL (P < 0.05). No significant differences with regard to postoperative hospital stay, retroperitoneal drainage, R.E.N.A.L. score, and serum creatinine were observed between both groups. Surgical margins were negative and no intraoperative complications occurred in all the patients. After 10 months of follow-up, no recurrence or metastasis occurred in all cases. Conclusion ITT is a feasible, safe, and valid procedure in rRAPN for renal ventral tumors. Application of ITT improved the exposure and reduces warm ischemic time in comparison with the conventional procedure. Keywords: Robotic surgery, Partial nephrectomy, Renal ventral tumor, Retroperitoneal
Three new thymol derivatives, 7-formyl-9-isobutyryloxy-8-hydroxythymol (1), 7,9-di-isobutyryloxy-8,10-dehydrothymol (2) and 2α-methoxyl-3β-methyl-6-methylol-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran (3), along with five ...known ones (4-8), were isolated from the aerial parts of the invasive plant
. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis and they were all isolated from the aerial part of
for the first time. These compounds, except 8, selectively showed
antimicrobial activity against three Gram-(+) and two Gram-(-) bacterial strains. In particular, compounds 1 and 5 showed notable
antimicrobial activity against all five bacterial strains with IC
values ranging from 3.9 to 15.6 μg mL
, as compared to reference compound kanamycin sulfate with a MIC value 1.9-3.9 μg mL
. Compounds 1 and 5 were further revealed to show
cytotoxic activity against three tested human tumor (MCF-7, NCI-H460 and HeLa) cell lines, with IC
values ranging from 7.45 to 28.63 μM. Compounds 7 and 8 selectively showed slight but detectable
cytotoxicity toward MCF-7 and NCI-H460 cell lines, with IC
values 44.65-83.19 μM. No cytotoxic effects were detected in the bioassay of the other four thymol derivatives. The present results provide new data to support that the aerial parts of
are a rich source of bioactive chemicals valuable in medicinal applications.
Six coumarin derivatives including two new, 2-acetyl-4-hydroxy-6H-furo2,3-gchromen-6-one (1) and 2-(1',2'-dihydroxypropan-2'-yl)-4-hydroxy-6H-furo2,3-gchromen-6-one (2), and four known ones, 7H-furo ...3,2-g1benzopyran-7-one (3), esculetin (4), isoscopoletin (5) and 7,8-dihydroxy-6-methoxycoumarin (6), were isolated for the first time from the whole plant of Spermacoce latifolia. Their structures were determined by detailed spectroscopic analysis and comparison with literature reported data. In vitro antibacterial assay indicated that compounds 1, 2 and 4 were active toward bacteria Staphyloccocus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus with MIC values ranging from 7.81 to 62.5 ug/mL.
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•Two new coumarin derivatives (1 and 2) were isolated from Spermacoce latifolia.•Four known compounds (3−6) were also obtained from S. latifolia for the first time.•The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic means.•Compounds 1, 2 and 4 showed moderate or slight antibacterial activity.
An MCU-based sensor calibration system is proposed, which mainly employs particle swarm optimization (PSO)-back propagation (BP) neural network. The system firstly reads sensor data through I2C bus ...and then uses the BP neural network and PSO algorithm to automatically calibrate these data in real time. Sigmoid activation function was implemented via a piecewise polynomial fitting. The proposed calibration system achieves high precision and low hardware resource consumption.
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•An MCU-based sensor calibration system employs PSO-BP neural network.•The system reads sensor data through I2C bus and then calibrates these data in real time.•Sigmoid activation function was implemented via a piecewise polynomial fitting.•The system achieves high precision with low hardware resource consumption.
High precision and smart sensors make up an indispensable data entry for the Internet of Things technology. Nonetheless, conventional calibration algorithms mainly implemented on the software, such as least squares, polynomial fitting, and interpolation, exhibit limited calibration accuracy that does not reflect a real-time measurement of the sensors. The problem can be resolved with an MCU-based sensor calibration system proposed herein, which mainly employs particle swarm optimization (PSO)-back propagation (BP) neural network. The system firstly reads sensor data through I2C bus and then uses the BP neural network and PSO algorithm to automatically calibrate these data in real time. Sigmoid activation function was implemented via a piecewise polynomial fitting to create a trade-off between hardware resource and precision. A performance test conducted on temperature sensors showed a maximum error of 0.16 °C within the measurement range of −40–100 °C with three times the standard deviation (3σ) error of ±0.23 °C and overall linearity of 0.1143% after the calibration system was added as compared to the significantly higher error of ±0.63 °C without the calibration.
Narrow-band tunable optical filters (TOF) based on three cascaded Fabry-Perot (FP) cavities are demonstrated. The FP cavities are fabricated with Pb(Mg
Nb
)O
-PbTiO
(PMN-PT), which is a transparent ...electro-optic ceramic. With a reflective design, the optical signal passes the three FP cavities twice. Thus we can design the FP cavities with a relatively low reflectivity, which enables it more tolerant to the loss in the cavities. Two types of TOF samples are fabricated. The specifications of the transmissive type TOF with dual-ports are tuning range >48nm, FWHM (full width half maximum) <0.06nm, insertion loss <3.87dB, crosstalk <-39dB, which meet the requirements by optical performance monitor (OPM) applications. The specifications of the reflective type TOF with single-port are tuning range >48nm, FWHM (full width half maximum) <0.1nm, insertion loss <2.82dB, crosstalk <-30dB, which can be employed in tunable fiber lasers for wavelength selection and tuning.
•The OCF system can effectively and rapidly remove SBX from aqueous solution.•The decomposition of SBX accompanies with moderate diminution of CCOD.•ηCOD increases with increasing ozonation ...time.•Decomposition of SBX and formation of S2−, SO42−.•The removal efficiency of COD can be reflected by the variation of ORP in aqueous solution.
In this study, ozonator combined with flotator (OCF) have been applied to treat the mineral processing wastewater. The process efficiency has been evaluated in the bench scale. Removing xanthate from aqueous solution was conducted by OCF. In all cases, the butyl xanthate concentration in the treated water was found to be negligible (<0.42mgL−1). The experiments were preceded under different reaction conditions to study the ozonation time and pH on the oxidation of butyl xanthate. The concentration of butyl xanthate and sulfide are analyzed at special time intervals to elucidate the decomposition of butyl xanthate. In addition, oxidation reduction potential and pH are continuously measured in the course of experiments. Chemical oxygen demand is chosen as a mineralization index of the ozonation of butyl xanthate. The degradation mechanism between butyl xanthate and ozone has been discussed. The OCF technology showed to be an efficient process, which requires ozone and flotator, and the treated water ended up with a very low residual concentration of xanthate and COD. It can be inferred from ultraviolet spectrum, HPLC-MS and COD measurement that SO42− is produced. The COD of butyl xanthate solution declined dramatically, the removal rate of COD reached 72.21% when ozonation time is 60min. And the biodegradability (BOD/COD) of butyl xanthate solution increased markedly and shifted from 0.251 to 0.361. It is believed that this ozonation–flotation technique, here named OCF, using ozonator and flotator has a high potential as a alternative method for pollutants removal (flotation reagents, such as butyl xanthate) form waste mining effluents.
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