Suceava city is a territory under the urban heat island effect that leads to warm runoffs into small urban streamwaters that are highly impacted by the thermal pollution due to a combination of the ...small stream discharge and important runoff from impervious urban surfaces. This research detects the frequency and specificities of temperature surges in the Suceava city metropolitan area–40 surges were certainly identified in ~2 years-long time series. We analyzed the diurnal cycles of the stream temperature and correlated the atmospheric precipitation with some heated surface runoffs that resulted in aperiodic increases in the stream temperature. The high variability of rainfalls in the urban area meant that the stream temperature surges occurred rarely in all streams during the same rainfall event, despite the small distances between the watersheds (1–5 km between adjacent water monitoring points). The surges lasted up to 10 h and had an amplitude of up to 5.2 °C; they usually lasted 3.9–5.6 h after 5.8–7.7 mm rainfalls, causing temperature peaks of 0.5–1.4 °C. Additionally, they were easier to detect in the Cetăţii Creek due to its colder-than-natural waters during the warm season—a result of important wastewater discharge. Overall, the surges occurred mostly during the warm and wet semester of the year (87.5%) and especially during the summer (50%). Because Suceava is an average Romanian city, our findings could be taken into account as relevant data at least for cities located in the Moldavian Plateau.
The air ionisation in Suceava Metropolitan Area PRISACARIU, Alin; MIHĂILĂ, Dumitru; BISTRICEAN, Petruț-Ionel
Present Environment and Sustainable Development,
01/2023, Letnik:
17, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
This study is the first of its kind, conducted for a city and its surroundings, in Romania. The air ionisation monitoring for Suceava Metropolitan Area (SvMA) was carried out with the PC Connectable ...Highly Accurate Air Ion Counter Tester COM-3200PRO II, in 34 points from SvMA (Suceava Metropolitan Area), in four time sequences of the year (January, March, July and November), in different parts of the day (morning, afternoon and evening), on active surfaces differentiated in properties (from anthropogenic to natural). The annual average value of the positive (n+) ion levels at the SvMA monitoring points was 576.6 ions/cm-3. The annual average of negative (n-) ions at the monitoring points in SvMA in 2022 was 379.5 ions/cm-3. The study shows an annual regime of n- levels which has specifically a maximum in July (598.6 ions/cm-3) and an annual regime of n+, which has a minimum in the same month (415.3 ions/cm-3). The unipolarity coefficient (k) had a value of 1.52 for the whole of SvMA for the year 2022, ranging from 5.8 in January to 0.73 in July. The lowest k values were calculated for the observation points located in the rural localities from the vicinity of the urban perimeter of Suceava and for the natural ones from the municipality.
This study captures for 6 days in May and August 2022 (time interval 8:00 AM-8:00 PM) the atmospheric levels of positive and negative ions in the atmosphere of three balneoclimatic resorts in ...north-eastern Romania (Solca, Cacica and Gura Humorului), in correlation with the values of meteorological elements of those days. The concentration of aeroions was measured hourly, in 2+2 days, in a characteristic point of each resort and on September 15, 2022 in 3 points / levels of Cacica salt mine. With average values of aeroion levels above 1000 / cc (1054 / cc at Solca, 1069 / cc at Gura Humorului and 1468 / cc at Cacica) the atmosphere of these resorts can be therapeutically exploited by aeroionotherapy. In the Cacica salt mine the aeroelectric potential is very high, here the total aeroion load varied between 9,026.5 and 11,464.5 aeroions/cc. The unipolarity coefficient (k) had average values of 0.72 at Solca, 0.9 at Cacica and 0.97 at Gura Humorului, indicating in all three resorts a quality air with therapeutic properties. In the Cacica salt mine the average value of the unipolarity coefficient was 1.26, with slight variations from one room to another.
This study analyzes for the first time uniformly and causally the level of pollution and air quality for the NE-Romania Region, one of the poorest region in the European Union. Knowing the level of ...pollution and air quality in this region, which can be taken as a benchmark due to its positional and economic-geographical attributes, responds to current scientific and practical needs. The study uses an hourly database (for five pollutants and five climate elements), from 2009 to 2020, from 19 air quality monitoring stations in northeastern Romania. Pollutant levels were statistically and graphically/cartographically modeled for the entire 2009–2020 interval on the distributive-spatial and regime, temporal component. Inter-station differences and similarities were analyzed causally. Taking advantage of the emergency measures between March 16 and May 14, 2020, we observed the impact of the event on the regional air quality in northeastern Romania. During the emergency period, the metropolitan area of Suceava (with over 100,000 inhabitants) was quarantined, which allowed us to analyze the impact of the quarantine period on the local air quality. We found that, in this region, air quality falls into class I (for NO2, SO2 and CO), II for O3 and III for PM10. During the lockdown periods NO2 and SO2 decreased for the entire region by 8.6 and 14.3%, respectively, and in Suceava by 13.9 and 40.1%, respectively. The causes of the reduction were anthropogenic in nature.
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•The study examines the air quality for a relevant period in the NE Region of Romania, one of the poorest region of UE.•The NO2 and SO2 levels framed the RNER in the 1st class of air quality while the O3 and PM10 showed a decrease of air quality at 2nd and 3rd class.•During the first pandemic NO2 and SO2 declined by 8.6 and 14.3% in RNER.•In Suceava the NO2 and SO2 levels declined by 13.9 and 40.1% compared to the reporting benchmark interval.
Ionising radiation from different environments (sun, celestial bodies, soil and geological substrate, etc.) influences the whole living world as a hidden factor. About 87% of the radiation dose ...received by humans is due to natural radiation. It is essential to assess radiation doses in order to control possible health effects from such natural sources. In this context we were interested in assessing the atmospheric radioactivity in Suceava Metropolitan Area by performing an experimental field monitoring with gamma dose monitoring, between 15 - 17 July 2021, and an analysis based on gamma dose rate measurements, global specific beta activity and radon/thoron emissions in the period (2009 - 2020) performed by the Environmental Radioactivity Monitoring Laboratory of Suceava Environmental Protection Agency. The obtained results for the external gamma dose, on hourly data show that the warning threshold of 0.250 Svh-1 was exceeded, on cumulative annual data the external gamma dose rate was between 0.53 mSv in 2012 and 0.97 mSv in 2019, so it did not rise above the threshold of 1 mSv, the threshold from which health problems may occur. For atmospheric aerosols the warning threshold of 10 Bq m-3 was not exceeded in any case, and for atmospheric deposition (on the ground) the maximum in observations rose to 61.3 Bq m-3, less than 1/3 of the warning threshold value of 200 Bq m-3. The assessment of Radon and Thoron emissions showed a maximum of 28.4 Bq m-3, a quarter of the human health threshold of 100 Bq m-3.
The widespread availability of Land Surface Temperature (LST) data from various sources presents a contemporary challenge for urban climate studies: how to efficiently compare these data with the ...results of traditional methods of temperature monitoring, which typically assume measurements at 2 m under sheltered conditions. In this line, the current study is based primarily on data extracted from a network of 31 points of hourly temperature monitoring at the 2 m level (Tair2m), in use between 2019 and 2021, in the city of Suceava in north-eastern Romania. These data allowed a detailed mapping for each hourly time step through multiple regression, adjusted by IDW, which was identified as the best interpolation method of Tair2m. These data were analyzed in parallel with LST data derived from Landsat imagery available in the analyzed period for 35 summer days with no or low cloud cover. The mapping results of both the Tair2m and LST data describe the main characteristics of the Suceava urban agglomeration (SvMA) heat island, which presents polynuclear features with intensities—as expressed by the temperature difference between the cores of the heat island and the surrounding rural areas—spanning during the summer noontime between 3.0 °C based on Tair2m and 7.1 °C on LST, respectively. The values of the Tair2m–LST differences were 0.68 °C on average, ranging from 5.33 to −19.17 °C, directly proportional to the imperviousness ratio (IMD) values, reaching the highest values in the local climate zones (LCZs) with a high built-up ratio (up to −19.17 °C) and the lowest (0.5 ÷ −0.5 °C) for those with bare soils, with isolated bushes and trees, with few or no buildings. The study results could serve as a tool to downscale the LST data to the level of Tair2m, which is useful for interpretation of the data derived from these commonly used tools in urban climate monitoring.
Cities alter the thermal regime of urban rivers in very variable ways which are not yet deciphered for the territory of Romania. The urban heat island of Suceava city was measured in 2019 and its ...impact on Suceava River was assessed using hourly and daily values from a network of 12 water and air monitoring stations. In 2019, Suceava River water temperature was 11.54 °C upstream of Suceava city (Mihoveni) and 11.97 °C downstream (Tişăuţi)—a 3.7% increase in the water temperature downstream. After the stream water passes through the city, the diurnal thermal profile of Suceava River water temperature shows steeper slopes and earlier moments of the maximum and minimum temperatures than upstream because of the urban heat island. In an average day, an increase of water temperature with a maximum of 0.99 °C occurred downstream, partly explained by the 2.46 °C corresponding difference between the urban floodplain and the surrounding area. The stream water diurnal cycle has been shifted towards a variation specific to that of the local air temperature. The heat exchange between Suceava River and Suceava city is bidirectional. The stream water diurnal thermal cycle is statistically more significant downstream due to the heat transfer from the city into the river. This transfer occurs partly through urban tributaries which are 1.94 °C warmer than Suceava River upstream of Suceava city. The wavelet coherence analyses and ANCOVA (analysis of covariance) prove that there are significant (0.95 confidence level) causal relationships between the changes in Suceava River water temperature downstream and the fluctuations of the urban air temperature. The complex bidirectional heat transfer and the changes in the diurnal thermal profiles are important to be analysed in other urban systems in order to decipher in more detail the observed causal relationships.
The present study presents the evolutions of the main climatic elements (air temperature, relative humidity of the air, the nebulozity, the shine duration of the Sun, atmospheric precipitation and ...winds) between 1961-2018 and the probability of local agricultural activities in Cotnari area, under growing conditions. the vulnerability of the environmental components to the variability of the climatic elements. The Cotnari area is located in the transition zone the Plateau of Suceava towards the Moldavia Plain, between the Ruginoasa - Tg. Frumos to the south and Bucecea - Botoşani, to the north. Climatically, Cotnari is located at the intersection of Eastern European air masses specific to the Moldavian Plain, characterized by hot and dry summers, cold winters with cold winds and Scandinavian-Baltic influences specific to the Suceava Plateau, characterized by cool summers and cold winters 3. The average values of the main climatic elements calculated for the period 1961-2018 are of 9.6 ° C for the air temperature, 520mm the average amount of atmospheric precipitation, the relative humidity of the air of 76% the dominance of the winds from the northwest (31%) and the longer duration of Sun shine in the northern Moldovan area of 2140 hours/year. Elementary climatic conditions for the phenological regime of local agricultural plants and the scientific explanation of the cultivation of native white vine species on Cătălina Hill: Grasă of Cotnari, Frâncușa, Fetească Albă, Chardonnay, Sauvignon, Pinot gris, Pink Traminer, Tămâioasa, Muscat Ottonel.
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