Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is arguably the most ubiquitous and hazardous, even at very low levels, starting in early life. The objective of this study was to describe the state of ...research and future trends on ETS exposure and Children's Health (CH) topics with bibliometrics and altmetrics.
An electronic search was performed in Scopus database on January 31, 2023. Consensus was arrived on 100 most-cited articles by two reviewers. These papers were then cross matched with citations harvested from Web of Science (WoS) and Google Scholar. Altmetric Attention Score (AAS) and Dimension counts were also collected. Analysis and network visualization of authors, countries, and keywords were generated using VOSviewer software.
Among a total of 1107 articles published on ETS and CH, the 100 top-cited articles appeared in 54 journals, with Pediatrics (n = 12) contributing a maximum number of articles. The time period between 2000 and 2009 accounted for 44% of all publications. With respect to the research design employed across these studies, cross-sectional design took precedence over others accounting for approximately 40%. Predominantly, articles focused on childhood asthma; however, current research trends have shifted towards emerging fields such as children's oral health and DNA methylation. Twitter, policy documents, and news outlets were the main platforms where outputs were discussed. The AAS was not associated with journal impact factor or access type. Weak correlations were observed between AAS and citation count in Scopus, WoS, and Google Scholar (r = 0.17 to 0.27) while a positive association existed between dimension count and the number of citations across all three databases (r = 0.84 to 0.98).
This study demonstrates the evolution, digital dissemination and research hotspots in the field of ETS and CH, predicting the possible future research directions. High-quality studies with more specific exposure classification are warranted to better understand the relationship between ETS and CH.
Identification of the association between Early Childhood Caries (ECC) and Iron Deficiency Anaemia (IDA) will aid paediatricians and paediatric dentists to enhance health promotion measures to reduce ...the related morbidity in children. This systematic review aims to determine an evidence-based association between ECC and IDA. A systematic search was carried out from MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE, LILACS, Cochrane Oral Health Group’s Specialized Register, CINAHL via EBSCO, Web of Science, and Scopus up to May 2020. Hand searching and grey literature screening were also conducted. Cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies in English language which assessed the association was included. Two reviewers independently assessed the study quality and extracted the outcome data. A total of 1,434 studies were identified. Fourteen studies qualified for qualitative review and 7 of them for a meta-analysis. In comparison with children not affected by ECC, those affected had an increased likelihood of IDA (OR = 6.07 3.61, 10.21). The meta-analysis showed no statistical difference when comparing blood parameters (Hb, MCV, and serum ferritin) in children with and without ECC. This systematic review demonstrates an association between ECC and increased odds of IDA rather than it being the cause for IDA. Further longitudinal studies with robust methodology are required to determine an evidence-based association.
IntroductionPrenatal and postnatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has been linked with early childhood caries (ECC), but the specific molecular mechanisms and pathways remain largely ...unknown. The Caries Risk from exposure to Environmental tobacco Smoke (CARES) within the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network (HAPIN) study aims to establish the association between ETS and ECC by employing epidemiological and novel biomarker-based approaches. Here, we outline the overall design and rationale of the project.Methods and analysisWe will leverage the infrastructure and data from the HAPIN trial (India) to mount the CARES study. In this ambidirectional cohort study, children (n=735, aged: 3–5 years) will undergo ECC examination by a trained dentist using standard criteria and calibrated methods. Structured questionnaires will be used to gather information on sociodemographic variables, dietary habits, oral hygiene, oral health-related quality of life and current exposure to ETS. We will collect non-invasive or minimally invasive biospecimens (i.e., saliva, buccal cells, dried blood spots and urine) from a subset of HAPIN children (n=120) to assess a battery of biomarkers indicative of exposure to ETS, early biological effect and epigenetic modifications. Both self-reported and objective measures of ETS exposure collected longitudinally during in utero and early postnatal periods will be accessed from the HAPIN database. We will apply current science data techniques to assess the association and interrelationships between ETS, ECC, and multiple biomarkers.Ethics and disseminationInformation gathered in this research will be published in peer-reviewed journals and summaries will be shared with the key stakeholders as well as patients and their parents/guardians involved in this study. Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research Ethics Board has approved the study protocol (IEC-NI22/JUL/83/82).Trial registration number NCT02944682.
In recent years, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have garnered considerable attention as a promising material for biomedical applications because of their unique optical and biological properties. In this ...study, CQDs were derived from the leaves of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn. via microwave-assisted technique and characterized using different techniques such as ultraviolet-visible, Fourier transform infrared, fluorescence spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Subsequently, their potential for biomedical applications was investigated through in vitro assays assessing scratch healing, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and cytotoxicity properties. It was found that the CQDs were fluorescent, polycrystalline, quasi-spherical, ~ 12 nm in size with presence of -OH and -COOH groups on their negatively charged surfaces, and demonstrated good anti-inflammatory by inhibiting protein denaturation, cyclooxygenase-2 and regulating inflammatory cytokines. The CQDs also exhibited antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus cereus, good biocompatibility, along with excellent promotion of cell proliferation in vitro, indicating their potential as a anti-inflammatory and wound healing material. The properties were more enhanced than their precursor, H. rosa-sinensis leaf extract. Hence, the CQDs synthesized from the leaves of H. rosa-sinensis can serve as a potential biomedical agent.
Introduction: Genetic polymorphisms of genes regulating amelogenesis can alter susceptibility to Early Childhood Caries (ECC). This systematic review aims to analyze associations between ...single-nucleotide polymorphisms of enamel formation genes and ECC. Methods: Search was conducted across PUBMED, CINAHL, LILACS, SCOPUS, EMBASE, Web of Science, Genome-Wide Association Studies databases from January 2003 to September 2022. This was supplemented by hand search. Totally 7124 articles were identified and 21 articles that satisfied the inclusion criteria proceeded to data extraction. Quality assessment was done using the Q-Genie tool. Results: Quantitative synthesis revealed that homozygous genotype AA of rs12640848 was significantly higher in children with ECC with an odds ratio of 2.36. Gene-based analysis revealed significant association between six variants of AMBN, four variants of KLK4, two variants of MMP20, and a single variant of each of MMP9 and MMP13 genes and ECC. The Bonferroni corrected-log10 P value of amelogenesis gene Cluster was 2.25 (0.05/88 = 5.6 × 10−4). Search Tool for Retrieval of Interacting Genes and Proteins plot constructed to comprehend the protein-protein interaction revealed the presence of four functional clusters. Gene function prediction using Multiple Association Network Integration Algorithm revealed that physical interaction between these genes was 69.3%. Conclusion: Polymorphisms of genes regulating amelogenesis can influence the susceptibility to ECC. AA genotype of rs12640848 may increase the susceptibility to ECC. Gene-based analysis revealed a significant association between multiple polymorphisms of genes regulating amelogenesis and ECC.
The surgical removal of impacted lower third molars produces a significant degree of trauma to the soft tissue and bony structures of the oral cavity, which can initiate considerable inflammatory ...reaction. Consequently, patient experiences pain, swelling, hemorrhage, nerve paraesthesia, limited mouth opening etc. The kinesiologic tape (KT) can help with blood and lymphatic circulation and has shown acceptable outcomes in reducing pain and in managing post-operative muscle spasm.
The study was aimed to compare the effects of kinesiologic tape on post operative pain, swelling and trismus following surgical removal of mandibular third molar when compared to control group. 15 patients with bilaterally impacted mandibular third molar were included in the split mouth study. One side was randomly assigned as Group A where patient's face was subjected to Kinesio tape application post extraction. The other was Group B where Kinesio tape was not applied. After extraction each patient was evaluated in terms of post op pain, swelling and trismus in post-op day 1,2 and 7
.
The pain was found to be significantly less (p = 0.042) in group A when compared to group B on the first day. The mean pain was 5.07 in KT group and 6.20 in No KT group on day 2
. Post OP Swelling was statistically significantly less (p < 0.01) in Group A on 2
& 3
day. The postoperative mouth opening was more from the 2
day in group A with mean of 26.07 mm and 20.33 mm in group B (p < 0.01).
The kinesiologic taping originates from sports medicine, but can also used therapeutically for reducing post operative sequelae as demonstrated in our study. Kinesiologic tape (KT) enables patients to have a comfortable time post-operatively and helps to regain better quality of life.
Registered in Clinical Trial Registry-India. Registration number-CTRI/2021/05/033359, registration date - 04/05/2021.
Background
Bibliometric analysis aids to quantify the research prolificacy. The citation count acquired by a scientific article is one of the measures of its influence within a field.
Aim
To employ ...bibliometrics to offer a quantitative‐qualitative analysis of publications on early childhood caries (ECC) published between 1950 and 2019.
Design
Two researchers independently read all the titles and s of articles retrieved from Scopus database on 16 October 2019. The articles were categorized according to citation and study characteristics. Collaboration network amongst authors, countries, and keywords were generated using VOSviewer software.
Results
Amongst a total of 10 578 articles published on ECC, 100 most cited articles were sorted. The top‐cited articles appeared in 34 journals, with Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology journal (n = 18) contributing maximum number of articles. The papers originated from 25 countries, with the United States (n = 54) accounting for largest number. Amid the papers with high levels of evidence, 11 were systematic reviews and 8 were randomized clinical trials. The topic most commonly addressed was aetiology/associated factors (63%). Amongst a total of 990 keywords, ‘dental caries' appeared 89 times.
Conclusion
The findings of this paper will help researchers, academicians, and students for appropriate article referrals for evidence‐based clinical decision‐making.
Background: We aimed to determine the fluoride release and fluoride-recharging ability of a sealant containing surface pre-reacted glass (S-PRG) ionomer filler particles (BeautiSealant) with a ...fluoride-releasing resin sealant (Helioseal F), and a glass-ionomer sealant (Fuji VII). Materials and Methodology: Forty-eight disc-shaped specimens of each material were immersed in deionized water to determine the fluoride release utilizing a fluoride ion-selective electrode. After 21 days, 8 specimens were soaked in 0.22% Sodium Fluoride solution for 2 min; 8 specimens were coated with 1.23% Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride (APF) gel for 4 min, and the fluoride-recharging ability was evaluated for 40 days. Data were analyzed using one way-ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests. Results: Total fluoride release over the 21-day period was: Fuji VII > BeautiSealant > Helioseal F, (P = 0.000). After refluoridation of the specimens with 0.22% Sodium Fluoride solution, the cumulative fluoride release during the 40-day period for each material was: BeautiSealant > Fuji VII > Helioseal (P = 0.000). After exposure to 1.23% APF gel, the cumulative fluoride release during the 40-day period for each material was: BeautiSealant > Fuji VII > Helioseal F (P = 0.000). Conclusion: Glass ionomer-based sealants (Fuji VII) exhibited higher initial fluoride release whilst the surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer filler containing sealant (BeautiSealant) demonstrated superior fluoride recharging properties.
The Cusp of Carabelli (CoC) is the most commonly occurring dental morphological trait.
To provide a pancontinental overview on the prevalence of the CoC in primary maxillary second molars and ...permanent maxillary molars.
An electronic search was conducted on ten databases without year restrictions up to July 2020. All cross-sectional studies published in the English language reporting prevalence estimate of CoC were included. A modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess study quality. Meta-analyses were conducted for studies that reported data using Dahlberg and ASUDAS classification across continents.
For qualitative synthesis, 142 studies (45,327 participants) were included, of which 130 studies had moderate risk of bias. Random effects meta-analysis was performed for 41 studies. For prevalence of CoC in primary maxillary second molars, the estimate was 72% (2,829 participants). The overall percentage attained for permanent maxillary molars was 59% (16,607 participants) for first molars; 8% (2,277 participants) for second molars; and 10% (89 participants) for third molars. Subgroup analysis revealed the European continent reported the highest prevalence in permanent maxillary first and second molars.
Primary maxillary second molars recorded highest prevalence of CoC followed by permanent maxillary first, third and second molars. Pancontinental studies with regard to primary maxillary second molars are warranted.
The purpose of this study was to assess the total phenol content and invitro antiurolithiatic activity of Hibiscus cannabinus extract and various fractions. Kidney stones are one of the most painful ...and prevalent urinary tract disorders. Drug treatment and Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) are used to treat kidney stones. Instead of dissolving the stone, these treatments may cause acute renal damage and an increase in stone production. Phenolic compounds show the best stone dissolution rate, i.e., they could dissolve calcium oxalate stones. In the present research Hibiscus cannabinus phenolic fraction was tested for its capacity to dissolve calcium phosphate stones, which is one of the many forms of kidney stones that can form. The highest phenolic content was found in the Ethyl acetate fraction of the plant, which was assessed using Gallic acid as a standard. This fraction was then tested for Antiurolithiatic activity in an in-vitro manner employing the egg's semipermeable membrane. The fraction can be evaluated for additional in-vivo and in-vitro investigations to determine its ability to dissolve Kidney stones developed in humans.
