Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) on the mucosal healing of patients submitted to simple dental extractions after head and neck ...radiation therapy (HNRT).
Methods
Forty surgical procedures were randomly assigned into two groups: G1: dental extraction + PBMT (
n
= 19) and G2: dental extraction + sham-PBMT (
n
= 21). All patients received antibiotic therapy and the surgical alveolotomy to promote primary closure of the surgical site. Group 1 was submitted to PMBT according to the following parameters: 808 nm, 40 mW, 100 J/cm
2
, 70 s, 2.8 J/point, 14 J/session, and area of 0.028cm
2
. The primary outcome was complete mucosal lining at 14 days, and the secondary outcomes were the presence of infection, postoperative pain, and analgesics intake at 7 days. The patients were evaluated every 7 days until 28 days.
Results
Alveolar mucosal lining was faster in G1, and at 14 postoperative days, 94.7% patients evolved with complete alveolar mucosal lining compared to no patient from G2 (
p
< 0.001). Patients from G1 reported postoperative pain less frequently (G1 = 4, 21.1% × G2 = 14, 66.7%,
p
= 0.005), and also reported lower intake of analgesic pills at D7 (21.1% × 66.7%,
p
= 0.005%). PBMT had a significant positive impact on both postoperative pain (NNT = 2.192, CI95% = 1.372–5.445) and mucosal healing (NNT = 1.056, CI95% = 0.954–1.181).
Conclusions
This preliminary study strongly supports the use of PMBT to promote surgical alveolar mucosal lining in a shorter time and with less postoperative pain.
Neoplasms of the salivary glands comprise more than thirty subtypes of lesions with various clinical behaviors. The present study aimed to describe the incidence and main features of salivary gland ...tumors in Brazil.
A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was performed (1997–2017). A total of 88,430 biopsy records of oral and maxillofacial lesions from 5 pathology referral centers were analyzed. All cases of salivary gland tumors were reviewed and data such as gender, age, skin color, anatomical location, symptomatology, tumor size and histopathological diagnosis were collected.
Among all lesions, there were 2,292 (2.6%) cases of salivary gland tumors. The most frequent benign and malignant neoplasm was pleomorphic adenoma (n = 1,086; 47.4%) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (n = 322; 14.0%), respectively. The majority of the patients were white (n = 757; 33%) and female (n = 1,391; 60.7%), and most cases involved the parotid gland (n = 933; 40.7%; p < 0.001). Age ranged from 1 to 101 years, occurring more in the fourth decade of life. Tumor size varied from 0.3 to 15 cm and the presence of symptomatology (pain/swelling) occurred more in patients with malignant tumors (p < 0.001).
The incidence profile and clinical findings of salivary gland tumors were similar to those described worldwide; nevertheless, multicenter studies are valuable to better characterize these neoplasms.
Background
Personal history of autoimmune rheumatic diseases has been implicated in the development of malignant neoplasms. Our aim was to assess the risk of head and neck (H&N) cancers in patients ...with autoimmune rheumatic diseases.
Methods
The articles search included PubMed, EMBASE, LILACS, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar with no language restrictions for studies published from inception of the databases to August 20, 2022, assessing the risk of H&N cancer in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Studies were included if they reported the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The primary outcome was risk of H&N cancers in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases compared with the general population. Pooled summary estimates were calculated using a random‐effects model, and subgroup analyses were done to establish whether risk of H&N cancers varied according to study site.
Results
Our search identified 5378 records, of which 32 cohort studies were eligible for systematic review and 24 for meta‐analysis (including 273 613 patients). A significant association was found between H&N cancer and autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SIR = 2.35; 95% CI: 1.57–3.50; p < 0.01, I2 = 94%).
Conclusion
Our study suggests that patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases had a significantly increased risk of H&N cancer compared with the general population, including thyroid, oral, and nasopharyngeal cancers. These findings have implications for the individualized screening of these patients and the planning of oncology units. The protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42020197827.
An experimental dentifrice containing nano-silver fluoride (NSF) and a sodium fluoride (NaF) toothpaste were tested in vitro, against S. mutans, to evaluate the minimal inhibitory concentration ...(MIC), minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC), antiadherence, antiacid, enamel microhardness, and OCT. The microdilution technique was used to determine the MIC and MBC. Fragments of deciduous enamel were treated with dentifrice slurries, containing bacterial suspension and PBS-treated saliva. The quantification of the microorganisms that adhered to the enamel was determined after 24 hours of incubation, and media pH readings were performed after 2 hours and 24 hours. Deciduous teeth were evaluated for microhardness and OCT during 14 days of pH cycling. Data were statistically analyzed using Student’s t-test, Mann–Whitney U test, ANOVA, and Tukey tests at 5% of significance. Dentifrices containing NSF presented a lower MIC and higher statistically significant results compared to NaF dentifrices with respect to preventing bacterial adhesion and pH decreases. NSF and NaF dentifrices showed the same ability to avoid enamel demineralization corroborated by the OCT images. The NSF formulation had a better antibacterial effect compared to NaF dentifrices and similar action on the demineralization of enamel indicating their potential effectiveness to prevent caries.
The COVID-19 pandemic has generated mental health problems, which motivated this research, aimed to test the effect of resilience, mediated by positive and negative affects, on life satisfaction and ...flourishing. A total of 261 Brazilian university students participated; they had an average age of 24.38 ± 7.44 years old, and 63.9% were female. They answered an online survey at the beginning of social isolation containing scales on resilience, life satisfaction, positive and negative affects, and flourishing, in addition to sociodemographic questions. In the mediation model, the results indicated sufficiently adequate fits B-Sχ² (328) = 698.28; p = 0.001; B-Sχ² / df = 2.13; CFI = 0.91; TLI = 0.90; RMSEA = 0.066; p (RMSEA <0.05) = 0.001, showing a mediating effect for positive affect, which corroborates previous studies, suggesting the importance of resilience and positive emotions even during the COVID-19 pandemic to preserve the mental health of university students.
Abstract
Background
Nanosilver fluoride (NSF) was developed as an alternative in the prevention of dental caries.
Purpose
The aim of this study was to test the remineralizing action of NSF on ...incipient enamel caries and its antimicrobial action on the acid production and adhesion of
Streptococcus mutans.
Methods
Deciduous enamel fragments were treated with sodium fluoride (NaF), NSF and deionized water. Microhardness, fluorescence spectroscopy and optical coherence tomography imaging were performed on each specimen before chemical caries induction, after caries induction and after 14 days of pH cycling. The treated enamel fragments were also placed into test tubes containing bacterial suspension and saliva. The pH readings and quantification of the adhered microorganisms to the dental enamel were determined. Analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, Tukey and mixed linear regression model were applied.
Results
NSF and NaF were effective in enamel remineralization, with a statistically significant difference (p<0.001) to deionized water, and they had no statistically significant difference between themselves (p>0.005). NSF had greater effectiveness compared to NaF in preventing decreases of pH and adhesion of
S. mutans
to the enamel surface, with statistically significant (p<0.001) differences.
Conclusion
NSF may be more effective than conventional fluorides in treating incipient caries lesions due to its remineralization and antibacterial actions.
Aspergillus niger causes infections such as otitis and pulmonary aspergillosis in immunocompromised individuals. Treatment involves voriconazole or amphotericin B, and due to the increase in fungal ...resistance, the search for new compounds with antifungal activity has intensified. In the development of new drugs, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assays are important, as they allow predicting possible damage that a molecule can cause, and in silico studies predict the pharmacokinetic properties. The aim of this study was to verify the antifungal activity and the mechanism of action of the synthetic amide 2-chloro-N-phenylacetamide against Aspergillus niger strains and toxicity. 2-Chloro-N-phenylacetamide showed antifungal activity against different strains of Aspergillus niger with minimum inhibitory concentrations between 32 and 256 μg/mL and minimum fungicides between 64 and 1024 μg/mL. The minimum inhibitory concentration of 2-chloro-N-phenylacetamide also inhibited conidia germination. When associated with amphotericin B or voriconazole, 2-chloro-N-phenylacetamide had antagonistic effects. Interaction with ergosterol in the plasma membrane is the probable mechanism of action.2-Chloro-N-phenylacetamide has favorable physicochemical parameters, good oral bioavailability and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, crosses the blood-brain barrier and inhibits CYP1A2. At concentrations of 50 to 500 µg/mL, it has little hemolytic effect and a protective effect for type A and O red blood cells, and in the cells of the oral mucosa it promotes little genotoxic change. It is concluded that 2-chloro-N-phenylacetamide has promising antifungal potential, favorable pharmacokinetic profile for oral administration and low cytotoxic and genotoxic potential, being a promising candidate for in vivo toxicity studies.
OBJECTIVETo examine the impact of climate variability on the occurrence of exercise-induced bronchospasm in the rainy and dry seasons of a Brazilian semi-arid region.METHODSThis sample comprised 82 ...adolescents aged 15 to 18 years, who were submitted to exercise-induced bronchospasm assessment on a treadmill and outdoors, during the rainy and the dry season. Anthropometric variables, sexual maturity and forced expiratory volume in the first second were analyzed. Air temperature and humidity, decline in forced expiratory volume in the first second (%) and frequency of bronchospasm were compared between seasons using the independent Student's t test, the Wilcoxon and McNemar tests, respectively. The level of significance was set at p<0.05.RESULTSThe mean age was 15.65±0.82 years. Air temperature, air humidity and decline in forced expiratory volume in the first second (%) differed between seasons, with higher air temperature and humidity in the rainy season (29.6ºC±0.1 and 70.8%±0.6 versus 28.5ºC±0.2 and 48.5%±0.6; p<0.05). The decline in forced expiratory volume in the first second (%) was greater in the dry season (9.43%±9.97 versus 12.94%±15.65; p<0.05). The frequency of bronchospasm did not differ between seasons.CONCLUSIONThe dry season had a negative impact on forced expiratory volume in the first second in adolescents, with greater decrease detected during this period. Findings of this study suggested bronchospasm tends to be more severe under low humidity conditions.
Grapevine is one of the most important fruit crops worldwide, being Portugal one of the top wine producers. It is well established that wine sensory characteristics from a particular region are ...defined by the physiological responses of the grapevine to its environment and thus, the concept of terroir in viticulture was established. Among all the factors that contribute to terroir definition, soil microorganisms play a major role from nutrient recycling to a drastic influence on plant fitness (growth and protection) and of course wine production. Soil microbiome from four different terroirs in Quinta dos Murças vineyard was analysed through long-read Oxford Nanopore sequencing. We have developed an analytical pipeline that allows the identification of function, ecologies, and indicator species based on long read sequencing data. The Douro vineyard was used as a case study, and we were able to establish microbiome signatures of each terroir.
Vascular malformations are structural anomalies in the blood vessels. They are present at birth and persist throughout life. These malformations can be classified according to the type of vessel ...involved. A port-wine stain is a vascular malformation characterized by an increased number of ectatic vessels in the dermal vascular plexus, which can be found in any part of the body, including the head and neck region. Over time, most of these stains result in soft tissue hypertrophy and this growth can cause severe facial deformity.
This study describes a rare case of a giant proliferative vascular anomaly arising from a port-wine stain on the face.
The report highlights the continuous and proliferative growth of the malformation observed after follow-up of 18 years, as well as the difficulty in establishing the diagnosis due to the complexity and dimension of the lesion and the conditions related to the patient's low socioeconomic status.
We have described a rare and unusual case report of a giant proliferative vascular malformation arising from a Port-wine stain on the face.
PDF
