Porque é que a Ciência nunca conseguirá ser Arte e como a Arte é uma muleta da Ciência para explicar quimeras. Sobre a menoridade do artístico e de toda a cultura face à investigação científica. Como ...é que pelo facto de a representação do mundo ter deixado de ser um exclusivo dos artistas no séc. XIX, universidades e museus passaram a recrutar técnicos e teóricos com formação científica para a academia e instituições museológicas? E como é que a produção artística de artistas-investigadores, tem um índice residual de valoração nas universidades?
Purpose
Music festivals offer new opportunities for leisure and tourist experiences in Portugal. Some tourists and residents, the so-called festival goers, participate and come back to these events, ...whereas others, the non-goers, never participate and are not willing to do so. The aim of this research is to understand the decision to participate or not based on facilitators and constraints to participate or not in a music festival, dismantling residents and tourists' attitudes.
Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected from 1,178 music festival goers and non-goers in Portugal. Content analysis was undertaken to depict the most important determinants of their decisions. Those determinants were categorized according to the three dimensions of factors of ecological systems theory, considering festival goers and non-goers as well as tourists and residents.
Findings
The results suggested that although constraints are not as often voiced as facilitators, both influence decisions that are expressed as delaying, postponing, avoiding or complying with others by participating in these events. Furthermore, the results suggested that the decision to participate or not depends on the social contexts of the festival goers or non-goers, and that these social contexts may invert their decision, be it by facilitating or constraining their participation.
Research limitations/implications
This research is limited to festivals in Portugal and used a qualitative analysis that may be confirmed in other countries with quantitative methods. Nevertheless, this research opens paths to discuss facilitators and constraints through ecological system theory and gives insights into this industry.
Practical implications
The results provide important insights for festival organizers to retain and build long-term relationships with festival goers. The results also provide insights into how to overcome the resistance which non-goers demonstrated.
Social implications
This research offers an in-depth and insightful understanding of individuals' attitudes towards music festivals, allowing festival demand to be better understood. Furthermore, this research proves that attendance of music festivals is mostly a socially driven behaviour.
Originality/value
By eliciting facilitators and constraints of the decision to participate in music festivals, considering residents and tourists, festival goers and non-goers, this study provides a deeper understanding of the decision to participate, through a theoretical framework which is rarely applied in this field.
Controlling the temperature of nanoscale quantum systems is becoming increasingly important in the efforts to develop thermal devices such as quantum heat valves, heat engines, and refrigerators and ...to explore fundamental concepts in quantum thermodynamics. In practice, however, it is challenging to generate arbitrary time-dependent temperatures, similarly to what has been achieved for electronic voltage pulses. To overcome this problem, we here propose a fully quantum mechanical scheme to control the time-dependent environment temperature of an open quantum system. To this end, we consider a collection of quantum harmonic oscillators that mediate the interactions between the quantum system and a thermal reservoir, and we show how an effective time-dependent temperature can be realized by modulating the oscillator frequencies in time. By doing so, we can apply effective temperature pulses to the quantum system, and it can be cooled below the temperature of the environment. Surprisingly, the scheme can be realized using only a few oscillators, and our proposal thereby paves the way for controlling the temperature of open quantum systems.
We compare the survival of new domestic and foreign-owned firms. We analyze the determinants of the survival of new firms and investigate whether foreignness accounts for significant differences in ...the survival of new foreign and new domestic firms. We find survival to be determined by ownership advantages, size and growth strategies, the internal organization of firms, and by industry characteristics such as economies of scale, and industry entry and growth. After controlling for these characteristics, we find that domestic and foreign firms do not exhibit different chances of survival, that they respond in similar fashions to the determinants of survival and display identical time patterns of exit.
To evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of bone reconstruction and lengthening compared to amputation in the treatment of tibial hemimelia for patients and their families.
Systematic review of ...articles published in English and Portuguese between 1982 and 2022 in the MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane and SciELO databases. The variables of interest were: year of publication, sample characteristics, classification of tibial hemimelia according to Jones, treatment outcome and follow-up time.
A total of eleven articles were included in the scope of this review. The studies involved 131 patients, 53.4% male and 46.6% female. The age of the patients who underwent a surgical procedure ranged from 1 year and 10 months to 15 years. The most common type was Jones' I (40.9%). The most recurrent complications in the reconstruction treatment were: infection of the external fixator path, flexion contracture (mainly of the knee), reduction in the range of motion of the knee and ankle.
We did not find enough relevant studies in the literature to prove the superiority of reconstruction. Amputation remains the gold standard treatment for tibial hemimelia to this day.
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Behind similar unemployment rates in the United States and Portugal hide two very different labor markets. Unemployment duration is three times longer in Portugal than in the United States. ...Symmetrically, flows of workers into unemployment are three times lower in Portugal. These lower flows come in roughly equal proportions from lower job creation and destruction, and from lower worker flows given job creation and destruction. A plausible explanation is high employment protection in Portugal. High employment protection makes economies more sclerotic; but because it affects unemployment duration and worker flows in opposite directions, the effect on unemployment is ambiguous.
Recent experimental advances have made it possible to detect individual quantum jumps in open quantum systems, such as the tunneling of single electrons in nanoscale conductors or the emission of ...photons from nonclassical light sources. Here, we investigate theoretically the statistics of photons emitted from a microwave cavity that is driven resonantly by an external field. We focus on the differences between a parametric and a coherent drive, which either squeezes or displaces the cavity field. We employ a Lindblad master equation dressed with counting fields to obtain the generating function of the photon emission statistics using a theoretical framework based on Gaussian states. We then compare the distribution of photon waiting times for the two drives as well as the g(2) functions of the outgoing light, and we identify important differences between these observables. In the long-time limit, we analyze the factorial cumulants of the photon emission statistics and the large-deviation statistics of the emission currents, which are markedly different for the two drives. Our theoretical framework can readily be extended to more complicated systems, for instance, with several coupled microwave cavities, and our predictions may be tested in future experiments.
Smart cities are a natural evolution of the concept of sustainable cities. These cities can be analyzed by social, economic, environmental, and technological biases. For this work, we chose the ...social and economic vision, with a special focus on the poorest and most vulnerable territories of Brazilian cities. These territories in Brazil are called slums, places of poverty but with opportunities for the development of the creative economy with its own brand. Seen by many in a simplistic way, summed up to be geographic spaces of drug circulation dominated by trafficking, Brazilian favelas have been consolidating themselves as a storehouse of innovative minds, a creative territory with multiple and complex cultures. These places today are capable of producing a positive image with potential for market exploitation. Therefore, the objective was to draw a relationship between the creative economy, branding and favelas, considering the concept of smart cities that include products and services from the slums. The present study shows the results of a survey and a bibliographic analysis based on the methodology Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and with parameters that took into account the favela, branding and the creative economy. Thus, we expect that it will be possible to point out ways to accelerate entrepreneurial actions and foster the development of these locations.
We evaluate the sources of wage losses of workers displaced due to firm closure by comparison of workers' wages before and after displacement. We decompose the sources of the wage losses into the ...contribution of firm, match quality, and job title fixed effects. Sorting into lower paying job titles represents the largest component of the monthly wage loss of displaced workers, accounting for 37 percent of the total average monthly wage loss compared to 31 percent for the firm and 32 percent for the match effects. With respect to the hourly wage losses, job title effects account for 46 percent of the total loss, while firm and match effects contribute in equal shares representing each 27 percent of the loss.
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