We report a case in which real‐time remote interrogation and reprogramming of the parameters of a dual‐chamber pacemaker was performed during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The described case demonstrated ...the safety and effectiveness of CIED remote programming based on the 5G cloud technology support platform (5G‐CTP), and showed that the application of real‐time remote programming would help in reducing the risk of cross‐infection between doctors and patients.
Aims/Introduction
The predictive value of admission hyperglycemia in the long‐term prognosis of acute myocardial infarction patients is still controversial. We aimed to investigate this value based ...on the diabetes status.
Materials and Methods
We carried out a multicenter, retrospective study of 1,288 acute myocardial infarction patients enrolled in 11 hospitals between March 2014 and June 2019 in Chengdu, China. The patients were classified into those with diabetes and those without diabetes, each was further divided into: hyperglycemia and non‐hyperglycemia subgroups, according to the optimal cut‐off value of the blood glucose to predict all‐cause mortality during follow up. The end‐points were all‐cause death and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, including all‐cause death, non‐fatal myocardial infarction, vessel revascularization and non‐fatal stroke.
Results
In the follow‐up period of 15 months, we observed 210 (16.3%), 6 (0.5%), 57 (4.4%) and 34 (2.6%) cases of death, non‐fatal myocardial infarction, revascularization and non‐fatal stroke, respectively. The optimal cut‐off values of admission blood glucose for patients with diabetes and patients without diabetes to predict all‐cause mortality during follow up were 14.80 and 6.77 mmol/L, respectively. We divided patients with diabetes (n = 331) into hyperglycemia (n = 92) and non‐hyperglycemia (n = 239), and patients without diabetes (n = 897) into hyperglycemia (n = 425) and non‐hyperglycemia (n = 472). The cumulative rates of all‐cause death and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events among the patients in each hyperglycemia group was higher than that in the corresponding non‐hyperglycemia group (P < 0.001). In patients without diabetes, admission hyperglycemia was an independent predictor of all‐cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.
Conclusion
Admission hyperglycemia was an independent predictor for long‐term prognosis in acute myocardial infarction patients without diabetes.
The prognostic value of admission hyperglycemia on long‐term prognosis remains elusive, especially in acute myocardial infarction patients with diabetes. Regarding acute myocardial infarction patients, there has been no accurate threshold of admission hyperglycemia to predict mortality. Therefore, in our study, we used different cut‐off values in patients with and without diabetes to discuss their predictive value in the long‐term prognosis of acute myocardial infarction patients.
A 12‐week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary phosphorus on growth performance, whole‐body composition, liver phosphorus metabolism enzyme and digestive enzyme activities ...of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) alevins. Six experimental diets were formulated with graded phosphorus levels of 0.3%, 0.59%, 0.73%, 0.85%, 1.05% and 1.19% respectively. Each diet was fed to triplicate groups of fish (0.36 ± 0.01 g), which were randomly assigned to 18 tanks (water volume 240‐L), with each stocked initially with 50 fish. The specific growth rate (SGR), whole‐body and vertebrae phosphorus contents, lipase and amylase were significantly improved with dietary phosphorus level increased from 0.3% to 0.85% (p < .05). The feed conversion rate, alkaline phosphatase and creatine kinase activities were significantly decreased with dietary phosphorus level increased from 0.3% to 0.73% (p < .05). The hepatosomatic index, intestosomatic index, condition factor and whole‐body moisture, crude protein, crude lipid and ash were not affected by dietary treatments (p > .05). More accurate information on dietary phosphorus requirement was obtained by cubic curve regression analysis of SGR, whole‐body and vertebrae phosphorus contents, which indicated that phosphorus dietary requirement levels for coho salmon alevins were 0.95%, 1.06% and 1.11% respectively.
We comprehensively analyzed clinical, genomic, and transcriptomic data of a cohort of 465 primary triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). PIK3CA mutations and copy-number gains of chromosome 22q11 were ...more frequent in our Chinese cohort than in The Cancer Genome Atlas. We classified TNBCs into four transcriptome-based subtypes: (1) luminal androgen receptor (LAR), (2) immunomodulatory, (3) basal-like immune-suppressed, and (4) mesenchymal-like. Putative therapeutic targets or biomarkers were identified among each subtype. Importantly, the LAR subtype showed more ERBB2 somatic mutations, infrequent mutational signature 3 and frequent CDKN2A loss. The comprehensive profile of TNBCs provided here will serve as a reference to further advance the understanding and precision treatment of TNBC.
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•We build the genomic and transcriptomic landscape of 465 primary TNBCs•Chinese TNBC cases demonstrate more PIK3CA mutations and LAR subtype•Transcriptomic data classify TNBCs into four subtypes•Multi-omics profiling identifies potential targets within specific TNBC subtypes
Jiang et al. characterize primary Chinese triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and classify it into four subtypes. They find that these TNBCs have more frequent PIK3CA mutations and chromosome 22q11 copy-number gains than non-Asian TNBCs and that the LAR subtype has more ERBB2 somatic mutations and CDKN2A loss.
A new bergamotane sesquiterpenoid, fumigatanol (1), along with nine known compounds (2-10) were isolated from the Aconitum-derived fungus Aspergillus fumigatus M1. Their structures were established ...on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses, ECD experiment and NMR computational method. Antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of compound 1 were evaluated and no obvious antibacterial and cytotoxic activities were observed at concentrations of 256 μg/mL and 40.00 μM, respectively.
•A flexible molecular sieving strategy developed for efficient C2H2/CO2 separation.•A new cost-effective MOF was prepared with unprecedented topological structure.•High C2H2 capacity and high ...C2H2/CO2 uptake selectivity achieved by ZNU-3.•Excellent C2H2/CO2 separation performance confirmed by breakthroughs.
The separation of C2H2/CO2 is an important process in industry but challenged by the trade-off of capacity and selectivity owning to their close physical properties and identical kinetic molecular size. Herein, we reported a new metal organic framework ZNU-3 (ZNU = Zhejiang Normal University) with flexibility controlled by abundant hydrogen-bonds for highly selective molecular sieving of C2H2 from CO2, CH4, C2H4 and C2H6 using commercially available cost-effective ligands. At 1.0 bar and 298 K, the uptake capacity of C2H2 is 81.0 cm3 (STP) g−1, while the CO2, C2H4, C2H6, CH4, N2 uptake capacities are only 5.4, 5.3, 1.0, 1.1, 1.1 cm3 (STP) g−1, respectively. Such high uptake ratios of C2H2 over other C2 and C1 gases have rarely been achieved. Particularly, the C2H2/CO2 uptake ratio of 14.9 is only secondary to that of the benchmark UTSA-300a and much higher than those of all other porous materials. Dynamic breakthrough experiments with equimolar C2H2/CO2 mixtures showed that the retaining time of C2H2 is nearly 2 fold of that of CO2, indicating the excellent practical separation performance of ZNU-3 for C2H2/CO2 mixtures. Modeling studies indicated that C2H2 is mainly trapped by two opposite carboxylic groups with additional small contribution from π···π packing between pyridine ring and planar C≡C moiety.
A 12-week feeding trial was conducted to determine the optimal dietary selenium requirement for coho salmon (
Oncorhynchus kisutch
W.) alevins. Six experimental diets (contained about 42.2% crude ...protein and 10.5% crude lipid) were formulated to contain selenium level of 0.07, 0.15, 0.24, 0.41, 0.75, and 1.38 mg/kg, respectively. Each diet was fed to triplicate groups of fish with initial mean body weight of 0.38 ± 0.01 g, which were randomly assigned to 18 plastic tanks (80 × 60 × 60 cm, length × width × height, water volume 240 L), and each tank was stocked initially with 50 fish. Fish were fed four times daily and used the method of overfeeding (15–20% body weight) to fish. The sampling procedure was implemented after 24 h of fasting. Results showed that specific growth rate (SGR) in 0.24, 0.41, and 0.75 mg Se/kg groups were significantly higher than those in 0.07 and 1.38 mg Se/kg groups (
P
< .05). There were no significant differences in hepatosomatic index (HIS), intestinal somatic index (ISI), condition factor (CF), and whole-body composition among dietary groups (
P
> .05). Hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) content significantly declined with increasing dietary up to 0.41 mg Se/kg and increased as selenium further increased. The hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) significantly increased with increasing dietary selenium up to 0.41 mg/kg and decreased significantly as selenium further increased (
P
< .05). Fish fed diet with 0.75 mg Se/kg had the highest glutathione reductase (GR), which did not differ significantly with 0.41 and 1.38 mg Se/kg groups (
P
> .05) but significantly higher than those in 0.07, 0.15, and 0.24 mg Se/kg groups (
P
< .05). Broken-line regression analyses based on SGR, hepatic, and whole-body selenium contents indicated that the optimum dietary selenium requirements were in the range of 0.39–0.43 mg/kg for coho salmon alevins.
BACKGROUNDMedications for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have changed dramatically over time. However, no study on long-term medication profiles has been conducted in the Chinese population. AIMTo ...evaluate temporal changes in medication use and treatment patterns for Chinese patients with IBD. METHODSA multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted among Chinese patients newly diagnosed with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) between January 1999 and December 2019. Baseline characteristics and drug prescriptions were collected. Trends in medication use and therapeutic patterns were analyzed. RESULTSIn total, 3610 patients were analyzed. During follow-up, 5-aminosalicylates (5-ASA) and corticosteroids (CS) prescriptions gradually decreased, accompanied by a notable increase in immunosuppressants (IMS) and infliximab (IFX) prescriptions in patients with CD. Prescription rates of 5-ASA and CS were stable, whereas IMS and IFX slightly increased since 2007 in patients with UC. Subgroup (n = 957) analyses showed a switch from conventional medications to IFX in patients with CD, while 5-ASA and CS were still steadily prescribed in patients with UC. Logistic regression analyses revealed that surgical history, disease behavior, and disease location were associated with initial therapeutic strategies in patients with CD. However, medications before diagnosis, disease location, and diagnostic year might affect initial strategies in patients with UC. CONCLUSIONLong-term treatment strategies analyses has provided unique insight into the switch from conventional drugs to IFX in Chinese patients with CD.
The rapid development of modern science nowadays makes it rather challenging to pick out valuable ideas from massive scientific literature. Existing widely-adopted citation-based metrics are not ...adequate for measuring how well the idea presented by a single publication is developed and whether it is worth following. Here, inspired by traditional X-ray imaging, which returns internal structure imaging of real objects along with corresponding structure analysis, we propose Scientific X-ray, a framework that quantifies the development degree and development potential for any scientific idea through an assembly of 'X-ray' scanning, visualization and parsing operated on the citation network associated with a target publication. We pick all 71,431 scientific articles of citation counts over 1,000 as high-impact target publications among totally 204,664,199 publications that cover 16 disciplines spanning from 1800 to 2021. Our proposed Scientific X-ray reproduces how an idea evolves from the very original target publication all the way to the up to date status via an extracted 'idea tree' that attempts to preserve the most representative idea flow structure underneath each citation network. Interestingly, we observe that while the citation counts of publications may increase unlimitedly, the maximum valid idea inheritance of those target publications, i.e., the valid depth of the idea tree, cannot exceed a limit of six hops, and the idea evolution structure of any arbitrary publication unexceptionally falls into six fixed patterns. Combined with a development potential index that we further design based on the extracted idea tree, Scientific X-ray can vividly tell how further a given idea presented by a given publication can still go from any well-established starting point. Scientific X-ray successfully identifies 40 out of 49 topics of Nobel prize as high-potential topics by their prize-winning papers in an average of nine years before the prizes are released. Various trials on articles of diverse topics also confirm the power of Scientific X-ray in digging out influential/promising ideas. Scientific X-ray is user-friendly to researchers with any level of expertise, thus providing important basis for grasping research trends, helping scientific policy-making and even promoting social development.
Neuromedin U (NMU) plays an important role in activating the group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) and initiating the host's anti-parasitic immune responses. It is aimed to explore the distribution ...characteristics of NMU in the sheep small intestine and the influence of Moniezia benedeni infection on them. In the present study, the pET-28a-NMU recombinant plasmids were constructed, and Escherichia coli. BL21 (DE3) were induced to express the recombinant protein. And then, the rabbit anti-sheep NMU polyclonal antibody was prepared and immunofluorescence staining was performed with it. The expression levels of NMU in the intestine of normal and Moniezia benedeni-infected sheep were detected by ELISA.
The results showed that the molecular weight of the obtained NMU recombinant protein was consistent with the expected molecular (13 kDa) and it was expressed in the form of inclusion body. The titer and specificity of obtained rabbit anti-sheep NMU polyclonal antibody were good. The results of immunofluorescence analysis showed that the nerve fibers which specifically expressed NMU mainly extended from the ganglion in the submucosal to lamina propria (LP) in the sheep small intestine, and the expression level was relatively high; especially on the nerve fibers of LP around the intestinal glands. The expression levels were gradually increased from the duodenum to the ileum, and the levels in the jejunum and ileum were significantly higher than that in the duodenum (P < 0.05). In addition, scattered NMU positive cells were distributed in the epithelium of the jejunal crypts. Moniezia benedeni infection increased the expression of NMU in each intestinal segment, especially in the jejunum and ileum there were significant increase (P < 0.05).
It was suggested that Moniezia benedeni infection could be detected by the high expression of NMU in sheep enteric nervous, and which laid the foundation for further studies on whether NMU exerts anti-parasitic immunity by activating ILC2s. In addition, NMU was expressed in some intestinal gland epitheliums, which also provided a basis for studying its roles in regulation of the immune homeostasis. The present study laid the foundation for further revealing the molecular mechanism of sheep's neural-immune interaction network perceiving the colacobiosis of parasites.
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