The goals of the EU2030 energy policy should be achieved cost-effectively by employing the optimal mix of supply and demand side technical measures, including energy efficiency, renewable energy and ...structural measures. In this paper, the achievement of these goals is modeled by introducing an innovative method of soft-linking of EnergyPLAN with the generic optimization program (GenOpt). This soft-link enables simulation-based optimization, guided with the chosen optimization algorithm, rather than manual adjustments of the decision vectors. In order to obtain EnergyPLAN simulations within the optimization loop of GenOpt, the decision vectors should be chosen and explained in GenOpt for scenarios created in EnergyPLAN. The result of the optimization loop is an optimal national energy master plan (as a case study, energy policy in Serbia was taken), followed with sensitivity analysis of the exogenous assumptions and with focus on the contribution of the smart electricity grid to the achievement of EU2030 goals. It is shown that the increase in the policy-induced total costs of less than 3% is not significant. This general method could be further improved and used worldwide in the optimal planning of sustainable national energy systems.
•Innovative method of soft-linking of EnergyPLAN with GenOpt has been introduced.•Optimal national energy master plan has been developed (the case study for Serbia).•Sensitivity analysis on the exogenous world energy and emission price development outlook.•Focus on the contribution of smart energy systems to the EU2030 goals.•Innovative soft-linking methodology could be further improved and used worldwide.
•Energy investment planning applied to an eco-touristic resort.•Specific consumption patterns and locations of resorts.•Widely used HOMER software tool for connection line modeling.•Planning ...methodology extended to include the connection line impact.•Results showing the impact of connection line rating on total cost decrease.
In the current energy transition context, microgrids and multi-energy systems are becoming more and more important in practical applications. The investigation carried out in this paper is based on practical energy planning tasks implemented on different microgrids.
The motivation for feasibility evaluation of microgrids for the purposes of ecotourism came from the realistic needs related to numerous resort energy supply related problems. These resorts have specific hourly energy demands in terms of heating, electricity, and transport. The integration of these three sectors is investigated with the aim of achieving a synergistic effect and decreasing total costs (investment and operational).
The starting hypotheses for this work refer to the integration of such microgrids with the power market. The physical prerequisite is the construction of a connection line between a microgrid and the existing external power system.
The HOMER software tool is used as an analytical tool for simulation, optimization and sensitivity analyses within the scope of the microgrid feasibility study of an eco-tourist resort near Trebinje. The methodology of the widely used HOMER software is extended to the variation of connection line power, having in mind the central hypothesis that it will affect its total costs.
The obtained results show that when the connection line is constructed, total costs decrease by 43%; when the connection power line is upgraded, costs decrease by additional 5%. It is also confirmed that electricity prices on the power market have a significant influence on the feasibility of investments within the microgrid generation structure.
This article contributes to the feasibility study methodology in the direction of including significant impacts of line rating and market conditions.
The paper analyzes the possibility of application of Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm for reconfiguration of distribution network with the aim of active power minimiza- tion. ACO is a ...population-based meta-heuristic technique used to solve different combinatorial optimization problems. The search technique is inspired by the behaviour of ant colonies in nature. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated on IEEE 33-bus and IEEE 69-bus test distribution systems. Also, the results obtained by using ACO algorithm are compared to the results achievable by other heuristic and meta-heuristic algorithms.
The apparent increase of ecological awareness during the previous decade has led to the need for adaptation of numerous areas of everyday human lives, so they fit the newly developed environmental ...tendencies. One of the areas in which this necessity was prominent was the power engineering, where, above all, the understanding of production systems was affected, with the turnabout regarding the distancing from the conventional sources and inclining towards the more acceptable renewable sources taking place. However, alongside the undeniable ecological sustainability of these sources, the financial sustainability of their utilization needs to be considered as well, which is why the subject of this paper is the minimization of costs of energy production in these capacities, if the fictious demand area needed to be supplied. It was assumed that this area is separated from transmission and distribution network, with the sole source of energy for the analyzed consumption being the wind, solar and hydro power plants, located in the close vicinity of the examined area. As the objective of the optimization, performed by the method of Lagrange multipliers, the appropriate apportioning of the generation powers in these plants for every hour during the year was selected, so the total yearly costs of supplying the demand were as low as possible. Also, considering the currently promoted methods intended for encouragement of the potential investors to proceed with the projects that encompass renewable sources, the different cases for which the share of renewables included in the feed-in tariff was varied. Finally, in order to provide the full insight into the optimization procedure, for the randomly selected hour of the year and share of feed-in tariff in the generation capacities, the process of calculation of production powers in the described plants and multipliers needed for application of the selected optimization technique was enclosed.
Uprkos činjenici da se nalaze u neposrednom susedstvu Evropske Unije i da imaju otvoren pristup najnovijim tehnologijama i instrumentima za sprovođenje energetskih politika, zemlje Zapadnog balkana ...zaostaju u energetskoj tranziciji. Evropska Unija je aktivirala noviimpuls u sprovođenju energetske tranzicije kroz Evropski zeleni plan, čiji se uticaj na Zapadni Balkan prenosi u vidu nacionalnih energetsko-klimatskih planova čija je izrada u toku. Doprinosi najnovijih dostignuća u Republici Srbiji (npr. nedavno predstavljena Niskougljenična strategija Republike Srbije sa akcionim planom) i Bosni i Hercegovini (aukcije za fotonaponske elektrane) energetskoj tranziciji, biće analizirani korišćenjem tehnike optimizacije na bazi simulacija i pristupom koji se bazira na integraciji sektora. Dodatno, predstaviće se metode modeliranja koje polaze odintegralne procenekojom se obuhvataju međusobni uticaji sistema klima – energija. Osnovna svrha ovih istraživanja je da se donosiocima odluka na Zapadnom balkanu omogući pristup najnovijim znanjima iz održivih energetskih sistema, a građanima više koristi od usvajanja strateških dokumenatai pravednije energetske tranzicije.
More variable renewable energy sources and energy efficiency measures create an additional flexibility gap and require a novel energy planning method for sustainable national energy systems. The ...firstly presented method uses only EnergyPLAN tool in order to decrease the flexibility gap in a national energy system. Generic Optimization program (GenOpt®) is an optimization program for the minimization of a cost function that is evaluated by an external simulation program, such as EnergyPLAN, which was used as the second method in this research. Successful strategies to decrease the flexibility gap are verified on the case of the Serbian national energy system using two methods for its structure design: (1) the iterative method, based on heuristics and manual procedure of using only EnergyPLAN, and (2) the optimization method, based on soft-linking of EnergyPLAN with GenOpt®. The latter method, named EPOPT (EnergyPlan-genOPT), found the solution for the structure of the sustainable national energy system at the total cost of 8190 M€, while the iterative method was only able to find solutions at the cost in the range of 8251–8598 M€ by targeting only one sustainability goal. The advantages of the EPOPT method are its accuracy, user-friendliness and minimal costs, are valuable for planners.
•Heuristic and optimization method for sustainable national energy system structure.•The same input assumptions resulting in different energy system structure.•Both methods are successful in decreasing of the flexibility gap.•The EPOPT method advantages are in the speed, accuracy and planner comfort.•Advanced method for the sustainable national energy policy planning.
According to almost all estimates, significant investments in new renewable energy sources in Serbia are needed. Serbia has economically viable potentials of renewable energy sources (RES) (solar ...energy, wind energy, hydropower, biomass energy, geothermal energy, etc.), so the structure of the production mix in the electricity system should increasingly be based on renewable sources. In this paper, an attempt is made to answer the following questions: does Serbia need new production capacities, does Serbia need new production capacities from RES, and finally, which of the RES would be the most suitable at the moment? The paper assesses whether this is exactly the right moment to accelerate the process of energy transition in Serbia, as well as the opportunity to ensure a more sustainable growth and development through a faster transition to RES. It starts from the fact that increasing the production of electricity from RES, together with measures to increase energy efficiency and decarbonize energy production and consumption, is the backbone of the energy transition and at the same time the essence of Serbia's commitments by joining the Energy Community and accepting international climate agreements. The paper assumes that by increasing the efficiency of the energy sector and use of RES, European policy goals can be achieved in Serbia and that energy sector can be positioned as an engine of stability and sustainable economic development. Secondary effects will lead to increased sustainable employment, reduced public debt and increased competitiveness of the sector. Therefore, the energy transition should be seen as a development opportunity. The construction of large RES plants, especially large solar power plants in Serbia and joining the EU Green Deal, is certainly a signal that Serbia is well on its way to developing a modern, environmentally friendly, competitive and regionally integrated energy system. This will trigger the necessary investments in the modernization of the energy sector and enable the attraction of foreign direct investments. Achieving this vision requires decisive political action at the national and regional levels. Solar projects have the lowest levelized costs of produced kWh of electricity, they are the fastest to implement and they have the least environmental and social impact. Also, large installed capacity can be achieved through a series of large and medium-sized projects that would be territorially distributed in order to reduce the simultaneity of production.
► A novel real-time near-optimal algorithm to dispatch customer distributed generation. ► A release of almost total theoretically available cost-saving potential. ► Up to now largest set of input ...parameters included in the models. ► A stochastics is respected where required. ► The method is validated using the Monte Carlo simulations.
Utilization of distributed generation (DG), in combination with the traditional supply from the grid, may help industrial and commercial customers to decrease their energy bills. The full cost-saving potential of DG would be released only in case when all inputs were known for the overall billing period in advance. Under the realistic conditions, where a set of important input variables exhibit a stochastic change and where the customers are billed not only for energy but also for the monthly peak demand, it remains to search for dispatch solutions capable of bringing the savings as close as possible to the theoretical maxima. In this paper, we propose a novel real-time near-optimal DG dispatching algorithm, which takes into account all the input parameters recognized up to now as respectable. The algorithm has been extensively tested showing an excellent performance over a wide range of operating conditions.
Having in view the current balance of natural resources, uncertain economic conditions and the expansion of gas infrastructure, it seems reasonable to have a significant number of gas power plants ...incorporated into the existing power system. The purpose of this paper is to show, through quantification of impacts of the integrated gas and electric power network, that the failures of the radial gas subsystem, in terms of security, as a rule, are more critical for the integrated electric power system than failures in the electric power subsystem. In the second part of the paper the predictive control actions are analyzed in order to minimize the negative impact of failures in the gas subsystem. In such a way the optimal operation of the gas power subsystem can be achieved. This approach is feasible under the condition that gas power plants are included in smart grid with continuous data acquisition from the gas plants and the pipeline system.
•Radial gas network can be linearized in certain circumstances and presented by the radial electric power network.•As a rule, outages in gas networks are more critical for the integrated system than power outages.•Line-pack calculation contributes to the safety and greater reliability of the CCGT.•Predicting the behaviour of gas variables helps Operator to timely balance the EES.
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