Indonesian rice production has exhibited a positive increasing trend over the years. On the other hand, rice retail prices tend to fluctuate, even though the country has imported rice. One reason for ...this is that not all of the rice produced is sold to the market or marketed surplus. The objective of this study is to analyse the marketed surplus of Indonesian rice production and its determinants. The rice farmers' survey conducted by Statistics Indonesia in 2014 was utilised. The Heckman two-step procedure was utilised to address the sample selectivity bias. The results indicate that the rice marketed surplus in Indonesia was 50 percent, with the highest in Java at 57percent, while outside Java, the marketed surplus was 48 percent. From the variables analysed, three variables were significant, and the sign was consistent among locations. Meanwhile, the output price has different effects on the three locations.
The Indonesian government has implemented a fertiliser subsidy policy to increase rice production. Most previous research utilised limited samples and focused on the overall impact of fertilisers on ...production. In this research, the scope is Indonesia and focuses on the impact of fertiliser on the different combinations of fertiliser usage and classified between subsidised and non-subsidised farmers. The objective of this research was to analyse the effect of fertiliser usage on the production of subsidised and non-subsidised farmers. The data utilised were secondary data from the Household Survey on Food Crops conducted in 2014 by Statistics Indonesia. A Cobb-Douglas production function was employed for several combinations of fertiliser usage and comparison between subsidised and non-subsidised farmers. BPS-Statistics Indonesia. Meanwhile, for TSP and NPK fertilisers, the increase in production was higher in subsidised farmers. Therefore, rice production can be effectively increased by increasing urea usage by non-subsidised farmers and increasing TSP and NPK fertilisers for subsidised farmers.
One of the indicators that might upgrade micro and small enterprise is the ability to expand their market target outside their location or district. The objective of this article was to analyze the ...determinants of market expansion for small and medium enterprise especially in the food industry in Indonesia. Market expansion is defined as selling products or services outside the district where the enterprise is located. Secondary data were utilized in the research by using the Micro and Small Enterprise Survey conducted by Statistics Indonesia in 2014 with the data of 21,380 firms. Two analysis were conducted, firstly using the logit analysis in order to differentiate between enterprises selling their products inside and outside the district. The second analysis used Tobit analysis of which the dependent variable is the share of product sold outside the district. Independent variables used in both equations are similar. The results indicated that higher education level, number of labor, value of production, number of enterprise with external finance, number of enterprise located in Java and male-owned firms resulted in higher probability of selling their product outside the district. Moreover, the same variables will also increase the share of product sold outside the district. From the two equations, it can be concluded that the government policy must be addressed in two aspects in order to upgrade the small and medium enterprises, the first is increasing the scale of the enterprises and secondly, fostering financial inclusion for these enterprises. Keywords: micro and small enterprise, logit analysis, tobit analysis, food industry, market expansion
Firm size, foreign networks and location has been analyzed as the factors in differentiating between exporting and non exporting firms. The objective of this study is to analyze factors which made ...the firms export on the case of food processing sector in Indonesia. The data utilized is the Industry Survey in 2013 by the Statistics Indonesia. The results indicate that foreign networks, represent by foreign shares and imported input, and location are affecting firm to export. Meanwhile from four variables of firm size only one variable has significant effect (production worker expenditure). From these variables it can be inferred that linking with foreign side in the form of share or inputs will induce firm to export.
Crude Palm Oil (CPO) is an important Indonesian agricultural product as a raw material for cooking oil and an export commodity. In order to achieve maximum profit, the companies producing the CPO ...need to produce it efficiently. This study used the data from the 2013 Annual Manufacturing Survey conducted by the Statistics Indonesia. In this survey, there were 547 factories producing CPO. The efficiency measurement utilized the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach using value of production as the output and two inputs, namely the number of workers and raw material value. The results showed that there are 17 factories out of 547 factories which are efficient indicated by the efficiency value of one. Factories owned by the private national companies have the highest average of efficiency followed by the foreign and government-owned companies. In regards to location, factories located in Kalimantan Island have higher average efficiency compared to those located in Sumatra Island and other islands. Meanwhile, factories with local market orientation have a higher efficiency compared to those with export market orientation.Keywords: CPO, efficiency, data envelopment analysis (DEA)
ABSTRAKCrude Palm Oil (CPO) merupakan salah satu andalan produk pertanian Indonesia baik sebagai bahan baku minyak goreng maupun komoditas ekspor. Untuk mencapai keuntungan maksimum, maka perusahaan penghasil CPO perlu berproduksi secara efisien. Penelitian ini menggunakan data-data perusahaan sawit yang berasal dari Survei Perusahaan Industri Manufaktur 2013 yang dilakukan oleh Badan Pusat Statistik. Pada survei ini terdapat 547 pabrik yang merupakan penghasil CPO. Pengukuran efisiensi menggunakan analisis Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) dengan satu output, yaitu nilai produksi serta dua input, yaitu jumlah pekerja dan nilai bahan baku. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan dari 547 perusahaan terdapat 17 perusahaan yang efisien yang ditunjukkan oleh nilai efisiensi sebesar satu. Dari nilai efisiensi tersebut dapat dilihat bahwa perusahaan swasta nasional memiliki rata-rata efisiensi tertinggi diikuti oleh perusahaan asing dan pemerintah. Sedangakan dilihat dari lokasi, perusahaan yang berlokasi di Kalimantan memiliki nilai efisiensi yang tertinggi dibandingkan dengan yang berlokasi di Sumatera dan daerah lain. Apabila dilihat dari orientasi pasar, perusahaan yang mayoritas CPO-nya dijual di dalam negeri memiliki rata-rata efisiensi yang lebih besar dibandingkan yang mayoritas diekspor.Kata kunci: CPO, efisiensi, data envelopment analysis (DEA)
This study aims to analyze the efficiency of raw materials supply and measure supply chain performance at PT XYZ. The method used to measure supply chain performance is SCOR. This research is limited ...to PKO raw material from suppliers and lauric acid products by PT XYZ. Results showed that the method of raw material procurement in PT XYZ was already efficient. The supply chain performance in PT XYZ was good yet only the POF matrix gives an unfavorable result compared to the brancmark from a similar company. Commonly in running operation of production, PT XYZ has several steps of supply chain that only involve suppliers, PT XYZ and direct to customer. The result showed from the measurement of matrix: level 1 is POF=88.36%, OFCT=44 days, and CTCCT=51 days. In level 2, PT XYZ conducted all activities in planning process (P1-P5), executing (S2, M1, M2, M3, D2, D3 and DR1) and enabling. On the mapping of level 2 obtained that the result of deliver process have the lowest performance and analysis in level 3 should be conducted to explain the deliver process in more detail.
The strategy to increase rice production is crucial to maintain food availability. The agricultural land expansion program in Central Kalimantan through the food estate program is considered an ...inappropriate solution considering social, environmental, and land conditions. The agricultural intensification method in Central Kalimantan is the answer to increasing the productivity of existing agricultural businesses by increasing production efficiency. This research aims to analyze the technical efficiency of lowland rice farming and the factors that influence it in Central Kalimantan province. This research used secondary data from the 2014 Rice Plantation Household Survey from the Central Statistics Agency. The data was analyzed using the stochastic frontier production function with Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE). The research results show that rice farming in Central Kalimantan is technically inefficient. Factors influencing the technical efficiency of rice farming are farmer age, land type, planting system, agricultural facilities, extension, farmer groups, and SLPTT participation. The low level of technical efficiency of rice farming in Central Kalimantan is an indicator that must be utilized to increase rice production so that food availability can be well-maintained.
Turi District is one of cayenne pepper production areas in Sleman Regency. The marketing of Cayyene Pepper is interesting to study especially after the chili auction market was established in Sleman ...Regency in 2018. Therefore, this study aims to compare the marketing of cayenne pepper through the auction market marketing channel with other marketing channels in Sleman Regency based on marketing margin, farmer’s share, and profit ratio to marketing cost. The data collection methods were purposive sampling method applied on farmers and snowball sampling method applied on marketing organization. The results showed that the marketing of cayenne pepper in Turi District, Sleman Regency in 2022 has five marketing channels, namely the auction market, collectors, wholesalers and traders. In addition, the marketing agencies involved have carried out the existing marketing functions, that is the exchange function, physical function and facility function. Basically, channel III through large traders has a quantitative indicator value of marketing efficiency that is better than channel I. Meanwhile, for local market destinations channel II has a better efficiency indicator value than channel IV which goes through small collectors. Keywords: auction market, cayenne pepper, marketing channels, marketing efficiency, marketing functions
The latest challenge faced by the Indonesian palm oil industry concerns the Delegated Act that has been adopted to limit the use of palm oil in biofuels because palm oil is considered to not support ...the sustainable development program. The objective of this article is to assess the suspension of Indonesia's palm exports to the European Union in terms of Indonesia's economic conditions. The Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model is used to assess the impact, and the results indicate that the suspension will not create significant impacts on the economic growth, GDP, macro-welfare, and exports and imports of Indonesia.
Most coffee farmers in North Sumatra still need to implement an integrated coffee and goat cultivation system. Only 0.2% of farmers have implemented the program. An integrated farming system cannot ...be implemented due to limited resources, and optimal conditions for an integrated farming system for coffee plants and goat livestock in North Sumatra have yet to be found. Therefore, this study aims to determine the optimal conditions for an integrated farming system for coffee plants and goat livestock to maximize farmers' income. The sample size is six farming units spread across three districts: Simalungun, North Tapanuli, and Karo districts in North Sumatra Province. Quantitative analysis using a linear programming model was carried out computationally with the help of LINDO 6.1 software. The study results show that the revenue for the optimal solution from the integration model generates IDR 169,358,700.00, 1.04% higher than the actual income. This was due to an increase in coffee bean productivity to 1.68 tons.ha-1 per year with a simple shading coffee pattern, namely coffee planting with a cover crop of 300 trees per ha, as well as an increase in the number of goats kept. , from the actual condition of 59.33 goats to 117 goats. Farmers are advised to utilize all products between coffee and goat farms as their respective production inputs and not sell intermediate products.
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