Digitalization of the economic field to welcome the era of industrial revolution 4.0 needs to be addressed intelligently so it is not harm the consumers and business actors through the transformation ...of consumer protection instruments into a more contemporary way. Currently, Indonesia has about 93.4 million Internet users and approximately 71 million users of smart phones which makes the internet and of course online transactions, as part of a lifestyle that is reflected through shopping behavior. The task of the State is to bring legal protection to consumers. Based on the consideration of actuality and urgency, to create the necessary level of certainty in business transactions and protect the consumer rights of e-commerce transactions the Government finally issued Presidential Regulation No. 74 of 2017. This regulation regulates the Electronic Road Based Electronic System Road Map (road map e-commerce). The Policy Package is intended to make Indonesia the largest digital economy in Southeast Asia by 2020. Legal umbrella is required in the form of law so that the state can provide a simultaneous and comprehensive legal protection of consumer rights in e-commerce transactions in the era of digital economy.
Phages and bacteria are known to undergo dynamic and co-evolutionary arms race interactions in order to survive. Recent advances from in vitro and in vivo studies have improved our understanding of ...the complex interactions between phages, bacteria, and the human immune system. This insight is essential for the development of phage therapy to battle the growing problems of antibiotic resistance. It is also pivotal to prevent the development of phage-resistance during the implementation of phage therapy in the clinic. In this review, we discuss recent progress of the interactions between phages, bacteria, and the human immune system and its clinical application for phage therapy. Proper phage therapy design will ideally produce large burst sizes, short latent periods, broad host ranges, and a low tendency to select resistance.
Lack of industry attention to the application of ergonomics can cause complaints of Work-related Skeletal Muscle Disorders (GOTRAK) in workers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential ...hazards of ergonomics and work station design for labeling unit workers at PT X. This research was a descriptive quantitative study. The population of this study were PT X labeling unit workers with the sampling technique namely sampling saturated a number of 21 respondents. The data collection technique was carried out using the SNI 9011: 2021 method. The results of the GOTRAK complaint risk level study showed that there were 6 parts of the skeletal muscle that had a high risk, namely the upper back muscles (47.6%), lower back (42.9%), left and right hands (28.6%), left and right hips (33.3%) and left knees (28.6%), and right knees (23.8%). The results of the research on the potential hazards of ergonomics stated that all respondents (100%) had a total value of potential hazards of ergonomics ≥ 7 including the dangerous category.
This study aims to find out the guidelines for freedom of expression on social media according to Muhammadiyah Information Fiqh and to know the limitations of freedom of expression on social media ...based on sharia maqosid in Muhammadiyah Information Fiqh. This research is a qualitative research in the form of library research. This research includes qualitative research which is research aimed at analyzing the research object holistically, descriptively without statistical analysis methods. The main object of this research is various basic principles or values in Muhammadiyah Information Jurisprudence. The research approach used is a philosophical approach (philosophy of Islamic law). Because as we all know, Indonesia adheres to a civil law system where on the principle of legality it states that the applicable law is only written law, while producing a written law takes quite a long time to be heard and promulgated. Therefore this study aims to explore legal formulations regarding freedom of expression in Indonesian legal regulations; to know the effectiveness of Muhammadiyah Information Fiqh accommodation in the concept of freedom of expression in Indonesia. The presence of Maqoshid Syariah is expected to be able to regulate freedom of expression behavior in accordance with the principles of Islamic law. This specificity is what makes freedom of expression must be regulated separately outside the realm of positive law.
To achieve this goal, research was carried out using normative methods with an Islamic legal philosophy approach, namely by exploring problems in social media, then identifying Muhammadiyah information fiqh and Islamic law canons based on maqasidu syari'ah. Finally, elaborating on Muhammadiyah information fiqh and Islamic law principles based on maqasidu syari'ah to answer as well as give direction in social media
The targeted output is the publication of articles in national journals, namely the Al Istinbath Journal indexed by Sinta 2 or 3. At the end of this research it is hoped to be able to create a model of applicable rules that can bridge the gap or gap between the speed of technological development and the speed at which the government issues regulations
Prediksi kurs tukar mata uang memiliki peranan penting dalam bisnis, salah satunya dalam hal international purchasing. Terdapat beberapa metode yang digunakan dalam melakukan forecasting mata uang, ...salah satunya adalah Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Berdasarkan beberapa penelitian terdahulu, ANN terbukti superior dibandingkan metode forecasting lainnya dalam memprediksi kurs tukar mata uang. Salah satu kelemahan ANN adalah tidak adanya setting parameter yang baku untuk digunakan, sehingga setting parameter yang berbeda dapat memberikan hasil akurasi yang berbeda. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan dua nilai parameter yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan, yaitu jumlah input node dan jumlah hidden node melalui metode design of experiment dalam memprediksi kurs tukar mata uang IDR/USD. Bobot awal dan bias pada replikasi yang memberikan performansi lebih baik dari replikasi sebelumnya disimpan untuk selanjutnya digunakan dalam membangkitkan forecast pada periode selanjutnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa delapan input nodes dan empat hidden nodes memberikan akurasi terbaik yang ditandai dengan nilai MSE test terendah. Selain itu, berdasarkan grafik perilaku MSE test dari setiap arsitektur jaringan yang terbentuk, dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam memprediksi kurs tukar mata uang IDR/USD, jumlah hidden nodes bersifat lebih sensitif dibanding jumlah input nodes. AbstractDesign of Experiment in Artificial Neural Network to Forecast Foreign Exchange Rate IDR/USD. Forecasting foreign exchange rate plays a significant role in business, for example in international purchasing. There are several methods used in forecasting foreign exchange rates, one of them is the Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Based on several earlier literatures, ANN has been proven as a superior method in forecasting foreign exchange rate compared to other methods. However, ANN has several weaknesses, for example, there is no standard parameters setting used in ANN, thus different parameters setting could lead to different accuracy. This research aims to determine two crucial parameters that give significant impact to the ANN model built; the number of input nodes and the number of hidden nodes, through the design of an experiment to forecast the IDR/USD exchange rate. Initial weights and bias in replication that give better performance than earlier replication are stored and used to forecast the data for next periods as needed. The result of this research shows that eight input nodes and four hidden nodes give the best accuracy to forecast IDR/USD exchange rate which is proven by the lowest MSE test score. Moreover, based on the MSE test behavior graph, the number of hidden nodes is more sensitive than the number of input nodes in forecasting IDR/USD exchange rate.Keywords: Artificial Neural Network; design of experiment; forecast; foreign exchange rate
Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan terbesar di dunia karena memiliki laut yang luas dan jumlah pulau yang banyak. Keberadaan hewan laut di Indonesia semakin terancam yang dipengaruhi oleh faktor ...alam dan manusia. Upaya dalam pelestarian hewan laut yang terancam punah masih belum diketahui terutama oleh anak-anak di kota Palembang. Pengenalan hewan laut yang terancam punah digunakan melalui permainan papan dengan memanfaatkan teknologi holografik. Teknik holografik ini dapat menarik perhatian anak-anak dalam mengenali hewan laut yang terancam punah. Dalam memecahkan permasalahan tersebut perancang menggunakan metode Design Thinking untuk pengumpulan data dan analisis data melalui metode 5W+2H (what, why, who, where, why, how dan how much), sehingga menghasilkan suatu ide yang dapat diterapkan pada tahap tes untuk anak-anak berusia 6-13 tahun. Karya yang dirancang dikategorikan menjadi tiga media, yaitu media utama berupa permainan papan holografik ”Hologame”, media isu diantaranya, poster, brosur, x-banner dan media pendukung diantaranya, t-shirt, tumbler, stiker, cap tangan, buku tulis, sampul buku, pensil, penghapus, handuk, mistar, miniatur, sampul kado, sapu tangan, piramida holografik, color markers dan video. Penerapan media tersebut menggunakan ilustrasi karakter hewan laut yang terancam punah, sehingga anak-anak di kota Palembang lebih menarik dalam mengenal hewan laut yang terancam punah.
Indonesia ratified the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) and enacted Laws that provide for the right to justice and legal protection for persons with mental disabilities, ...including the right to own and inherit a legacy. Paradoxically, the same laws legalize actions that undermine their rights. This study examines the legal protection accorded to persons with mental/intellectual disabilities over their inheritance rights as per the Indonesian three-pronged inheritance laws comprising Islamic law, adat law and the civil code. This research is descriptive, using a normative approach with a measure of doctrinal research. Indonesian laws still provide for substituted decision-making for persons with mental disabilities, which legalizes denying their right to legal agency. Ambiguities abound in the laws on important aspects, like how one is declared incapable of making legal decisions. Supported decision-making mechanisms for persons with mental disabilities in Indonesian laws would provide the basis for setting up support centers where persons with mental disabilities can access the necessary support to enable them to make legal decisions. This study can be useful in addressing issues that infringe on the legal rights and protections of people with mental disabilities.
Purpose: This research aims to ascertain the practice of land pawning as security for loans and understand its law. A land pawner utilizes the collateral and retains the proceeds. However, a land ...pawnbroker is not entitled to obtain the pawner’s land management results. Methodology: This study belongs to normative juridical research, examining the relevant legal provisions and their implementation in society. This research investigated problem-solving in the practice of land pawning under customary law. Findings: The findings reveal that the customary pawning practice refers to the pawner’s land position as collateral. Muslim communities sometimes commit land pawning to obtain loans. The land pawner utilizes the collateral and retains the proceeds. In contrast, the land pawnbroker receives no benefit from the pawner’s land management. Practicality: This study is anticipated to guide pawnshops and banking institutions to ensure that solutions that conform to Islamic law are developed when pawning land following customary law. Islamic law offers a solution to employ a multi-contract, not a single one, as conducted so far, among others via qard and ijarah contracts. Novelty/Originality: The solution to the land pawning issue is utilizing a multi-contract, such as qard and ijarah contracts. An ijarah contract is not a condition or ta’aluq of the qard contract, as is the case with customary law’s practice of pawning. The ijarah agreement is entered into when pawned commodities are used as a means out of the deadlock created by the practice of land pawning contracts according to customary law, which utilizes a single contract. The profit earned by the pawner is derived from ijarah. Both parties gain equally in this case; the owner of the pawned property retains ownership of the lien and receives a profit share from the rent on the land used as collateral for his obligations.
Pollution of groundwater is a primary issue because aquifers are susceptible to contamination from land use and anthropogenic impacts. Groundwater susceptibility is intrinsic and specific. Intrinsic ...vulnerability refers to an aquifer that is susceptible to pollution and to the geological and hydrogeological features. Vulnerability assessment is an essential step in assessing groundwater contamination. This approach provides a visual analysis for helping planners and decision makers to achieve the sustainable management of water resources. Comparative studies are applying different methodologies to result in the basic evaluation of the groundwater vulnerability. Based on the comparison of methods, there are several advantages and disadvantages. SI can be overlaid on DRASTIC and Pesticide DRASTIC to extract the divergence in sensitivity. DRASTIC identifies low susceptibility and underestimates the pollution risk while Pesticide DRASTIC and SI represents better risk and is recommended for the future. SINTACS method generates very high vulnerability zones with surface waters and aquifer interactions. GOD method could be adequate for vulnerability mapping in karstified carbonate aquifers at small-moderate scales, and EPIK method can be used for large scale. GOD method is suitable for designing large area such as land management while DRASTIC has good accuracy and more real use in geoenvironmental detailed studies.
This writing aims to find out the form of legal protection against misuse of the logo without permission and to find out the legal consequences for content creators on TikTok social media who misuse ...the logo. This research can provide information to content creators and the public to protect logos and to find out the legal consequences for parties who misuse logos. In this writing, normative legal research methods are used. This article has a novelty, namely a more specific discussion of logo misuse in terms of Law No. 20 of 2016 and the consequences of misuse of logos on social media. The result of this writing is to find out the form of legal protection for the owner of the rights to the logo, if the logo owner experiences a loss caused by another party then the party who caused the loss can be given sanctions in accordance with Law No. 20 of 2016 and to find out the legal consequences for content creators who misuse the logo without permission on TikTok social media are subject to imprisonment and/or fines as regulated in Law No. 20 of 2016, and can also file a civil suit for compensation and/or to stop misuse of the logo. If the violation is committed on social media, you can be sentenced to imprisonment for a maximum of 4 years and/or a fine of a maximum of IDR. 750,000,000,- (seven hundred and fifty million rupiah) as regulated in article 45 paragraph 3 of the ITE Law.
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