Fourteen species of marine red algae belonging to the Rhodophyta, 13 species of marine green algae belonging to the Chlorophyta and two species of the marine grass from the Embryophyta wire examined ...for their glycolipid and fatty acid compositions. Characteristic of red algae was their high content of 20:4 and 20:5. The green algal species were unusual in containing 16:4 varying from 4.9 to 23.1% of the total fatty acids; 16:0, 18:1 and 18:3 acids were also found in high amounts. Glycolipid contents of total lipid extracts of red algae ranged from 16.4 to 31.8 micromoles g-1 dry wt, while those in green algae varied from 10.5 to 31.8. The red algae contained almost equal quantities of monoglycosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG), diglycosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) and sulphaquinovosyldiacyl-glycerol with some exceptions. MGDG and DGDG were the major glycolipids in green algae and marine grasses, respectively.
The content and composition of lipids of alga
Ulva intestinalis
(L.) Link, collected at ten stations located in the small rivers of an arid zone of the Caspian lowland, have been studied. The ...relations between the content of lipids of
U. intestinalis
and abiotic factors have been analyzed (mineralization level, temperature rate, saturation by oxygen, and the acidity of the environment). It is established that the level of mineralization of the water is the defining factor affecting the composition of membrane lipids.
Diacylglyceryl-N,N,N-trimethylhomoserine (DGTS) belongs to a family of three known betaine lipids. It is synthesized by a number of bacteria, fungi, brown, red and green algae, in addition to ...lichens, and is also found in higher plants Bryophyta, Equisetophyta and Polydiophyta. It has been determined that DGTS plants can be DGTS-positive or DGTS-negative. The purpose of the present study was to examine the leaves of the ferns Drytopteris filix-mas (L.) Tod. and Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn, collected at different time periods during a single vegetation season for their DGTS contents. The results obtained show that amounts of DGTS in all of the species examined varies relative to the time periods in which they were collected.
The composition of hydrocarbons, fatty acids, and of total, polar, and neutral lipids was studied in freshwater Potamogetonaceae grasses collected in two different regions of the Volga river. More ...than 40 fatty acids and hydrocarbons were separated and identified by chromato-mass spectrometry. The variability of lipid characteristics of plants of the same family is discussed.
The effect of cadmium on clapsinng-leaved pondweed (Potamogeton perfoliatus L.) within the concentration range of 1-1000 mu M was studied. It was shown that P.perfoliatus leaves accumulated cadmium ...during three days. This process was accompanied by changes in leaf morphology. The sensitivity of biochemical metabolites to cadmium was different. Low concentrations of cadmium (1 and 10 mu M) increased the content of protein, total lipids, and photosynthetic pigments, whereas high concentrations (100 and 1000 mu M) decreased the content of total lipids and pigments but increased protein content. Based on cadmium sensitivity, structural lipids were divided into three groups resistant (neutral, phosphatidylglycerol, digalactosyldiacylglycerol, and sulfolipid), the content of which increased in the presence of cadmium; labile (monogalactosyldiacylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylinositol); and nonresistant (phosphatidylethanolamine). It is concluded that the lipid component determines the resistance of P.perfoliatus to cadmium.
The distribution pattern of total lipids, glyco- and phospholipids, and one betaine lipid (DGTS) in the fronds ofthe ferns Dryopteris filix-mas and Matteuccia struthiopteris was studied. The lipid ...composition of the embryo leaflets forming a bud, or "treble clef", and that of fully opened leaves changed throughout the growth season. The maximum amount of DGTS in clefs and mature leaves was detected at the beginning of the season. By midsummer, the DGTS content decreased, dropping to zero in the fully opened leaves, and then increased again. The amount of DGTS in the clefs collected in October versus those collected in May was somewhat higher in the case of Dryopteris filix-mas and almost twofold lower in the case of Matteuccia struthiopteris. The ratio between polar lipids contained in the clefs and mature leaves throughout the growth season was determined.
The purpose of the study is to identify the relationship between drought resistance indicators and the yield of potato plants under unfavorable conditions. A xeromorphic leaf structure is considered ...a diagnostic sign of plant drought resistance. The objects of the study were 24 potato varieties. Planting of seed, pre-planting tillage, harvesting and crop recording were carried out in the period 2020-2022 on the territory of the Samara Research Institute of Agriculture - a branch of the Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Growing conditions for 2021 and 2022 characterized by elevated temperatures and insufficient moisture. The number and size of stomata per unit leaf area were chosen as the criterion for xeromorphism. The studied varieties were divided into two groups (n=12 each) according to the number of stomata. In the first group, the average number of stomata was 26 thousand pcs./cm2 of leaf, and in the second group - 35 thousand pcs. (F=41, p=0.03). More developed structural features of xeromorphism and the accumulation of certain types of metabolites in the second group of varieties led to a 1.6 times greater yield than in the first less xeromorphic group (F=9, p=0.004). The second group was characterized by a large number of mesophyll cells per unit leaf area (584 thousand pieces/cm2 versus 557 thousand pieces), a high content of phospholipids (36 mg/g dry weight versus 31 mg/g), dry weight (0.19 vs. 0.17 g/g wet weight) and the ratio of membrane lipids to membrane proteins (1.4 vs. 1.2). In the less xeromorphic group of plants, the level of oxidative stress, assessed by LPO products, was 0.050 µM/g fresh weight and was 12 % higher than in the more xeromorphic group (F=6, p=0.08). The revealed positive correlation between yield and xeromorphic genotypes indicates the prospects of using this criterion in potato breeding or creating a variety model.
The distribution of O-(1,2-diacylglycero)-4'-(N,N,N-trimethyl)homoserine (DGTS), a betaine lipid, in ten samples of plants belonging to the division Lycopodiophyta collected in various habitats was ...studied. Homogeneous plant tissues (vegetative shoots and spikelets) and mixed tissues (shoots with spikelets) were analyzed. Particular attention was paid to the DGTS-synthesizing ability of various club mosses and to various tissue types forming an organ in a single plant species, as well as the ratio between DGTS and other glycerolipid classes. The English version of the paper: Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry, 2004, vol. 30, no. 6; see also http://www.maik.ru.
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