The OTELO survey Rocío Navarro Martínez; Pérez-García, Ana María; Pérez-Martínez, Ricardo ...
Astronomy & astrophysics,
09/2021, Letnik:
653
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Aims. We study a sample of Hβ emission line sources at z ∼ 0.9 to identify the star-forming galaxies sample and characterise them in terms of line luminosity, stellar mass, star formation rate, and ...morphology. The final aim is to obtain the Hβ luminosity function of the star-forming galaxies at this redshift. Methods. We used the red tunable filter of the instrument Optical System for Imaging low Resolution Integrated Spectroscopy (OSIRIS) at Gran Telescopio de Canarias to obtain the pseudo spectra of emission line sources in the OTELO field. From these pseudo spectra, we identified the objects with Hβ emission. As the resolution of the pseudo spectra allowed us to separate Hβ from O III, we were able to derive the Hβ flux without contamination from its adjacent line. Using data from the extended OTELO catalogue, we discriminated AGNs and studied the star formation rate, the stellar mass, and the morphology of the star-forming galaxies. Results. We find that our sample is located on the main sequence of star-forming galaxies. The sources are morphologically classified, mostly as disc-like galaxies (76%), and 90% of the sample are low-mass galaxies (M* < 1010 M⊙). The low-mass star-forming galaxies at z ∼ 0.9 that were detected by OTELO present similar properties as low-mass star-forming galaxies in the local universe, suggesting that these kinds of objects do not have a favorite epoch of formation and star formation enhancement from z ∼ 1 to now. Our sample of 40 Hβ star-forming galaxies include the faintest Hβ emitters detected so far. This allows us to constrain the faint end of the luminosity function for the Hβ line alone with a minimum luminosity of log L = 39 erg s−1, which is a hundred times fainter than previous surveys. The dust-corrected OSIRIS Tunable Emission Line Object survey (OTELO) Hβ luminosity function established the faint-end slope as α = −1.36 ± 0.15. We increased the scope of the analysis to the bright end by adding ancillary data from the literature, which was not dust-corrected in this case. The obtained slope for this extended luminosity function is α = −1.43 ± 0.12.
The OTELO survey Nadolny, Jakub; Lara-López, Maritza A.; Cerviño, Miguel ...
Astronomy and astrophysics (Berlin),
04/2020, Letnik:
636
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Context.
A sample of low-mass H
α
emission line sources at
z
∼ 0.4 was studied in the context of the mass-metallicty relation (MZR) and its possible evolution. We drew our sample from the OSIRIS ...Tunable Emission Line Object (OTELO) survey, which exploits the red tunable filter of OSIRIS at the Gran Telescopio Canarias to perform a blind narrow-band spectral scan in a selected field of the Extended Groth Strip. We were able to directly measure emission line fluxes and equivalent widths from the analysis of OTELO pseudo-spectra.
Aims.
This study aims to explore the MZR in the very low-mass regime. Our sample reaches stellar masses (
M
*
) as low as 10
6.8
M
⊙
, where 63% of the sample have
M
*
< 10
9
M
⊙
. We also explore the relation of the star formation rate (SFR) and specific SFR with
M
*
and gas-phase oxygen abundances, as well as the
M
*
-size relation and the morphological classification.
Methods.
The
M
*
were estimated using synthetic rest-frame colours. Using an
χ
2
minimization method, we separated the contribution of N
II
λ
6583 to the H
α
emission lines. Using the N2 index, we separated active galactic nuclei from star-forming galaxies (SFGs) and estimated the gas metallicity. We studied the morphology of the sampled galaxies qualitatively (visually) and quantitatively (automatically) using high-resolution data from the
Hubble
Space Telescope-ACS. The physical size of the galaxies was derived from the morphological analysis using
GALAPAGOS2/GALFIT
, where we fit a single-Sérsic 2D model to each source.
Results.
We find no evidence for an MZR evolution from comparing our very low-mass sample with local SFGs from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Furthermore, the same is true for
M
*
-size and
M
*
-SFR relations, as we deduce from comparison with recent literature. Morphologically, our sample is mostly (63%) populated by late-type galaxies, with 13% of early-type sources. For the first time, we identify one possible candidate outlier in the MZR at
z
= 0.4. The stellar-mass, metallicity, colour, morphology, and SFR of this source suggest that it is compatible with a transitional dwarf galaxy.
Introduction/objectives
Persistent hyperuricemia is a key factor in gout; however, only 13.5% of hyperuricemic individuals manifest the disease. The gut microbiota could be one of the many factors ...underlying this phenomenon. We aimed to assess the difference in taxonomic and predicted functional profiles of the gut microbiota between asymptomatic hyperuricemia (AH) individuals and gout patients.
Methods
The V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene of the gut microbiota of AH individuals, gout patients, and controls was sequenced. Bioinformatic analyses were carried out with QIIME2 and phyloseq to determine the difference in the relative abundance of bacterial genera among the study groups. Tax4fun2 was used to predict the functional profile of the gut microbiota.
Results
AH individuals presented a higher abundance of butyrate- and propionate-producing bacteria than gout patients; however, the latter had more bacteria capable of producing acetate. The abundance of
Prevotella
genus bacteria was not significantly different between the patients but was higher than that in controls. This result was corroborated by the functional profile, in which AH individuals had less pyruvate oxidase abundance than gout patients and less abundance of an enzyme that regulates glutamate synthetase activation than controls.
Conclusion
We observed a distinctive taxonomic profile in AH individuals characterized by a higher abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria in comparison to those observed in gout patients. Furthermore, we provide scientific evidence that indicates that the gut microbiota of AH individuals could provide anti-inflammatory mediators, which prevent the appearance of gout flares.
Key Points
•
AH and gout patients both have a higher abundance of Prevotella genus bacteria than controls.
•
AH individuals’ gut microbiota had more butyrate- and propionate-producing bacteria than gout patients.
•
The gut microbiome of AH individuals provides anti-inflammatory mediators that could prevent gout flares.
The identification of factors associated with Intensive Care Unit (ICU) mortality and derived clinical phenotypes in COVID-19 patients could help for a more tailored approach to clinical ...decision-making that improves prognostic outcomes.
Prospective, multicenter, observational study of critically ill patients with confirmed COVID-19 disease and acute respiratory failure admitted from 63 ICUs in Spain. The objective was to utilize an unsupervised clustering analysis to derive clinical COVID-19 phenotypes and to analyze patient's factors associated with mortality risk. Patient features including demographics and clinical data at ICU admission were analyzed. Generalized linear models were used to determine ICU morality risk factors. The prognostic models were validated and their performance was measured using accuracy test, sensitivity, specificity and ROC curves.
The database included a total of 2022 patients (mean age 64 IQR 5-71 years, 1423 (70.4%) male, median APACHE II score (13 IQR 10-17) and SOFA score (5 IQR 3-7) points. The ICU mortality rate was 32.6%. Of the 3 derived phenotypes, the A (mild) phenotype (537; 26.7%) included older age (< 65 years), fewer abnormal laboratory values and less development of complications, B (moderate) phenotype (623, 30.8%) had similar characteristics of A phenotype but were more likely to present shock. The C (severe) phenotype was the most common (857; 42.5%) and was characterized by the interplay of older age (> 65 years), high severity of illness and a higher likelihood of development shock. Crude ICU mortality was 20.3%, 25% and 45.4% for A, B and C phenotype respectively. The ICU mortality risk factors and model performance differed between whole population and phenotype classifications.
The presented machine learning model identified three clinical phenotypes that significantly correlated with host-response patterns and ICU mortality. Different risk factors across the whole population and clinical phenotypes were observed which may limit the application of a "one-size-fits-all" model in practice.
The OTELO survey Bongiovanni, Ángel; Ramón-Pérez, Marina; Pérez García, Ana María ...
Astronomy & astrophysics,
11/2019, Letnik:
631
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Context. The evolution of galaxies through cosmic time is studied observationally by means of extragalactic surveys. The usefulness of these surveys is greatly improved by increasing the cosmological ...volume, in either depth or area, and by observing the same targets in different wavelength ranges. A multi-wavelength approach using different observational techniques can compensate for observational biases. Aims. The OTELO survey aims to provide the deepest narrow-band survey to date in terms of minimum detectable flux and emission line equivalent width in order to detect the faintest extragalactic emission line systems. In this way, OTELO data will complements other broad-band, narrow-band, and spectroscopic surveys. Methods. The red tunable filter of the OSIRIS instrument on the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC) is used to scan a spectral window centred at 9175 Å, which is free from strong sky emission lines, with a sampling interval of 6 Å and a bandwidth of 12 Å in the most deeply explored EGS region. Careful data reduction using improved techniques for sky ring subtraction, accurate astrometry, photometric calibration, and source extraction enables us to compile the OTELO catalogue. This catalogue is complemented with ancillary data ranging from deep X-ray to far-infrared, including high resolution HST images, which allow us to segregate the different types of targets, derive precise photometric redshifts, and obtain the morphological classification of the extragalactic objects detected. Results. The OTELO multi-wavelength catalogue contains 11 237 entries and is 50% complete at AB magnitude 26.38. Of these sources, 6600 have photometric redshifts with an uncertainty δ zphot better than 0.2 (1+zphot). A total of 4336 of these sources correspond to preliminary emission line candidates, which are complemented by 81 candidate stars and 483 sources that qualify as absorption line systems. The OTELO survey results will be released to the public on the second half of 2019.
Abstract
Background
Antiviral prophylaxis is recommended in cytomegalovirus (CMV)-seropositive kidney transplant (KT) recipients receiving antithymocyte globulin (ATG) as induction. An alternative ...strategy of premature discontinuation of prophylaxis after CMV-specific cell-mediated immunity (CMV-CMI) recovery (immunoguided prevention) has not been studied. Our aim was to determine whether it is effective and safe to discontinue prophylaxis when CMV-CMI is detected and to continue with preemptive therapy.
Methods
In this open-label, noninferiority clinical trial, patients were randomized 1:1 to follow an immunoguided strategy, receiving prophylaxis until CMV-CMI recovery or to receive fixed-duration prophylaxis until day 90. After prophylaxis, preemptive therapy (valganciclovir 900 mg twice daily) was indicated in both arms until month 6. The primary and secondary outcomes were incidence of CMV disease and replication, respectively, within the first 12 months. Desirability of outcome ranking (DOOR) assessed 2 deleterious events (CMV disease/replication and neutropenia).
Results
A total of 150 CMV-seropositive KT recipients were randomly assigned. There was no difference in the incidence of CMV disease (0% vs 2.7%; P = .149) and replication (17.1% vs 13.5%; log-rank test, P = .422) between both arms. Incidence of neutropenia was lower in the immunoguided arm (9.2% vs 37.8%; odds ratio, 6.0; P < .001). A total of 66.1% of patients in the immunoguided arm showed a better DOOR, indicating a greater likelihood of a better outcome.
Conclusions
Prophylaxis can be prematurely discontinued in CMV-seropositive KT patients receiving ATG when CMV-CMI is recovered since no significant increase in the incidence of CMV replication or disease is observed.
Clinical Trials Registration
NCT03123627.
In cytomegalovirus (CMV)-seropositive kidney transplant recipients receiving ATG induction, immunoguided prevention is not inferior to prophylaxis to prevent CMV complications. Prophylaxis can be prematurely discontinued after CMV–cell-mediated immunity recovery with no significant increase in the incidence of CMV replication or disease.
People living with dementia (PLWD) and their family caregivers report higher rates of having a sedentary lifestyle than their non-disabled peers do. This study analyzed the effectiveness of an ...intervention designed to increase physical activity among PLWD and their family caregivers in primary health care settings. A cluster-randomized multicenter clinical trial was conducted. Participants from four health centers were randomly assigned to the intervention group (IG) or the control group (CG) in a 1:1 ratio using Epidat software. After a seven-day period with a digital pedometer (Omron Hj-321 lay-UPS), participants were asked to complete the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF). PLWD and caregivers allocated to the IG were given brief advice, educational materials and an additional 15 min appointment to prescribe an individualized physical activity plan. Seventy PLWD and 80 caregivers were assigned to the CG and 70 PLWD and 96 caregivers were assigned to the IG. Results of the pedometer assessment show that in PLWD, the IG's activity increased by 52.89 aerobic steps at 6 months and the CG's activity decreased by 615.93 aerobic steps, showing a net increase in the IG of 668.82 (95% CI: -444.27 to 1781.91;
= 0.227). For caregivers in the IG, activity increased by 356.91 aerobic steps and in the CG it decreased by 12.95 aerobic steps, showing a net increase in favor of the IG of 369.86 (95%CI: -659.33 to 1399.05;
= 0.476). The effectiveness of interventions to increase physical activity in this group of people with dementia and their caregivers did not achieved positive results overall but may have provided suggestions for family physicians and physical therapists to improve physical activity among people with dementia and their families.
Abstract Background Encorafenib plus binimetinib (EB) is a standard-of-care treatment for advanced BRAFV600-mutant melanoma. We assessed the efficacy and safety of encorafenib plus binimetinib in ...patients with BRAFV600-mutant melanoma and brain metastasis (BM) and explored if radiotherapy improves the duration of response. Methods E-BRAIN/GEM1802 was a prospective, multicenter, single-arm, phase II trial that enrolled patients with melanoma BRAFV600-mutant and BM. Patients received encorafenib 450 mg once daily plus binimetinib 45 mg BID, and those who achieved a partial response or stable disease at first tumor assessment were offered radiotherapy. Treatment continued until progression. Primary endpoint was intracranial response rate (icRR) after 2 months of EB, establishing a futility threshold of 60%. Results The study included 25 patients with no BM symptoms and 23 patients with BM symptoms regardless of using corticosteroids. Among them, 31 patients (64.6%) received sequential radiotherapy. After 2 months, icRR was 70.8% (95% CI: 55.9–83.1); 10.4% complete response. Median intracranial progression-free survival (PFS) and OS were 8.5 (95% CI: 6.4–11.8) and 15.9 (95% CI: 10.7–21.4) months, respectively (8.3 months for icPFS and 13.9 months OS for patients receiving RDT). Most common grades 3–4 treatment-related adverse event was alanine aminotransferase (ALT) increased (10.4%). Conclusions Encorafenib plus binimetinib showed promising clinical benefit in terms of icRR, and tolerable safety profile with low frequency of high-grade TRAEs, in patients with BRAFV600-mutant melanoma and BM, including those with symptoms and need for steroids. Sequential radiotherapy is feasible but it does not seem to prolong response.
We aim to describe a cohort of patients with KCNQ2-related epilepsy and evaluate the relationship between epileptic activity and developmental outcome. This topic is relevant for the selection of ...clinical end points in future clinical trials, since cessation of seizures may or may not be the most important outcome.
This retrospective cohort study of children with self-limited (familial) neonatal epilepsy and developmental and epileptic encephalopathy due to pathogenic variants in KCNQ2 was conducted between 2019 and 2021. We collected clinical, therapeutic, and genetic information. Available electroencephalographic recordings were reviewed by a neurophysiologist. Gross motor function was determined using the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). The Vineland Adaptive Behavior Composite standard score (ABC SS) was used to measure adaptive functioning.
Among 44 children (mean age 8.1 ± 4.0 years, 45.5% were male), 15 of 44 had S(F)NE, and 29 of 44 had DEE. Delayed seizure freedom was more frequent in DEE than in S(F)NE (P = 0.025), but no correlation was observed between age at seizure freedom and developmental outcome in patients with DEE. Multifocal interictal epileptiform abnormalities at epilepsy onset were more frequent in DEE than in S(F)NE (P = 0.014), and were associated with higher GMFCS (P = 0.027) and lower ABC SS (P = 0.048) in patients with DEE. Disorganized background activity at follow-up was more frequent in DEE than in S(F)NE (P = 0.001), and was associated with higher GMFCS levels (P = 0.009) and lower ABC SS (P = 0.005) in patients with DEE.
This study shows a partial correlation between epileptic activity and developmental outcome in KCNQ2-related epilepsy.
This study reports on a Mexican mestizo patient with a multi-systemic syndrome including neurological involvement and a type I serum transferrin profile. Clinical exome sequencing revealed complex ...alleles in
ALG1
, the encoding gene for the chitobiosyldiphosphodolichol beta-mannosyltransferase that participates in the formation of the dolichol-pyrophosphate-GlcNAc2Man5, a lipid-linked glycan intermediate during
N
-glycan synthesis. The identified complex alleles were NM_019109.5(ALG1): c.208 + 16_208 + 19dup; 208 + 25G > T and NM_019109.5(ALG1): c.208 + 16_208 + 19dup; 1312C > T. Although both alleles carried the benign variant c.208 + 16_208 + 19dup, one allele carried a known
ALG1
pathogenic variant (c.1312C > T), while the other carried a new uncharacterized variant (c.208 + 25G > T) causing non-functional alternative splicing that, in conjunction with the benign variant, defines the pathogenic protein effect (p.N70S_S71ins9). The presence in the patient’s serum of the pathognomonic N-linked mannose-deprived tetrasaccharide marker for ALG1-CDG (Neu5Acα2,6Galβ1,4-GlcNAcβ1,4GlcNAc) further supported this diagnosis. This is the first report of an ALG1-CDG patient from Latin America.
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