Previous work has shown that mitochondria play a critical role in priming stem cells to self-renew and proliferate. Here, we describe a protocol for enriching and identifying the mitochondria-primed ...stem cells (mpSCs) for their characterization and applications. We describe steps for enriching mpSCs with the environmental carcinogen 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in a skin keratinocyte lineage and for identifying mpSCs using single-cell transcriptomics and single-cell microscopy analyses of expression of relevant stem cell markers.
For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Spurlock et al.1
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•Enriching “mitochondria-primed” neoplastic skin stem cells with TCDD exposure•Identifying neoplastic skin stem cells by single-cell transcriptomics•Identifying “mitochondria-primed” neoplastic skin stem cells by single-cell microscopy
Publisher’s note: Undertaking any experimental protocol requires adherence to local institutional guidelines for laboratory safety and ethics.
Previous work has shown that mitochondria play a critical role in priming stem cells to self-renew and proliferate. Here, we describe a protocol for enriching and identifying the mitochondria-primed stem cells (mpSCs) for their characterization and applications. We describe steps for enriching mpSCs with the environmental carcinogen 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in a skin keratinocyte lineage and for identifying mpSCs using single-cell transcriptomics and single-cell microscopy analyses of expression of relevant stem cell markers.
Purpose The objective of the study is to systematically review the existing research in the topical domain of farmers’ direct link with supermarkets. The authors present a state-of-the-art structure ...of the field and provide directions for future research in the domain. The major aim of this study is to synthesize the research field and answer some specific questions, like what do we know about this field and where should we be heading.Design/methodology/approach A pool of 275 articles published from 2002 to 2022 were retrieved from the Scopus database and analyzed using the R-based Biblioshiny and visualized using VOSviewer. The research design is a mix of quantitative bibliometric technique and qualitative content analysis. Bibliometric method ensures the objectivity while content analysis ensures the scholarly evaluation.Findings Major findings include production trend, dominant keywords, leading publication outlets and country-wise analysis of the selected articles. The authors found that sub-domains like economic aspects, participation hurdles and the rise of supermarkets are the most researched topics while operational issues, their pragmatic solutions, sustainability and innovation are the emerging sub-fields that need more academic attention.Research limitations/implications The major limitation is the use of single data source, i.e. Scopus, and it is quite possible that useful studies that are not covered by Scopus remain excluded.Originality/value This study is one of the first attempts to systematically review the previous research on the selected topic. It will help researchers to understand the present status, identify future research directions, and pursue more reasonable and relevant topics of research.
Aspect category detection (ACD) is an important subtask of aspect‐based sentiment analysis (ABSA). It is a challenging problem due to subjectivity involved in categorization, as well as the existence ...of overlapping classes. Among various approaches that have been applied to ACD include rule‐based approaches along with other machine learning approaches, and most of them are statistical in nature. In this article, we have used an association rule‐based approach. To deal with the statistical limitation of association rules, we proposed a hybridized rule‐based approach that combines association rules with the semantic association. For semantic associations, we have used the notion of word‐embeddings. Experiments were performed on SemEval dataset, a standard benchmark dataset for aspect categorization in the restaurant domain. We observed that semantic associations can complement statistical association and improve the accuracy of classification. The proposed method performs better than several state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Although both nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and opioids are used for analgesia in acute pancreatitis (AP), the analgesic of choice is not known. We compared buprenorphine, an opioid, ...and diclofenac, an NSAID, for analgesia in AP.
In a double-blind randomized controlled trial, AP patients were randomized to receive intravenous diclofenac or intravenous buprenorphine. Fentanyl was used as rescue analgesia, delivered through a patient-controlled analgesia pump. Primary outcome was the difference in the dose of rescue fentanyl required. Secondary outcomes were the number of effective and ineffective demands of rescue fentanyl, pain-free interval, reduction in visual analogue scale (VAS) score, adverse events, and organ failure development.
Twenty-four patients were randomized to diclofenac and 24 to buprenorphine. The 2 groups were matched at baseline. The total amount of rescue fentanyl required was significantly lower in the buprenorphine group:130 μg, interquartile range (IQR), 80-255 vs 520 μg, IQR, 380-1065 (P < .001). The number of total demands was 32 (IQR, 21-69) in the diclofenac arm vs 8 (IQR, 4-15) in the buprenorphine arm (P < .001). The buprenorphine group had more prolonged pain-free interval (20 vs 4 hours; P < .001), with greater reduction in the VAS score at 24, 48, and 72 hours compared with the diclofenac group. These findings were confirmed in the subgroup of moderately severe/severe pancreatitis. Adverse events profile was similar in the 2 groups.
Compared with diclofenac, buprenorphine appears to be more effective and equally safe for pain management in AP patients, even in the subcohort of moderately severe or severe pancreatitis (Trial Registration number: CTRI/2020/07/026914).
BackgroundPain in acute pancreatitis (AP) can be managed by both opioids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), but evidence-based recommendations are lacking. This study aimed at ...comparing the efficacy of diclofenac, an NSAID with Buprenorphine, an opioid for pain relief in AP.MethodsIn this double-blinded randomized controlled trial, AP patients presenting within 5 days of the onset of pain were randomized to receive either diclofenac (75 mg q 8h IV) or buprenorphine (0.3 mg q 8h IV) for a total duration of 40 hours. Fentanyl was given as a rescue analgesic, via a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump, for a duration of 72 hours from enrolment. Records maintained included 1) Number of fentanyl-effective and ineffective demands; 2) pain-free interval; 3) dose of fentanyl delivered. Subjectively, visual analogue score (VAS) was recorded and objectively, pain relief was measured using the PCA pump data. Secondary outcomes included adverse events of the drugs.ResultsA total of 40 patients of AP (19 in Diclofenac group and 21 in Buprenorphine group) (IDDF2022-ABS-0256 Figure 1) were recruited in the study. Buprenorphine group required a significantly lesser dose of fentanyl, fewer effective and ineffective demands and longer pain-free intervals compared to the Diclofenac arm (IDDF2022-ABS-0256 Table 1). IDDF2022-ABS-0256 Figure 2 shows that VAS score recorded at each time point was significantly lower in the Buprenorphine arm. Pain relief in terms of VAS score reduction was significantly more in the Buprenorphine group. Both drugs were comparable in terms of their safety profile.Abstract IDDF2022-ABS-0256 Table 1 OVERALL PARAMETERS Diclofenac Arm (n=19) Buprenorphine Arm (n=21) P value TOTAL Fentanyl Dose (ug) 720 (100–2180) 120 (20–960) <0.001 TOTAL Effective demands 36 (5–109) 6 (1–48) <0.001 TOTAL Ineffective demands 5 (0–69) 0 (0–4) <0.001 TOTAL Pain free interval (hours) 8 (0–20) 20 (0–60) <0.001 Pain relief in terms of VAS score reduction (24 hours) 5% 76% <0.001 Abstract IDDF2022-ABS-0256 Figure 1Abstract IDDF2022-ABS-0256 Figure 2ConclusionsBuprenorphine was found to be more effective than Diclofenac for pain management in AP with comparable side effect profiles. (Trial Reg no: CTRI/2020/07/034974).
The number of malicious mobile and android based application targeting Android users and their smartphones has increase at a fast rate. In addition, these malicious harms causing application are ...powerful enough to download modules from remote servers which are usually run by malicious infectors, due to which unexpected events can be triggered inside the smartphones. Then, the attacker gets control and hold on the personal and private information and data which is stored within the person’s smartphone illegally.
Design of an Optimal IIR Full-Band Digital Differentiator Sharma, Abhay; Saini, Mayank; Gupta, Mridul ...
2024 2nd International Conference on Device Intelligence, Computing and Communication Technologies (DICCT),
2024-March-15
Conference Proceeding
In this paper a novel metaheuristic algorithm called the Coati optimization algorithm (COA) is used to design a 2 nd order infinite impulse response (IIR) full-band digital differentiator (DD) by ...optimizing the filter coefficients. The objective is to closely approximate the frequency response of the proposed filter so that it tries to meet the ideal frequency response characteristics of an ideal differentiator. COA is a population-based metaheuristic algorithm which imitates the natural behavior of coatis when they are attacking iguanas and evading from predators. Every member of the coati's population represents a possible optimal solution based on their positions in the search space. The COA based design of the IIR DD is compared with various other designs obtained with traditional algorithms and proved to be better in terms of various error performance parameters. Overall, these improved results for the proposed filter can become an inspiration for various digital signal processing applications.
Most of the knowledge intensive organizations are having their information resided in large text document repositories and most of these text repositories and databases are either unstructured or ...semi-structured. Recently various soft computing techniques have been used to improve information retrieval efficiency. More specifically genetic algorithms have been used for various information retrieval components like matching function learning, documents clustering, information extraction, query optimization 1 - 6. In most of the cases in information retrieval matching function is based on term frequency. But the problem with this approach is that the syntactic information of the text document is lost and phrases are also not considered, so results in poor accuracy. In this paper we have proposed a new semantic based similarity measure in which each term can be a phrase or a single word and the weight assigned to each term is based on its semantic importance considering each sentence. We have used this semantic similarity measure along with other standard similarity measure as Jaccard and cosine to form the semantic-based-combined-similarity-measure. Standard genetic algorithm has been used to optimize the weight given for each similarity measure.
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