The study of the provenance of dolomitic marble artefacts has become relevant since it was discovered that quarries of this marble other than that of Cape-Vathy located on the island of Thasos have ...been exploited since Antiquity. To improve our knowledge about the provenance of materials and the extent of their dispersion, multiple archaeometric studies were performed in the past including isotope analyses, petrography, cathodoluminescence, and elemental analyses. In the present work, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been added to this panel of techniques. NMR allows the characterization of the material at a molecular level by looking at different nuclei: carbon, magnesium, and calcium. Statistical analysis of the data collected on both quarry samples and archaeologic items was also implemented and clearly demonstrates the efficiency of a holistic approach for provenance elucidation. Finally, the first sup.25Mg NMR tests have shown the potential of this technique to discriminate between dolomitic marbles of different provenance. The results are discussed in terms of their historical meaning and illustrate the exploitation of sources of dolomitic marbles other than the Greek Thasos source.
Dentro de la investigación que se está llevando a cabo para identificar y caracterizar el mármol empleado en Galicia desde la Antigüedad, en este trabajo se presenta por primera vez un inventario de ...los capiteles marmóreos tardorromanos y altomedievales localizados en el ámbito del actual territorio gallego, incluyendo un importante número de piezas inéditas que amplían significativamente el número de ejemplares conocidos hasta el momento. En efecto, a pesar del interés y la calidad de estas piezas, hasta el momento no se había realizado ninguna revisión de conjunto sobre los capiteles marmóreos gallegos a pesar de la singularidad que representan dentro del panorama eminentemente granítico que identifica este territorio. Aunque la mayor parte de estos ejemplares aparecen descontextualizados o en posición secundaria, entendemos que existen elementos coincidentes que evidencian el interés mostrado desde la Antigüedad por obtener y utilizar el mármol en diferentes construcciones, realidad que siguió vigente en las múltiples reutilizaciones y usos a los que estas piezas se vieron sometidas. Así, al tiempo que se está completando el estudio analítico de este conjunto, en este artículo se presenta un primer avance sobre la caracterización del material empleado en la realización de estos capiteles, se reflexiona sobre sus principales características formales y estilísticas, se consideran los contextos de localización y conservación de cada una de las piezas, y se apuntan distintas consideraciones vinculadas al uso y reutilización de unas piezas de mármol que pueden ser de enorme importancia para comprender un poco mejor este fenómeno en el noroeste peninsular.
The study of the provenance of dolomitic marble artefacts has become relevant since it was discovered that quarries of this marble other than that of Cape-Vathy located on the island of Thasos have ...been exploited since Antiquity. To improve our knowledge about the provenance of materials and the extent of their dispersion, multiple archaeometric studies were performed in the past including isotope analyses, petrography, cathodoluminescence, and elemental analyses. In the present work, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been added to this panel of techniques. NMR allows the characterization of the material at a molecular level by looking at different nuclei: carbon, magnesium, and calcium. Statistical analysis of the data collected on both quarry samples and archaeologic items was also implemented and clearly demonstrates the efficiency of a holistic approach for provenance elucidation. Finally, the first 25Mg NMR tests have shown the potential of this technique to discriminate between dolomitic marbles of different provenance. The results are discussed in terms of their historical meaning and illustrate the exploitation of sources of dolomitic marbles other than the Greek Thasos source.
Se presenta una revisión analítica de las dos placas marmóreas localizadas en la parroquia de Carcacía (Padrón), expuestas en el Museo de la Catedral de Santiago de Compostela. En función del ...análisis arqueométrico realizado dentro del proyecto “Marmora Galicia”, frente a la consideración generalizada de que se trataba de piezas realizadas en mármol local, éste se ha podido caracterizar como procedente de las canteras de Trigaches-São Brissos, en la provincia romana de Lusitania. Esa y otras consideraciones llevan a cuestionarse el momento de importación de estas piezas al noroeste, así como el sentido y la función que podrían haber cumplido estas piezas en su lugar de destino.
El presente estudio da a conocer los resultados de los análisisno invasivosde colorimetría y espectroscopía de reflectancia visible llevados a cabo por primera vez sobre cinco ejemplos de escultura ...románica en mármol del Museo Arqueológico Nacional (Madrid) de procedencia gallega y leonesa. En concreto se han analizado dos columnas de San Paio de Antealtares (Santiago de Compostela), un parteluz de Vigo, y dos ejemplos procedentes del monasterio de San Benito de Sahagún (León).The present study reveals the results of the non-invasive analysis of colorimetry and visible reflectance spectroscopy, carried out for the first time to five examples of Spanish Romanesque marble sculpture from the National Archaeological Museum (Madrid, Spain) of Galician and Leonese origin. Specifically, two columns of San Paio de Antealtares (Santiago de Compostela), a mullion from Vigo, and two examples from the monastery of San Benito de Sahagún (León) have been analyzed.
Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, which enables the characterization of structures of a variety of materials whatever their crystallinity/amorphous state, is used in the present work to ...determine the provenance of two raw materials, namely marbles and cherts. Regarding marbles, the
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C NMR signal of the carbonate function contains information about both the Fe content in its area and the presence of calcium substitutions in the calcite crystal in its linewidth. Regarding cherts, discriminant information is provided by both
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Si and
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Al NMR: the
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Si area signal depends on the paramagnetic ion content of the material, and the
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Al spectra give information both on the aluminosilicate content and its distribution in tecto- and layer-lattice aluminosilicates. As an application, we use the differences observed from one source to another to determine the provenance of archaeological finds.
Probably the most important Romanesque artwork in Spain, the Portal of Glory of Santiago de Compostela is essentially made in granite, the most abundant stone in the NW of Iberia, with the only ...exception of five marble pieces. Different hypothesis on the origin of these marbles have previously been proposed based on visual assessment or by directly assuming a local source. To shed light on their quarry provenance, a multi-analytical study was performed combining polarized-light optical microscopy, cathodoluminescence microscopy, XRPD, SEM-EDS and stable C and O isotopes. The comparison of the results with the available databases reveals the use of marbles from the Estremoz Anticline (Portugal) in the three exquisitely carved columns strategically placed in the central arcade, whereas the other two pieces are local marbles, illustrating a more complex consumption of this noble material than that initially expected.
The organization of the GMPCA’s 23rd “Archaeometry” symposium in Chambéry (France) in May 2022 provided an opportunity to bring together those involved in archaeometric research, with the aim of ...showcasing the contributions of integrative approaches to the study of archaeological sites and the formulation of new concepts, such as the object biography. This article presents an overview of the presented studies and introduces this reflection on integrative approaches through the various contributions from the lectures and posters gathered in this issue of ArcheoSciences – Revue d'archéométrie. The intention herein is to confront the variegated nature of archaeometry and to account for the diversity of techniques and methodologies employed across a broad range of historical artifacts, addressing anthropocentric issues that enable a better understanding of past societies and meet the current conservation and restoration issues for these heritage objects.
L’organisation du XXIIIe colloque « Archéométrie » du GMPCA à Chambéry (France) en mai 2022 a été l’occasion de rassembler les acteurs de la recherche en archéométrie avec pour ambition d’illustrer les apports des approches intégratives dans l’étude des sites archéologiques et dans la formalisation de nouveaux concepts, comme celui de la biographie de l’objet. Cet article présente un aperçu des études présentées et introduit cette réflexion sur les approches intégratives au travers des différentes contributions issues des conférences et des posters rassemblés dans ce numéro de la revue d’ArcheoSciences – Revue d’archéométrie. Il s’agit ici d’aborder le polymorphisme de l’archéométrie et de rendre compte de la diversité des méthodes et méthodologies mises en oeuvre sur un vaste panel d’objets d’étude issus du passé répondant à des problématiques anthropocentrées permettant d’accéder à une meilleure connaissance des sociétés passées et de répondre aux enjeux de conservation et de restauration actuels de ces objets qui font patrimoine.
L’organisation du XXIIIe colloque « Archéométrie » du GMPCA à Chambéry (France) en mai 2022 a été l’occasion de rassembler les acteurs de la recherche en archéométrie avec pour ambition d’illustrer ...les apports des approches intégratives dans l’étude des sites archéologiques et dans la formalisation de nouveaux concepts, comme celui de la biographie de l’objet. Cet article présente un aperçu des études présentées et introduit cette réflexion sur les approches intégratives au travers des différentes contributions issues des conférences et des posters rassemblés dans ce numéro de la revue d’ArcheoSciences – Revue d’archéométrie. Il s’agit ici d’aborder le polymorphisme de l’archéométrie et de rendre compte de la diversité des méthodes et méthodologies mises en œuvre sur un vaste panel d’objets d’étude issus du passé répondant à des problématiques anthropocentrées permettant d’accéder à une meilleure connaissance des sociétés passées et de répondre aux enjeux de conservation et de restauration actuels de ces objets qui font patrimoine.
The study of the provenance of dolomitic marble artefacts has become relevant since it was discovered that quarries of this marble other than that of Cape-Vathy located on the island of Thasos have ...been exploited since Antiquity. To improve our knowledge about the provenance of materials and the extent of their dispersion, multiple archaeometric studies were performed in the past including isotope analyses, petrography, cathodoluminescence, and elemental analyses. In the present work, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been added to this panel of techniques. NMR allows the characterization of the material at a molecular level by looking at different nuclei: carbon, magnesium, and calcium. Statistical analysis of the data collected on both quarry samples and archaeologic items was also implemented and clearly demonstrates the efficiency of a holistic approach for provenance elucidation. Finally, the first
Mg NMR tests have shown the potential of this technique to discriminate between dolomitic marbles of different provenance. The results are discussed in terms of their historical meaning and illustrate the exploitation of sources of dolomitic marbles other than the Greek Thasos source.
![C, [sup.25]Mg, and [sup.43]...](http://api.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/image/issn/XR4PS5YY4K/1996-1944/small "C, [sup.25]Mg, and [sup.43]Ca Solid-State NMR for the Purpose of Dolomitic Marbles Provenance Elucidation")
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