Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a major factor influencing mortality in neonatal sepsis.(1) Clinical trials have supported the use of antithrombin and activated protein C ...supplementation in DIC associated with sepsis.
We have previously demonstrated a low‐affinity (0.8 μM, non‐covalent complex formation between high‐molecular‐mass kininogen (HK) and plasminogen (Plg) which prevented Plg interaction with glioma and ...endothelial cells. We have now extended our previous observations by exploring the potential complex formation between Plg and low‐molecular‐mass kininogen (LK) and between LK and HK with Plg cleaved with human neutrophil elastase (HNE). Plg cleavage by HNE (PlgHNE) yielded kringles gun 1–3, kringle 4 and mini‐plasminogen. PlgHNE was subjected to SDS/PAGE under non‐reducing conditions, followed by western blotting, and incubated with either 125I‐HK or 125I‐LK. Autoradiograms revealed that 125I‐HK bound to miniplasminogen and to kringles 1–3 but not to kringle 4 and the presence of 10 mM 6‐aminohexanoic acid (Ahx) disrupted only the interaction with kringles 1–3. In contrast, 125I‐LK bound to miniplasminogen but not to kringles 1–3 or 4 and Ahx had no effect at all. The complex formation of either HK (0.67 μμM) or LK (3 μM) with Plg (1.5 μM) did not affect its conversion to plasmin by tissue plasminogen activator (t‐PA) (100/ml) in the presence of a tissue plasminogen stimulator (0.14 μM). However, the rate of conversion of plasminogen to plasmin by t‐PA was affected when platelets were added to the reaction mixture. Since HK (0.83 μM) has been shown to inhibit plasmin‐induced platelet aggregation, we investigated whether this inhibitory property is found within the heavy chain shared by HK and LK. We found that LK inhibited plasmin‐induced platelet aggregation, but a 4‐fold molar excess was required when compared to HK. Compared to plasmin, 3–5‐fold molar excess of miniplasmin is required to induce platelet aggregation, indicating the important role of kringles 1–3 for plasmin interactions with these cells. These results indicate that HK and LK‐mediated inhibition of plasmin‐induced platelet aggregation is likely due to complex formation with kringle 5 without interfering with plasmin's active site. We found an additional interaction between HK and kringles 1–3 enhancing the inhibitory effect, presumably by interfering with plasmin's interaction with platelets. This HK and LK‐associated modulation of plasmin‐induced platelet aggregation may serve as a template to develop synthetic peptides as novel therapeutic agents to prevent some of the plasmin‐associated thrombocytopenia seen during thrombolytic therapy.
Background: The study aimed to estimate the duration of viral shedding (DVS) in patients with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), investigated the factors affecting that duration, and ...identified the redetectable positive (RP) cases in the recovered COVID-19 patients in Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC). Methods: The study was a retrospective record base design in the PSMMC that included 171 confirmed COVID-19 patients from 15 March to 31 May 2020. Their clinical characteristics and laboratory findings were retrieved and reviewed based on the PSMMC COVID-19 database and the Ministry of Health (MOH) Health Electronic Surveillance Network. Data analysis used the SPSS software package to measure the DVS, explore its potential factors, and identify the RP cases. The data presented as frequency distribution tables, medians, and interquartile range (IQR). Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests compared the medians to explore the significant variables that affect DVS. Results: The median DVS was 11 days, IQR was 7 to 15 days, and statistically significant longer the patient presented with fever (P = 0.025), among health care workers (HCWs) (P = 0.020), and the age group above 65 (P = 0.039). Overall, 13 patients (7.6%) were RP, statistically significantly higher among the contacts to confirmed COVID-19 cases. Conclusions: The DVS in PSMMC COVID-19 patients is comparable to the isolation period approved by MOH. Fever was a risk factor for a prolonged DVS, advised an extended follow-up period for these patients. RP cases were significantly higher among the contacts to COVID-19 cases than non-contacts. The study suggests future comprehensive research on the RP characteristics.
Cet article, conçu dans une perspective de recherche-création, retrace un projet personnel d’adaptation de l’ouvrage La Horde du Contrevent (Alain Damasio, Clamart, La Volte, 2004) en jeu de plateau ...(c’est-à-dire un jeu composé d’un plateau, de cartes et de divers accessoires, pour 2 à 4 joueurs), conduit de novembre 2021 à mars 2023. L’objectif de cette adaptation consistait à transcrire dans un dispositif ludique et collaboratif des éléments nodaux de ce roman de science-fiction qui a conn...
Beginning in February 1984, 187 evaluable patients with adenocarcinoma or large cell carcinoma of the lung clinically confined to the chest were randomized to receive either conventionally ...fractionated thoracic irradiation alone or thoracic irradiation with concurrent, prophylactic cranial irradiation. The study population included 161 patients treated for medically or surgically inoperable primary cancers, and 26 patients undergoing adjuvant postoperative mediastinal irradiation following attempted curative resection of primary cancers found to have metastasized to hilar or mediastinal lymph nodes. Elective brain irradiation was not effective in preventing the clinical appearance of brain metastases, although the time to develop brain metastases appears to have been delayed. Eighteen of 94 patients (19%) randomized to chest irradiation alone have developed brain metastases as opposed to 8/93 patients (9%) randomized to receive prophylactic cranial irradiation (p = .10). No survival difference was observed between the treatment arms. Among the 26 patients undergoing prior resection of all gross intrathoracic disease, brain metastases were observed in 3/12 patients (25%) receiving adjuvant chest irradiation alone, compared to none of 14 receiving prophylactic cranial irradiation (p = .06). In the absence of fully reliable therapy for the primary disease, and without effective systemic therapy preventing dissemination to other, extrathoracic sites, prophylactic cranial irradiation for inoperable non-small cell lung cancer cannot be justified in routine clinical practice. Further investigation in the adjuvant, postoperative setting may be warranted.
Cet article entend se pencher, à partir du cas français, sur ce que signifie le concept même d’islamophobie. En évitant le débat autour du vocabulaire – qui tourne avant tout autour du fait de savoir ...si l’islamophobie est une « peur » ou non –, le présent article souhaite réinscrire l’islamophobie dans sa dynamique raciale. Pour reprendre l’expression de Sadri Khiari (2009), l’islamophobie apparaît plutôt comme une « modalité idéologique » des contradictions raciales qui traversent la société française. En effet, l’islamophobie, dans sa complexité, nous permet de saisir la race comme non pas comme une métaphysique de l’intolérance ou une simple préjugé, mais comme une réalité sociale impliquant une structure idéologique totalisante – le racisme – dont l’islamophobie est l’une des formes. En revenant non seulement sur les difficultés à saisir l’islamophobie comme du racisme – l’argument souvent mobilisé étant celui selon lequel l’Islam ne serait pas une « race » –, mais aussi en discutant les similarités (et divergences) entre l’antisémitisme et l’Islamophobie, il s’agira ici de comprendre en quoi l’Islamophobie participe des contradictions raciales – qui sont, également, des contradictions sociales – de la France contemporaine.
L’histoire politique du Bangladesh, complexe et contradictoire, démonte tous les fantasmes entretenus aujourd’hui sur l’islam, érigé en ennemi global prenant la suite du défunt communisme. Le pays ...est devenu indépendant en 1971 après une guerre de libération meurtrière qui a vu sa population musulmane s’affronter au Pakistan, créé par l’ex-colonisateur anglais de l’Inde comme nation musulmane. Son gouvernement s’affirme d’abord laïc avant de décréter l’islam religion d’État et d’entamer une profonde réislamisation de la société. Aujourd’hui cette dictature militaire islamique avec à sa tête la Ligue Awami, l’ancien parti indépendantiste, a liquidé régulièrement toutes ses oppositions politiques au nom de la lutte anti-terroriste mondiale.
Pionnière dans la pénalisation du viol en 1980, la France a été en eurocrime qu’aurait entraîné l’unanimité dans l’acceptation de la nouvelle définition proposée par la Commission européenne. ...L’absence de consentement devient finalement pour tous le critère principal, et de nombreux pays ont aligné récemment leur législation avec la directive européenne. Sur le droit à l’avortement, la convergence est moins sensible, plusieurs pays mettent d’importantes restrictions. La constitutionnalisation de la liberté d’avorter et de sa garantie en France va peut-être conduire à son inscription dans les droits humains.
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