En este trabajo se presentan algunas reflexiones sobre la creación en las fuentes del siglo III de un modelo estereotipado del tirano que en la época alcanzaba el poder mediante un pronunciamiento ...militar en contraposición con los emperadores considerados legítimos elegidos o aceptados por el senado. El modelo presenta una serie de características comunes entre las que destacan la ruptura con la constitucionalidad, las guerras civiles desatadas, la presión fiscal para dar respuesta a las exigencias de los mandos militares, la corrupción endémica del sistema militar y fiscal y el asesinato sistemático de los opositores.
Reseña de la obra de Aróstegui, J. L., Rusinek, G., & Fernández-Jiménez, A. (Eds.). (2021). Escuelas musicales. Buenas prácticas docentes en centros de Primaria y Secundaria que educan a través de la ...música. Ediciones Octaedro
Nanoplastic particles are emerging as an important class of environmental pollutants in the atmosphere that have adverse effects on our ecosystems and human health. While many methods have been ...developed to quantitatively detect nanoplastics; however, sensitive detection at low concentrations in a complex environment remains elusive. Herein, we demonstrate a greener method to fabricate a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate consisting of self-assembled plasmonic Ag–Au bimetallic nanoparticle (NP) films for quantitative SERS detection of nanoplastics in complex media. The self-assembly of Ag–Au bimetallic NPs was achieved through thermal evaporation onto a vapor-phase compatible ionic liquid based on deep eutectic solvent over the growth substrate. The finite-difference time-domain simulation revealed that the localized field enhancement is strong in the gaps, which generate uniform SERS “hotspots” in the obtained substrate. Benefiting from highly accessible SERS “hotspots” at the gaps, the SERS substrate exhibits excellent sensitivity for detecting crystal violet with a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 10–14 M and excellent reproducibility (RSD of 5.8%). The SERS substrate is capable of detecting PET nanoplastics with LOD as low as 1 μg/mL and about 100 μg/mL in real samples such as tap water, lake water, diluted milk, and wine. Moreover, we also validated the feasibility of the designed SERS substrate for the practical detection of PET nanoplastics collected from commercial drinking water bottles, and it showed great potential applications for sensitive detection in actual environments.
Theoretically, a necrotic root canal fulfils all requirements as a niche for methanogens to inhabit. However, their presence in it and its implication in apical periodontitis (AP) is controversial. ...Therefore, to contribute to ending the controversy, this study aimed to detect and compare methanogens' presence in two distinct niches with supposedly different microenvironments; both were necrotic root canals associated with AP but one from patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) while the other from non‐diabetic patients. A clinical examination was performed on 65 T2DM patients and 73 non‐diabetic controls. Samples from necrotic root canals were obtained, and methanogens were identified. The presence of methanogens was three times higher (27.6%) in the T2DM group than in non‐diabetic patients (8.2%). In addition, methanogens' presence was associated with a higher prevalence of periapical symptoms.
Vaccines against bovine babesiosis must, ideally, induce a humoral immune response characterized by neutralizing antibodies against conserved epitopes and a cellular Th1 immune response. In Babesia ...bovis, proteins such as AMA-1, MSA-2c, and RAP-1 have been characterized and antibodies against these proteins have shown a neutralizing effect, demonstrating the implication of B and T-cell epitopes in the immune response. There is evidence of the existence of B and T-cell epitopes in these proteins, however, it remains to be defined, the presence of conserved peptides in strains from around the world containing B and T-cell epitopes, and their role in the generation of a long-lasting immunity. The aim in this paper was to identify peptides of Babesia bovis AMA-1, MSA-2c, and RAP-1 that elicit a neutralizing and long-lasting Th1 immune response. Peptides containing B-cell epitopes of AMA-1, MSA-2c and RAP-1, were identified. The immune response generated by each peptide was characterized in cattle. All peptides tested induced antibodies that recognized intraerythrocytic parasites, however, only 5 peptides generated neutralizing antibodies in vitro: P2AMA-1 (6.28%), P3MSA-2c (10.27%), P4MSA-2c (10.42%), P1RAP-1 (32.45%), and P4RAP-1 (36.98%). When these neutralizing antibodies were evaluated as a pool, the inhibition percentage of invasion increased to 52.37%. When the T cellular response was evaluated, two peptides: P3MSA2c and P2AMA1 induced a higher percentage (>70%) of activated CD4 +/CD45RO+ T cells than unstimulated cells. Additionally, both peptides induced the production of gamma interferon (IFN−) in PBMCs from vaccinated cattle after one year proving the implication of a long-lasting Th1 immune response. In conclusion, we identified conserved peptides containing B and T-cell epitopes in antigens of B. bovis that elicit a Th1 immune response and showed evidence that peptides from the same protein elicit different immune responses, which has implication for vaccine development in bovine babesiosis.
Current education requires the integration of digital technology. It is necessary to analyze the impact of the use of this technology on the educational process, and how they can be adequately ...integrated. This study, carried out over seven academic years in a Spanish University, gathers the perceptions of 91 education students who were training to become schoolteachers: based on their own previous experience as students, and after having participated in a technological-methodological project. By applying qualitative methodology, we conclude that the effective integration of technology in the teaching process requires continual feedback between technology, curricular content, and pedagogy. To achieve this, university-trained schoolteachers need to offer their students a sequenced technological-methodological empowerment process. It is necessary to implement a technological and methodological modification of the teaching-learning process in the first years of university training, with the aim of achieving long-term repercussions on all educational levels.
The aim of this study was to investigate how physical limitations after ACS influence patients’ quality of life and health perception. This was a longitudinal clinical study. We recruited 146 ...patients diagnosed with ACS. The patients performed a stress test (Bruce’s protocol) for the evaluation of physical limitations and were classified according to the test result: without physical limitations (more than 10 METS), with some physical limitations (7 to 9 METS), and with high physical limitations (less than 6 METS). Significant differences were found between the three groups immediately after the diagnosis of ACS and after a period of three months, regarding health perception, anxiety, depression, sexual relationships, distress, and adjustment to disease. These differences resulted larger between the group with less limitations and the group with higher limitations. After 3 months, however, there was an overall improvement in all variables. In conclusion, physical limitations after ACS seem to influence perceived quality of life determined by measuring general health, vitality, total adaptation, emotional role, social adaptation, depression, and anxiety. Therefore, the highest the physical limitations, the poorer the psychological conditions and vice versa, even 3 months after ACS diagnosis.
Telomerase deficiency leads to age-related diseases and shorter lifespans. Inhibition of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) delays aging and age-related pathologies. Here, we show that ...telomerase deficient mice with short telomeres (G2-Terc
) have an hyper-activated mTOR pathway with increased levels of phosphorylated ribosomal S6 protein in liver, skeletal muscle and heart, a target of mTORC1. Transcriptional profiling confirms mTOR activation in G2-Terc
livers. Treatment of G2-Terc
mice with rapamycin, an inhibitor of mTORC1, decreases survival, in contrast to lifespan extension in wild-type controls. Deletion of mTORC1 downstream S6 kinase 1 in G3-Terc
mice also decreases longevity, in contrast to lifespan extension in single S6K1
female mice. These findings demonstrate that mTOR is important for survival in the context of short telomeres, and that its inhibition is deleterious in this setting. These results are of clinical interest in the case of human syndromes characterized by critically short telomeres.
Pulmonary fibrosis is a fatal lung disease characterized by fibrotic foci and inflammatory infiltrates. Short telomeres can impair tissue regeneration and are found both in hereditary and sporadic ...cases. We show here that telomerase expression using AAV9 vectors shows therapeutic effects in a mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis owing to a low-dose bleomycin insult and short telomeres. AAV9 preferentially targets regenerative alveolar type II cells (ATII). AAV9-
-treated mice show improved lung function and lower inflammation and fibrosis at 1-3 weeks after viral treatment, and improvement or disappearance of the fibrosis at 8 weeks after treatment. AAV9-
treatment leads to longer telomeres and increased proliferation of ATII cells, as well as lower DNA damage, apoptosis, and senescence. Transcriptome analysis of ATII cells confirms downregulation of fibrosis and inflammation pathways. We provide a proof-of-principle that telomerase activation may represent an effective treatment for pulmonary fibrosis provoked or associated with short telomeres.
Endodontic freshly mixed sealers display toxic effects; however, these are significantly reduced and most become relatively inert in the set state but there is no information about the possible ...inflammatory reaction promoted by them. Four contemporary and different formulated endodontic set sealers (MTA Fillapex, BioRoot RCS, AH Plus, and Pulp Canal Sealer) were evaluated. Human periodontal ligament cells and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated for 3, 6, 12 and 24 h. Interleukin‐6, tumour necrosis factor‐alpha, interleukin‐8 and interleukin‐10 concentrations were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. All endodontic set sealer eluates promoted a similar production (P ˃ 0.05) of the four cytokines. However, their concentrations decreased within a short time period to nearly undetectable concentrations after 24 h, suggesting that the studied endodontic set sealers do not possess inflammatory properties which has favoured their long‐term use in clinical practice.
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