The present study aimed to compare clinical features, management, and outcomes between children and adolescents admitted as cases of multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in Indira ...Gandhi Medical College (IGMC), Shimla.
We conducted a cross-sectional study for MIS-C from January to July 2021, in the pediatric ward of IGMC in Himachal Pradesh. All children admitted with a diagnosis of MIS-C were included in the study. Data regarding socio-demographic factors, clinical features, and treatment modalities were extracted and analyzed using Epi Info V7 software.
A total of 31 children diagnosed as cases of MIS-C were included. The mean age was 7.12 ± 4.78 years. 71% were in group 0-10 years, followed by 29% in 11-18 years. Although the duration of hospital stay, mortality, and Kawasaki disease cases were more in children as compared to adolescents, the difference was not significant. Similarly, fever, rash, cough, hematemesis, tachypnea, respiratory distress, hypotension, vomiting, bleeding diathesis, hematuria, seizure, encephalopathy, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and lymphadenopathy were greater in children as compared to adolescents but were not significant. Likewise, abnormalities in various biochemical, hematological, inflammatory, and cardiac markers were deranged to a greater extent in children as compared to adolescents, but there was no significant difference. The need for various treatment modalities such as IVIG, methylprednisolone, low-molecular weight heparin, aspirin, respiratory Support, O
, ventilatory support, and inotropic support was more in children as compared to an adolescent, but there was no significant difference.
There was no significant difference in socio-demographic factors, clinical presentation, diagnostic test, mode of treatment, duration of stay, and mortality among children and adolescents.
Background: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of the individuals and treatment seekers has been immense. Telepsychiatry services were thus undertaken to continue the ...availability of services and maintain follow-up to reduce in-person outpatient visits. Aims and Objectives: (1) To study the sociodemographic and clinical variables of telepsychiatry service users and (2) To assess the compliance to telepsychiatry services in outpatient practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: The case details including sociodemographic variables and clinical variables of telepsychiatry service users from June 1, 2020, to May 31, 2021, were collected from the telemedicine pro forma approved by the institute. A comparison was drawn between the diagnosis of individuals seeking psychiatric help for the first time and old follow-up patients. The overall improvement and number of follow-ups were also analyzed. The data collected were tabulated and analyzed as per coding system using statistical analysis system software. Results: The data were analyzed and were studied retrospectively for a total of 300 patients. More patients were in the age group of 18–30 years (35.7%), males (70.3%), and were from an urban background (87.3%). The predominant reason for consultation was renewal of prescriptions (53.66%). Patients with International Classification of Disease diagnoses of F10–19, F30–39, and F40–49 were proportionately high. The maximum number of patients were followed up on 3–6 occasions (49.16%). 86.6% of the patients showed a significant improvement. Conclusion: The study concludes that telepsychiatry is very useful as a mode of treatment and its significant role in the enrollment of new patients with mental health issues as well as continuing follow-up, especially when physical consultations are difficult.
Management of dementia involves a multidisciplinary approach which also requires active participation from family members and caregivers. Thus, having easy access to information about dementia care ...is pertinent. Internet-based information is an emerging method for the same.
To perform a comparative assessment of patient-oriented online information available on treatment of dementia over web pages in English and Hindi language.
Observational study was conducted online through a general internet search engine (www.google.com). Web pages containing patient-oriented online information on treatment of dementia in English and Hindi were reviewed to assess their content and quality, esthetics, and interactivity. Appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.
A total of 70 web pages met the eligibility criteria. Content quality assessed using the DISCERN score was significantly higher for English web pages compared to Hindi web pages (
< 0.01). About 72.4% (21/29) of English and only 9.8% (4/41) of Hindi web pages had a total DISCERN score of 40 or above, indicating good quality. For esthetics, the median score for English pages was significantly higher than for Hindi web pages (
< 0.01). The web pages with Health On Net (HON) certification had significantly better content quality.
Our study revealed a scarcity of good quality online information about dementia and its treatment, especially in the Hindi language. English language websites showed better content quality than Hindi websites. HON Code label might be used as an indicator of better content quality for online resources informing on dementia treatment by lay people.
Background: MIS-C as a disease has varied symptoms and signs that affect multiple organs and systems in the body. The present study aimed to describe the clinical presentation among children admitted ...as a case of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children in Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla.Methods: We conducted a cross sectional study of children with MIS-C from January to July 2021, in the pediatric ward of Indira Gandhi Medical College Shimla in Himachal Pradesh. All children admitted with a diagnosis of MISC were included in the study. Data regarding clinical presentation was extracted and analyzed using Epi Info V7 software.Results: In the present study, a total of 31 children diagnosed and admitted as a case of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) were included. Mean age of these children was 7.12±4.78 years. Among the total 16 (51.6%) were males while 15 (48.4%) were females. All 31 patients had presented with fever and 13 (41.9%) patients had fever with rash. 5 (16.1%) had cough, 1 (3.2%) child presented with hematemesis, 18 (58.1%) had tachypnea at presentation and 15 (48.4%) patients had respiratory distress. 16 (51.6%) children had complaints of vomiting, 1 (3.2%) presented with bleeding diathesis and 12 (38.7%) had hematuria, 5 (16.1%) had seizures and 8 (25.8%) presented with encephalopathy. 19 (61.3%) children had hypotension, 15 (48.4%) had hepatomegaly and 15 (48.4%) had splenomegaly.Conclusions: It is very essential to characterize this syndrome to fully understand its spectrum, therefore we need to be continuously watchful for its varied clinical presentations, both for ensuring an early diagnosis and treatment of patients suffering from MIS-C.
The objective of this study was to develop and optimize golden milk using the incorporation of Curcuma amada and stevia into the milk and preserve it using pasteurization. The analysis was carried ...out by incorporating Curcuma amada powder and stevia in the milk and optimizing using the Response surface methodology. A set of thirteen experiments were done in which optimized golden milk with the maximum desirability was produced using 3.43 percent Curcuma amada and 0.35 percent stevia, according to the outcomes of the variable optimization. The physicochemical and biochemical characteristics of the milk were also accessed. The antioxidant activity of Functional golden milk is 56.14and total phenolic content was found to be38.04 to36.95 mg GAE. The product was accessed for its shelf life using a sensory score and found that it was stable for 7 days at 4°C.
Background: Schizophrenia causes significant neurocognitive impairment. Treatment with antipsychotics leads to improvement in psychopathology and neurocognitive functions.
Aim: To see comparative ...effectiveness of aripiprazole and olanzapine on neurocognitive profile of patients with schizophrenia.
Materials and Methods: This was a comparative, prospective, and interventional study. Patients with schizophrenia as per the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), were assessed on Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and neuropsychological tests at baseline. Patients were randomly assigned to aripiprazole (10-30 mg per day, orally) and olanzapine (5-20 mg per day, orally) groups on the basis of computer-generated random table number. Patients were reassessed at 10 weeks.
Results: A total of 40 patients completed the study duration of 10 weeks. At baseline, the majority of patients showed significant impairment in one or more domains of neurocognition. Both aripiprazole and olanzapine led to improvement in psychiatric symptoms as well as neurocognitive profile. Aripiprazole treatment leads to significant improvement in mental speed as compared to olanzapine. A highly significant decrease in the value of the Stroop effect indicates improvement (P = 0.000**) with aripiprazole and visual-spatial constructive ability (P < 0.001). The olanzapine group showed highly significant improvement in performance of category fluency (P < 0.01) and verbal fluency (P < 0.01).
Conclusion: The study concludes that aripiprazole and olanzapine have strong potential to improve specific domains of neurocognitive profile.
To assess antibiotic selection, administration, and prescribing practices in emergency departments across a large hospital system using evidence-based practices and susceptibility patterns.
This ...retrospective data review was conducted using health system-level electronic data compiled from 145 emergency departments (EDs) across the United States. Data were examined for national generalizability, most common diagnoses of infectious origin seen in nonadmitted patients in the ED, most commonly administered antibiotics in the ED, and geographically defined areas' unique patterns of antibiotic resistance and susceptibility.
More than 627,000 unique patient encounters and 780,000 antibiotic administrations were assessed for trends in patient demographics, antibiotics administered for a diagnosis of infectious origin, and corresponding susceptibility patterns. Results indicated that practices in the EDs of this health system aligned with evidence-based practices for streptococcal pharyngitis, otitis media, cellulitis, and uncomplicated urinary tract infections.
These results provide a representative sample of the current state of practices within many EDs across the United States for nonadmitted patients. A similar data reconstruction can be completed by other health systems to assess their prescribing practices in the ED to improve and elevate care for patients visiting the emergency room and treated as outpatients.
Background: Study was aimed to describe the oxygen requirements among children admitted as multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla.Methods: We ...conducted a cross-sectional study, from January 2021 to July 2021, in the pediatric ward of Indira Gandhi Medical College (IGMC), Shimla. Children admitted with a diagnosis of MIS-C were included. Data regarding socio-demographic factors and oxygen requirements were extracted and analyzed using Epi Info V7 software.Results: A total 31 children diagnosed as MIS-C were included. Tachypnea was present in 18 (58.1%) respiratory distress in 15 (48.4%). Optimal oxygen saturation (SpO2) more than 94% in 9 (25.8%), 93-94% in 8 (25.8%), 91-92% in 5 (16.1%), 86-90% in 2 (6.5%), 81-85% in 4 (12.9%), 75-80% in 1 (3.2%), 71-75% in 1 (3.2%) and <60% in 1 (3.2%). Oxygen at the rate of 2 l/min in 1 (3.2%), 3 l/min in 2 (6.5%), 4 l/min in 1 (3.2%), 5 l/min in 5 (16.1%) and 10 l/min in 9 (29.0%), was given through nasal prong in 1 (3.2%), Venturi mask in 3 (9.7%), NRM in 7 (22.6%) and mechanical ventilation in 7 (22.6%). Duration was for 2 days in 4 (12.9%), for 3 days in 7 (22.6%), for 4 days in 3 (9.7%), for 7 days in 1 (3.2%), for 10 days in 1 (3.2%), for 11 days in 1 (3.2%) and for 13 days in 1 (3.2%). Ventilatory support was given to 7 (22.6%), for 4 days in 2 (6.5%), for 7 days in 2 (6.5%), for 10 days in 1 (3.2%), for 11 days in 1 (3.2%) and for 13 days in 1 (3.2%).Conclusions: Oxygen is a crucial component of MIS-C therapy, children, observing a dip in SpO2 level should immediately start oxygen therapy.
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