The transcription factors TFIID and SAGA are multi-subunit complexes involved
in transcription by RNA polymerase II. TFIID and SAGA contain
common TATA-binding protein (TBP)-associated factor (TAFII) ...subunits
and each complex contains a subunit with histone acetyltransferase activity. These observations have raised questions about whether the functions
of the two complexes in vivo are unique or overlapping. Here we use
genome-wide expression analysis to investigate how expression of the yeast
genome depends on both shared and unique subunits of these two complexes.
We find that expression of most genes requires one or more of the common TAF
II subunits, indicating that the functions of TFIID and SAGA are widely
required for gene expression. Among the subunits shared by TFIID and SAGA
are three histone-like TAFIIs, which have been proposed to form
a sub-complex and mediate a common function in global transcription. Unexpectedly,
we find that the histone-like TAFIIs have distinct roles in expression
of the yeast genome. Most importantly, we show that the histone acetylase
components of TFIID and SAGA (TAFII145 and Gcn5) are functionally
redundant, indicating that expression of a large fraction of yeast genes can
be regulated through the action of either complex.
Issues and Opportunities in Exotic Hadrons Briceño, R. A.; Cohen, T. D.; Coito, S. ...
Chinese Physics C, High Energy Physics and Nuclear Physics/Chinese physics C,
04/2016, Letnik:
40, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The last few years have been witness to a proliferation of new results concerning heavy exotic hadrons.Experimentally, many new signals have been discovered that could be pointing towards the ...existence of tetraquarks,pentaquarks, and other exotic configurations of quarks and gluons. Theoretically, advances in lattice field theory techniques place us at the cusp of understanding complex coupled-channel phenomena, modelling grows more sophisticated, and effective field theories are being applied to an ever greater range of situations. It is thus an opportune time to evaluate the status of the field. In the following, a series of high priority experimental and theoretical issues concerning heavy exotic hadrons is presented.
High entropy alloy (HEA) is a composition tuneable alloy with a relatively simple crystal structure, making it convenient to regulate its hydrogenation performance as hydrogen storage material. In ...this study, the influences of temperature (RT, 300–600 °C) and partial elemental substitution on the hydrogenation performance of body-centred cubic (BCC) single-phase TiZrHfMoxNb2–x (x = 0, 1, 2) HEAs were thoroughly investigated. Results show that a smaller valence electron concentration (VEC) is the preferable parameter to enhance the kinetic storage capacity with other external factors (particle size, initial hydrogen pressure, activation parameters, cycle times, and mass) kept constant, even though the atomic size mismatch (δ) becomes smaller. It is demonstrated that the hydrogen absorption kinetic mechanisms at low and high temperatures are in accordance with the hydrogen atoms diffusion controlled geometrical contraction model and metal atom diffusion-controlled nucleation-growth-impingement model, respectively. Specifically, the increased hydrogenation temperature provides an external driving force for the phase transformation of HEAs from BCC to face-centered cubic (FCC) and facilitates the occurrence of such displaced phase transformation. The neighbor diffusion of metal atoms gradually becomes the rate-limiting step with the increasing hydrogenation temperature. Moreover, the increasing substitution of Mo facilitates the migration of atomic hydrogen in the lattice and accelerates the phase transformation of hydrogenation, as the hydrogen affinity of Mo is lower than that of Nb. In summary, achieving the correlation between hydrogenation performance to temperature and composition can facilitate a more in-depth understanding of displacive phase transformation in HEAs for hydrogen storage.
SETTING: The deterioration of immunity in cancer patients may be associated with a higher incidence of tuberculosis (TB).OBJECTIVE: Despite several previous studies on cancer and TB, no ...population-based investigation has been published. We performed a nationwide population-based
study to investigate the incidence of active TB among cancer patients, and the cancer-type specific risk factors related to TB.DESIGNS: This nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study was based on data obtained from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database. A total of
16 487 cancer patients and 65 948 controls matched for age and sex were recruited.RESULTS: The incidence of TB per 100 000 person-years was 339 in the cancer patients and 202 in the controls, which gives a crude incidence rate ratio of 1.68 (95%CI 1.42-1.98).
The hazard ratio (HR) was 1.67 (95%CI 1.42-1.96) after adjusting for age, sex and comorbidity. Cox regression showed that cancers of the aerodigestive tract, including oral, nasopharyngeal and oesophageal and lung cancer (HR 3.09, 95%CI 2.42-3.94) and haematological cancers, including
non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and leukaemia (HR 3.22, 95%CI 1.98-5.22), were significant risk factors for TB.CONCLUSION: Cancer patients have a higher incidence of TB than controls. Patients with aerodigestive tract, lung and haematological cancers are especially vulnerable to TB.
The process e^{+}e^{-}→D_{s}^{*+}D_{s}^{*-} is studied with a semi-inclusive method using data samples at center-of-mass energies from threshold to 4.95 GeV collected with the BESIII detector ...operating at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider. The Born cross sections of the process are measured for the first time with high precision in this energy region. Two resonance structures are observed in the energy-dependent cross sections around 4.2 and 4.4 GeV. By fitting the cross sections with a coherent sum of three Breit-Wigner amplitudes and one phase-space amplitude, the two significant structures are assigned masses of (4186.8±8.7±30) and (4414.6±3.4±6.1) MeV/c^{2}, widths of (55±15±53) and (122.5±7.5±8.1) MeV, where the first errors are statistical and the second ones are systematic. The inclusion of a third Breit-Wigner amplitude is necessary to describe a structure around 4.79 GeV.
The update performance in erasure-coded data centers is often bottlenecked by the constrained cross-rack bandwidth. We propose <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">{\sf CAU}</tex-math> ...<mml:math><mml:mi mathvariant="sans-serif">CAU</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="shen-ieq1-2991021.gif"/> </inline-formula>, a cross-rack-aware update mechanism that aims to mitigate the cross-rack update traffic in erasure-coded data centers. <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">{\sf CAU}</tex-math> <mml:math><mml:mi mathvariant="sans-serif">CAU</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="shen-ieq2-2991021.gif"/> </inline-formula> builds on three design elements: (i) selective parity updates, which select the appropriate parity update approach based on the update pattern and the data layout to reduce the cross-rack update traffic; (ii) data grouping, which relocates and groups updated data chunks in the same rack to further reduce the cross-rack update traffic; and (iii) interim replication, which stores a specified number of temporary replicas for each newly updated data chunk. We evaluate <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">{\sf CAU}</tex-math> <mml:math><mml:mi mathvariant="sans-serif">CAU</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="shen-ieq3-2991021.gif"/> </inline-formula> via trace-driven analysis, local cluster experiments, and Amazon EC2 experiments. We show that <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">{\sf CAU}</tex-math> <mml:math><mml:mi mathvariant="sans-serif">CAU</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="shen-ieq4-2991021.gif"/> </inline-formula> enhances state-of-the-arts by mitigating the cross-rack update traffic as well as maintaining high update performance in both local cluster and geo-distributed environments.
Purpose: Few studies have tested the cognitive flexibility, specifically auditory and motor flexibility of children with ASD. This study was conducted to understand the relationship between cognitive ...flexibility and visual, auditory, and motor development in young children with ASD and autistic behaviors. Participants and methods: A purposive sampling approach was used to screen nineteen four- to five-year-old ASD children. Tests included the Autism Behavior Checklist-Taiwan Version and Cognitive Flexibility Test, which included visual, auditory, and motor cognitive flexibility subtests. Results: At the pre-switch and post-switch of three subtests, there were considerable variations in the number of ASD passing. According to the findings, children aged five had more visual cognitive flexibility than children aged four, but the lack of significant differences for the other flexibilities. The negative correlation of the three cognitive flexibilities with autistic behaviors was − 0.57∼-0.64. Conclusion: Children with ASD have significant difficulties in switching rule tasks characterized by visual, auditory, and motor cognitive flexibility. The results suggest that visual cognitive flexibility had an age effect. The negative correlation of the three cognitive flexibilities with autistic behaviors was moderate.
Background: Screening for major depression with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) can be done using a cutoff or the PHQ-9 diagnostic algorithm. Many primary studies publish results for only ...one approach, and previous meta-analyses of the algorithm approach included only a subset of primary studies that collected data and could have published results. Objective: To use an individual participant data meta-analysis to evaluate the accuracy of two PHQ-9 diagnostic algorithms for detecting major depression and compare accuracy between the algorithms and the standard PHQ-9 cutoff score of ≥10. Methods: Medline, Medline In-Process and Other Non-Indexed Citations, PsycINFO, Web of Science (January 1, 2000, to February 7, 2015). Eligible studies that classified current major depression status using a validated diagnostic interview. Results: Data were included for 54 of 72 identified eligible studies (n participants = 16,688, n cases = 2,091). Among studies that used a semi-structured interview, pooled sensitivity and specificity (95% confidence interval) were 0.57 (0.49, 0.64) and 0.95 (0.94, 0.97) for the original algorithm and 0.61 (0.54, 0.68) and 0.95 (0.93, 0.96) for a modified algorithm. Algorithm sensitivity was 0.22–0.24 lower compared to fully structured interviews and 0.06–0.07 lower compared to the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Specificity was similar across reference standards. For PHQ-9 cutoff of ≥10 compared to semi-structured interviews, sensitivity and specificity (95% confidence interval) were 0.88 (0.82–0.92) and 0.86 (0.82–0.88). Conclusions: The cutoff score approach appears to be a better option than a PHQ-9 algorithm for detecting major depression.
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