The present work explores the behavior of three-dimensional incompressible viscous fluid flow and heat transfer over the surface of a non-flat stretchable rotating disk. A variable thickness fluid is ...subjected under the influence of an external variable magnetic field and heat transfer. Navier–Stokes equation is coupled with Maxwell equations to examine the hydrothermal properties of fluid. The basic governing equations of motion are diminished to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations using appropriate similarity framework, which are further treated with numerical scheme known as parametric continuation method. The parametric continuation method has combined interesting characteristics of both shooting and implicit finite difference methods. For validity of the present numerical scheme, a comparison with the published work is performed and it is found that the results are in excellent agreement with each other. Numerical and graphical results for the velocity, temperature, and magnetic strength profiles as well as skin fractions and Nusselt number are presented and discussed in detail for various physical parameters. The heat transfer process is reduced with positive increment of no-flatness parameter
ζ
, while Prandtl number increases the heat transfer rate at the surface of the disk.
The article explores the effect of Hall current, thermal radiation, and magnetic field on hybrid nanofluid flow over the surface of a spinning disk. The motive of the present effort is to upgrade the ...heat transmission rate for engineering and industrial purposes. The hybrid nanofluids as compared to the conventional fluids have higher thermal properties. Therefore, in the present article, a special class of nanoparticles known as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and iron ferrite nanoparticles are used in the base fluid. The system of modeled equations is depleted into dimensionless differential equations through similarity transformation. The transform equations are further solved through the Parametric Continuation method (PCM). For the parametric study, the physical parameters impact on velocity, energy, mass transmission, and motile microorganism's concentration profiles have been sketched. The obtained results are compared with the existing literature, which shows the best settlement. It concluded that the heat transmission rate reduces for Hall current and rises with radiative parameter. The results perceived that the addition of CNTs in carrier fluid is more efficacious than any other types of nanoparticles, due to its C-C bond. CNTs nanofluid can be more functionalized for the desired achievement, which can be utilized for a variety of applications by functionalization of non-covalent and covalent modification.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted the need for rapid and sensitive protein detection and quantification in simple and robust formats for widespread point-of-care ...applications. Here, we report on nanobody-functionalized organic electrochemical transistors with a modular architecture for the rapid quantification of single-molecule-to-nanomolar levels of specific antigens in complex bodily fluids. The sensors combine a solution-processable conjugated polymer in the transistor channel and high-density and orientation-controlled bioconjugation of nanobody-SpyCatcher fusion proteins on disposable gate electrodes. The devices provide results after 10 min of exposure to 5 μl of unprocessed samples, maintain high specificity and single-molecule sensitivity in human saliva and serum, and can be reprogrammed to detect any protein antigen if a corresponding specific nanobody is available. We used the sensors to detect green fluorescent protein, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) spike proteins, and for the COVID-19 screening of unprocessed clinical nasopharyngeal swab and saliva samples with a wide range of viral loads.
The histone variant H3.3 marks active chromatin by replacing the conventional histone H3.1. In this study, we investigate the detailed mechanism of H3.3 replication-independent deposition. We found ...that the death domain-associated protein DAXX and the chromatin remodeling factor ATRX (alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome protein) are specifically associated with the H3.3 deposition machinery. Bacterially expressed DAXX has a marked binding preference for H3.3 and assists the deposition of (H3.3-H4)(2) tetramers on naked DNA, thus showing that DAXX is a H3.3 histone chaperone. In DAXX-depleted cells, a fraction of H3.3 was found associated with the replication-dependent machinery of deposition, suggesting that cells adapt to the depletion. The reintroduced DAXX in these cells colocalizes with H3.3 into the promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) bodies. Moreover, DAXX associates with pericentric DNA repeats, and modulates the transcription from these repeats through assembly of H3.3 nucleosomes. These findings establish a new link between the PML bodies and the regulation of pericentric DNA repeat chromatin structure. Taken together, our data demonstrate that DAXX functions as a bona fide histone chaperone involved in the replication-independent deposition of H3.3.
The steady incompressible slip flow with convective heat transport under the impact of a variable magnetic field has been taken into an account over a revolving disk. The temperature dependent ...viscosity, density, and thermal conductivity has been scrutinized. The obtained system of nonlinear differential equations governing the induced magnetic field, steady flow, and heat transmission has put down in polar cylindrical coordinates. The subsequent arrangement of nonlinear PDEs are subside into dimensionless system of ordinary equations, while making use of similarity abstraction. The modeled equations are tackled through Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM). The skin fraction coefficient, heat transmission rate, and Nusselt number (skin effects coefficient) are deliberated. From the results, It can be perceived that the slip factor effectively controls the heat and the flow characteristics. The influence of dimensionless numbers such as Batcheler number
Bt
and magnetic strength
R
3
and
R
4
are explored and shown graphically. Further the out-turn of Prandtl number, relative temperature difference, suction parameter, and slip factor on the temperature fields and velocity profile are discussed.
The steady magnetohydrodynamic ternary hybrid nanofluid flow over a slender surface under the effects of activation energy, Hall current, chemical reactions, and a heat source has been reported. A ...numerical model is developed to increase the rate of energy transfer and boost the efficiency and outcome of heat energy dissemination for a diverse range of biological applications and commercial uses. The rheological properties and thermal conductivity of the base fluids are improved by framing an accurate combination of nanoparticles (NPs). The ternary hybrid nanofluid has been prepared, in the current analysis, by the dispersion of magnesium oxide, titanium dioxide (TiO2), and cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) NPs in the base fluid. The physical phenomena have been expressed in the form of a system of nonlinear PDEs, which are degraded to a dimensionless system of ODEs through the similarity replacement and numerically solved by employing the MATLAB software package bvp4c. The graphical and tabular results are estimated for velocity, mass, and energy curves vs distinct physical factors. It has been noticed that the variation in the magnetic effect enhances the energy profile while the increasing number of ternary nanocomposites (MgO, TiO2, and CoFe2O4) in water lowers the energy curve. Furthermore, the effect of both Lewis and Peclet numbers weakens the motile microbe’s profile.
In this paper, a model based on discrete wavelet transform and convolutional neural network for brain MR image classification has been proposed. The proposed model is comprised of three main stages, ...namely preprocessing, feature extraction, and classification. In the preprocessing, the median filter has been applied to remove salt-and-pepper noise from the brain MRI images. In the discrete wavelet transform, discrete Harr wavelet transform has been used. In the proposed model, 3-level Harr wavelet decomposition has been applied on the images to remove low-level detail and reduce the size of the images. Next, the convolutional neural network has been used for classifying the brain MR images into normal and abnormal. The convolutional neural network is also a prevalent classification method and has been widely used in different areas. In this study, the convolutional neural network has been used for brain MRI classification. The proposed methodology has been applied to the standard dataset, and for performance evaluation, we have used different performance evaluation measures. The results indicate that the proposed method provides good results with 99% accuracy. The proposed method results are then presented for comparison with some state-of-the-art algorithms where simply the proposed method outperforms the counterpart algorithms. The proposed model has been developed to be used for practical applications.
Mobile networks are facing an unprecedented demand for high-speed connectivity originating from novel mobile applications and services and, in general, from the adoption curve of mobile devices. ...However, coping with the service requirements imposed by current and future applications and services is very difficult since mobile networks are becoming progressively more heterogeneous and more complex. In this context, a promising approach is the adoption of novel network automation solutions and, in particular, of zero-touch management techniques. In this work, we refer to zero-touch management as a fully autonomous network management solution with human oversight. This survey sits at the crossroad between zero-touch management and mobile and wireless network research, effectively bridging a gap in terms of literature review between the two domains. In this paper, we first provide a taxonomy of network management solutions. We then discuss the relevant state-of-the-art on autonomous mobile networks. The concept of zero-touch management and the associated standardization efforts are then introduced. The survey continues with a review of the most important technological enablers for zero-touch management. The network automation solutions from the RAN to the core network, including end-to-end aspects such as security, are then surveyed. Finally, we close this article with the current challenges and research directions.
Risk assessment is the tool for maintaining perfect safety management systems and aiding sustainable process design, with hazard identification as the critical step. This step can be executed by past ...accidents analysis (PAA) to achieve the mentioned objectives. Despite of available analyses, the recurring of accidents identifies the shortcomings in PAA and requires a detailed examination as reported in this review. The intensified exploration of accident information will strengthen both the safety management system at existing facilities and process designing in terms of sustainability.
Past accidents analysis is a significant method for the crtitical hazard identification step of risk assessment. The analyses reported in literature to determine the trends for process industry accidents for safety systems of existing process plants and sustainable process designing are critically reviewed. Future directions for accident analysis are highlighted.
The human histone H3 variant CENP-A, replaces the conventional histone H3 in centromeric chromatin and, together with centromerespecific DNA-binding factors, directs the assembly of the kinetochore. ...We purified the prenucelosomal e-CENP-A complex. We found that HJURP, a member of the complex, was required for cell cycle specific targeting of CENP-A to centromeres. HJURP facilitated efficient deposition of CENP-A/H4 tetramers to naked DNA in vitro. Bacterially expressed HJURP binds at a stoichiometric ratio to the CENP-A/H4 tetramer but not to the H3/H4 tetramer. The binding occurred through a conserved HJURP short N-terminal domain, termed CBD. The novel characteristic identified in vertebrates that we named TLTY box of CBD, was essential for formation of the HJURP-CENP-A/H4 complex. Our data identified HJURP as a vertebrate CENP-A chaperone and dissected its mode of interactions with CENP-A.
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