Este artículo presenta los resultados de una intervención pedagógica que involucró la fotografía digital, el videoarte y la realidad aumentada con apoyo de programas como Quiver, Windows Movie Maker, ...editor de video de Windows 10 y Padlet, para mejorar los procesos de enseñanza de la educación artística en 26 estudiantes de quinto grado, entre los 10 y 11 años, habitantes del municipio de Buenavista en el departamento de Córdoba, Colombia. Basados en un enfoque mixto con corte descriptivo, se aplicaron un pre y un post test tipo Likert, antes y después de la intervención pedagógica, contrastando los resultados con el diario de campo elaborado por las investigadoras. Dentro de los hallazgos relevantes se encuentra que la tecnología aporta a la creatividad en la medida que el estudiante explora nuevas maneras de solucionar y proponer ejercicios que enriquezcan su sensibilidad y pensamiento crítico. Las metodologías que se aborden en relación al arte/tecnología posibilitan espacios de interacción, reflexión y posicionamiento frente a nuevas manifestaciones artísticas. El diario de campo como instrumento sistematizador genera en el docente cuestionamientos que deben ser tenidos en cuenta para mejorar sus metodologías de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la educación artística.
Excitation/emission matrix (EEM), single-scan excitation and synchronous fluorescence spectra of a series of FA and HA from distinct environments are presented. The EEM plots show at least four ...spectral features whose corresponding
Ex/
Em pairs relate to the α′, α, β and γ (or δ) fluorophores previously found in natural waters spectra. The α′ and α peaks, which identify typical humic-like components, are present in all samples, independently of the organic matter (OM) source. In FA, their
Ex/
Em pairs are ∼260 nm/460 nm and ∼310 nm/440 nm, respectively. In HA their excitation and emission maxima are red-shifted, the corresponding
Ex/
Em pairs being located at ∼265 nm/525 nm and ∼360 nm/520 nm, respectively. The appearance of β and γ (or δ) peaks is dependent both on the OM origin and on HS aging. The former (
Ex/
Em
∼
320 nm/430 nm), that has been associated with the incidence of marine humic-like material, is present only in a few marine and estuarine HA. It emerges as a shoulder on the α peak and its detection is dependent on a balance between its magnitude and the magnitude and emission maxima location of the α peak. The γ (or δ) peak (
Ex/
Em
∼
275 nm/315 nm in FA, and ∼275 nm/330 nm in HA), on the other hand, is better visualized in FA than in HA diagrams. It has typical protein-, mainly tryptophan-like, fluorescence properties and appears with varied significance in a few marine and estuarine samples being hardly detected in samples from exclusively terrestrial environments. It is also shown in this study that with selected
λ
ex,
λ
em and Δ
λ values, regular emission, excitation and synchronous spectra can, together, provide a good picture of the OM sources and aging for extracted HS.
OBJECTIVE:To determine the spectrum of phenotypes linked to the ABO blood group system, using genetic determinants of the ABO blood group system.
APPROACH AND RESULTS:We assessed the risk of 41 ...health and disease outcomes, and 36 linear traits associated with the ABO blood group system in the UK Biobank cohort. A total of 406 755 unrelated individuals were included in this study. Blood groups A, B, and O were determined based on allele combinations of previously established single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs8176746, rs8176719 in the ABO gene. Group AB was excluded because of its relative small sample size. Overall, 187 387 (46%) were male with a mean (SD) age of 57±8.1 years and a median total exposure of 64 person-years (interquartile range, 57–70). Of 406 755 individuals, 182 621 (44.9%) participants had blood group O, 182 786 (44.9%) had blood group A, and 41 348 (10.2%) had blood group B. ABO blood groups were associated with 11 health and disease outcomes (P<2.19×10). ABO blood groups were primarily associated with cardiovascular outcomes. Compared with individuals with blood group O, blood groups A and B were associated with increased odds of up to 1.56 (95% CI, 1.43–1.69) for thromboembolic events and decreased odds for hypertension (0.94 95% CI, 0.92–0.97).
CONCLUSIONS:The ABO blood group system is associated with several parameters of healthy aging and disease development. Knowledge of ABO blood groups might be of interest for more personalized approaches towards health maintenance and the prevention of diseases.
The abundance of California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) (CSLs) and Guadalupe fur seals (Arctocephalus philippii townsendi) (GFSs) from the San Benito Archipelago (SBA) was determined through ...nine monthly surveys in 2014-2015. Assessment of their foraging habits was examined based on the isotopic analysis of pups (maternal indicators) (SIAR/SIBER-R). Environmental variability between 2014 and 2015 was also analyzed, in terms of sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll (Chl-a) concentration. Both otariids reached their highest abundance in July of both years; however, relative to 2014, the 2015 survey showed a 59.7% decline in the total GFS abundance and a 42.9% decrease of GFS pups, while total CSL abundance decreased 52.0% and CSL pup presence decreased in 61.7%. All monthly surveys for both otariids showed a similar trend (>50% decrease in 2015). Compared to 2014, the 2015 GFSs isotopic niche was three times larger (2.0 in 2015, 0.6 in 2014) and the δ13C was significantly lower. CSLs also showed significantly lower δ13C and higher δ15N in 2015. Interannual segregation was greater for CSLs, and their pup body mass was also significantly lower during the 2015 breeding season (mean = 8.7 kg) than in the same season of 2014 (mean = 9.9 kg). The decrease in δ13C for both otariids reflected a more oceanic foraging; most likely associated with the decline in primary productivity in surrounding areas to the SBA, related to a higher SST caused by the 2015 ENSO, with a subsequent increase in foraging effort. These would explain the fewer observed individuals on land, especially pups, which showed diminished body condition (CSLs). This study highlights the importance of marine mammals as sentinel species that respond dynamically to changes in environment, providing valuable information on the effect of ENSO on pinnipeds in Mexican waters.
El uso de cultivos forrajeros para corte y acarreo o para ensilar es una alternativa para reducir los efectos negativos de la época seca en la alimentación de animales en sistemas ganaderos doble ...propósito en el trópico seco. Por otra parte, el uso de abonos verdes de leguminosas es una alternativa al uso de nitrógeno (N) químico para la fertilización en cultivos forrajeros. Con el fin de utilizar las leguminosas como abonos verdes en una forma más eficiente en fincas ganaderas, es necesario seleccionar leguminosas productivas de crecimiento rápidos y adaptadas a sequía y evaluar manejos alternativos de rotación con cultivos forrajeros. En este estudio se evaluaron cuatro leguminosas (Canavalia brasiliensis, Lablab purpureus, Clitoria ternatea y Vigna unguiculata) dos niveles de nitrógeno (0 y 50 kg ha-1), y dos manejos (siembra del cultivo en el primer o en el cuarto mes después de la incorporación del abono) dispuestos en un arreglo de parcelas divididas con tres repeticiones. Las leguminosas con más altos rendimientos (p
Un vehículo de guiado automático (Automatic Guided Vehicle –AGV-en inglés) es un sistema de transporte industrial completamente automatizado y alimentado por baterías. Estos vehículos son ampliamente ...utilizados en el sector industrial para sustituir a carretillas manuales y cintas transportadoras. El reto de la utilización de AGVs como agentes de transporte en entornos industriales pasa por dotarles de la inteligencia suficiente para desarrollar tareas colaborativas. Dentro de estas tareas colaborativas se diferencia el transporte multi-AGV de un objeto del transporte multi-AGV de múltiples objetos. Este trabajo presenta el estado del arte de las soluciones de transporte cooperativo de un objeto entre varios AGVs. Para ello, se revisan los fundamentos teóricos y se clasifican y describen varias propuestas para su resolución. Finalmente se propone una solución de control remoto centralizado para el transporte de una carga con AGVs omnidireccionales.
IMPORTANCE: Racial discrimination has a clear impact on health-related outcomes, but little is known about how discriminatory experiences are associated with neural response patterns to emotionally ...salient cues, which likely mediates these outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To examine associations of discriminatory experiences with brainwide response to threat-relevant cues in trauma-exposed US Black women as they engage in an attentionally demanding task. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from May 1, 2014, to July 1, 2019, among 55 trauma-exposed US Black women to examine associations of racial discrimination experiences with patterns of neural response and behavior to trauma-relevant images in an affective attentional control task. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and trauma exposure were entered as covariates to isolate variance associated with experiences of racial discrimination. EXPOSURES: Varying levels of trauma, PTSD symptoms, and experiences of racial discrimination. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Experiences of Discrimination Questionnaire (EOD) (range, 0-9) for count of the number of situations for which each participant reported having unfair treatment for a racial reason. Experiences of trauma and PTSD symptoms were assessed with the Traumatic Events Inventory (TEI) (number of times the person was exposed to trauma; score range, 0-112) and PTSD Symptom Scale (PSS) (score range, 0-51). Response to trauma-relevant vs neutral distractor cues were assessed via functional magnetic resonance imaging during performance of an affective Stroop (attentional control) task. Statistical analyses were conducted at a whole-brain, voxelwise level with familywise error correction. RESULTS: In this study of 55 Black women in the US (mean SD age, 37.7 10.7 years; range, 21-61 years), participants reported a mean (SD) TEI frequency of 33.0 (18.8) and showed moderate levels of current PTSD symptoms (mean SD PSS score, 15.4 12.9). Mean (SD) EOD scores were 2.35 (2.44) and were moderately correlated with current PTSD symptoms (PSS total: r = 0.36; P=.009) but not with age (r = 0.20; P = .15) or TEI frequency (r = –0.02; P = .89). During attention to trauma-relevant vs neutral images, more experiences of racial discrimination were associated with significantly greater response in nodes of emotion regulation and fear inhibition (ventromedial prefrontal cortex) and visual attention (middle occipital cortex) networks, even after accounting for trauma and severity of PTSD symptoms (brainwide familywise error corrected; r = 0.33 for ventromedial prefrontal cortex; P = .02). Racial discrimination was also associated with affective Stroop task performance; errors on trials with threat-relevant stimuli were negatively correlated with experiences of racial discrimination (r = −0.41; P = .003). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: These findings suggest that experiences of racial discrimination associate with disproportionately greater response in brain regions associated with emotion regulation and fear inhibition and visual attention. Frequent racism experienced by Black individuals may potentiate attentional and regulatory responses to trauma-relevant stressors and lead to heightened modulation of regulatory resources. This may represent an important neurobiological pathway for race-related health disparities.
The longstanding PEG (Phytoplankton Ecology Group) qualitative/conceptual model describes generalized seasonal phytoplankton dynamics in temperate lakes and suggests important mechanisms driving ...these processes. In the research presented here, we re-created the conceptual PEG dynamics using a novel mechanistic numerical plankton model. The numerical model incorporates only a handful of interacting factors and biological rules. Key model features include seasonally variable temperature, mixing depth, and light, dynamic zooplankton and phytoplankton populations, and multiple dynamic nutrient concentrations. The model design is unique in that it incorporates a population-rich phytoplankton assemblage where life-history traits of members are based on ecological principles (trade-offs between traits), allowing the assemblage to organize over time based on nutrient competition and grazing. Using 50th year solutions to the model solved with fourth-order Runge-Kutta methods, i.e., a period when the dynamics had reached stable non-equilibrium states, sensitivity analyses were run by individually varying model parameters +/- 50% and comparing the effect on model responses of interest. Simulation analyses revealed the important role light and temperature limitation played both early and late in the year controlling plankton biomass. Trade-offs in phytoplankton life-history characteristics determined the composition of the spring bloom under non-nutrient limiting conditions (fast-growing, edible populations dominated) and the post clear-water phase assemblage under low nutrient conditions (slower-growing, less-edible populations dominated). Grazer characteristics, specifically rate of grazing and spring “emergence”, determined the occurrence of the clear-water phase and influenced the post assemblage composition, where a clear-water phase was absent when the grazing rate was low or spring emergence absent, and the highly inedible populations were lost from the assemblage. Hydraulic flushing also played an important role where diminished inflow led to higher richness, evenness and diversity due to greater overwintering of less-edible taxa, which influenced phytoplankton composition during spring bloom, diminishing secondary productivity. These results increase understanding of the relative roles of fundamental mechanisms structuring natural aquatic ecosystems and reinforce the significance of key biotic and abiotic system components of temperate lakes.
Significant racial health disparities in infant mortality, preterm birth, and infant neurodevelopment exist in the United States. These disparities highlight a critical public health problem: ...Children of color are at a developmental disadvantage before birth. In this article, we describe how pregnant women from marginalized communities are disproportionately more likely to experience chronic stress in the form of discrimination, historical trauma, and acculturation. We integrate these understudied forms of chronic stress into allostatic load and prenatal programming models to describe how they can affect the health of two generations: the pregnant woman and her child. We describe psychophysiological ramifications of this early‐life stress in infants of color. The prenatal programming field has largely ignored the experiences of women of color, and we highlight the need for researchers to include, or focus exclusively on, diverse samples in their research to reduce disparities that are evident at birth.
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