RESUMO O uso da água salina na agricultura é uma alternativa viável, tendo-se em vista o aumento da demanda de água doce. Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar o crescimento e a produção de ...fitomassa da beterraba, sob irrigação com água de diferentes concentrações salinas, em experimento em condição de campo, no Campus da Universidade Federal de Alagoas, em Arapiraca. Os tratamentos foram cinco níveis de condutividade elétrica (1,0; 2,0; 3,0; 4,0 e 5,0 dS m-1). O delineamento foi em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. O máximo rendimento da beterraba aos 27 dias após aplicação dos tratamentos salinos foi obtido com uma salinidade de 3,0 dS m-1, para as variáveis altura de planta (AP), diâmetro do caule (DC), comprimento da raiz (CR), fitomassa seca da parte aérea (FSPA) e fitomassa seca total (FST). Aos 42 dias após aplicação dos tratamentos salinos, as variáveis fitomassa fresca da parte aérea (FFPA), fitomassa fresca da raiz (FFR), fitomassa fresca total (FFT), fitomassa seca da parte aérea (FSPA) e fitomassa seca total (FST) aumentaram com o aumento da salinidade da água. A chuva pode ter influenciado os resultados obtidos para as avaliações, realizadas aos 42 dias após aplicação dos tratamentos salinos.
Objetivo: identificar a produção científica sobre as ações/intervenções que podem ser desenvolvidas pelo enfermeiro na atenção e prevenção de danos da depressão puerperal. Método: trata-se de um ...estudo bibliográfico, descritivo, tipo revisão integrativa, entre 2009 a 2018, nas Bases de Dados MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF e BVS. Adotou-se a estratégia PICO. Sistematizaram-se os dados pela técnica da Análise de Conteúdo na modalidade Análise Temática Categorial. Resultados: compôs-se a amostra por 11 artigos. Identificaram-se as seguintes ações/intervenções: identificar sinais e sintomas da depressão puerperal; realizar consulta de pré-natal; realizar educação em saúde; incentivar o parto normal; apoiar condições psicológicas; encaminhar para serviço especializado. Conclusão: conclui-se que há a necessidade de que o enfermeiro tenha conhecimento sobre a depressão puerperal para, assim, acompanhar a mulher de maneira integral, a partir do período gestacional até o puerpério, devendo ofertar uma assistência adequada. Descritores: Depressão Pós-Parto; Gestantes; Enfermagem; Prevenção & Controle; Atenção à Saúde; Assistência Integral à Saúde.AbstractObjective: to identify the scientific production on the actions/interventions that can be developed by nurses in the care and prevention of damage from puerperal depression. Method: this is a bibliographic, descriptive, integrative review type study, between 2009 and 2018, in the MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF and BVS databases. The PICO strategy was adopted. The data were systematized using the Content Analysis technique in the category Thematic Analysis. Results: the sample was composed of 11 articles. The following actions/interventions were identified: identifying signs and symptoms of puerperal depression; perform prenatal consultation; carry out health education; encourage normal birth; support psychological conditions; refer to specialized service. Conclusion: it is concluded that there is a need for nurses to have knowledge about puerperal depression in order, thus, to accompany the woman in a comprehensive way, from the gestational period until the puerperium, and must offer adequate assistance. Descriptors: Depression; Postpartum; Pregnant Women; Nursing; Prevention & Control; Health Care (Public Health); Comprehensive Health Care.ResumenObjetivo: identificar la producción científica sobre las acciones / intervenciones que pueden desarrollar el enfermero en el cuidado y prevención del daño por depresión puerperal. Método: este es un estudio de tipo de revisión bibliográfica, descriptiva e integradora, entre 2009 y 2018, en las bases de datos MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF y BVS. La estrategia PICO fue adoptada. Los datos se sistematizaron utilizando la técnica de Análisis de Contenido en la modalidad Análisis Temático Categorial. Resultados: la muestra estuvo compuesta por 11 artículos. Se identificaron las siguientes acciones / intervenciones: identificación de signos y síntomas de depresión puerperal; realizar consultas prenatales; llevar a cabo educación sanitaria; alentar el parto normal; apoyar condiciones psicológicas; remitir a servicio especializado. Conclusión: se concluye que es necesario que el enfermero tenga conocimiento sobre la depresión puerperal para poder acompañar a la mujer de manera integral, desde el período gestacional hasta el puerperio, y debe ofrecer asistencia adecuada. Descriptores: Depresión Posparto; Mujeres Embarazadas; Enfermeira; Prevención & Control; Atención a la Salud; Atención Integral de Salud.
O uso de inoculantes na cultura do milho tem sido cada vez mais valorizado, em vista dos benefícios que pode trazer à cultura, como a fixação biológica do nitrogênio e o aumento da quantidade de ...raízes. Isto pode melhorar a absorção de água e nutrientes pela planta, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento do milho, principalmente em períodos de seca. Este estudo foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar, em condições de campo, as características agronômicas e o rendimento de grãos de híbridos de milho, inoculados, ou não, com uma mistura de três espécies de Azospirillum (A. brasilense, A. lipoferum, A. oryzae). Foram avaliados o teor relativo de clorofila nas folhas, a altura de planta, a senescência foliar, os componentes de rendimento de grãos, o teor de N, a matéria seca da parte aérea das plantas e o número mais provável de bactérias diazotróficas na rizosfera das plantas. A inoculação manteve o teor de clorofila significativamente maior até o estádio R3 das plantas, para os três híbridos testados, aumentou o rendimento da matéria seca da parte aérea, dos híbridos AS 1575 e SHS 5050, o peso de 1000 grãos, para o híbrido P32R48 e altura, para o AS 1575. Houve interação entre os genótipos de milho e as bactérias inoculadas, visto que, cada híbrido testado respondeu de forma diferente à inoculação. A inoculação de Azospirillum em milho demonstrou estimular o desenvolvimento das plantas no período vegetativo, aumentando a probabilidade de obter-se um estande de plantas uniforme, maior resistência ao estresse e maior concentração de clorofila nas folhas.
Biopolymeric films with silver sulfadiazine (AgSD) are proposed as an alternative to the occlusive AgSD-containing creams and gauzes, which are commonly used in the treatment of conventional burns. ...While the recognized cytotoxicity of AgSD has been reported to compromise its use as an antimicrobial drug in pharmaceuticals, this limitation can be overcome by developing sustained-release formulations. Microporous materials as zeolites can be used as drug delivery systems for sustained release of AgSD. The purpose of this work was the development and characterization of chitosan/zeolite composite films to be used as wound dressings. Zeolite was impregnated with AgSD before the production of the composite films. The physicochemical properties of zeolites and the films were evaluated, as well as the antimicrobial activity of the polymeric films and the cytotoxicity of the films in fibroblasts Balb 3T3/c. Impregnated zeolite exhibited changes in FTIR spectra and XRD diffraction patterns, in comparison to non-impregnated composites, which corroborate the results obtained with EDX-SEM. The pure chitosan film was compact and without noticeable defects and macropores, while the film with zeolite was opaquer, more rigid, and efficient against Candida albicans and some gram-negative bacteria. The safety evaluation showed that although the AgSD films present cytotoxicity, they could be used in a concentration-dependent fashion.
Background
The Direct Assessment of Functional Status (DAFS) is the only instrument validated in Brazil that assesses functionality directly with the patient. However, this clinical tool takes a long ...time to be administered. This limits its use in hospitals and outpatient clinics that require brief assessment instruments. Additionally, we need to count with a direct assessment because the number of older adults living alone is increasing and we thus lack reliable informants.
Objective
This study aimed to present the development and content validity evidence of a direct complex functionality test for older adults, the Brief Instrument for Direct Functionality Assessment (BIDFA).
Method
A total sample of 30 older adults and eight expert judges took part in the study stages. The BIDFA construction stages were: (1) literature review of functionality instruments; (2) development of seven ecological tasks to evaluate the performance of daily complex activities with the older adults; (3) content analysis by eight expert judges; (4) pilot study with 30 older adults; (5) the ecological analysis of items; (6) focus group analysis; and (7) final version of the BIDFA.
Results
The BIDFA had evidence of content validity with an agreement index of 96.5%. The final version of BIDFA was left with six domains of complex functionality divided into semantic memory and time orientation; shopping skills; executive attention, math and finance skills; organization; planning and procedural memory; and problem-solving. The complex functionality score by BIDFA ranges from 0 to 100 points.
Conclusion
The BIDFA was found to have good content validity by the expert judges and by the ecological analysis of the items by the older adults. The new instrument is expected to help assess the functional status of older adults, in an abbreviated context including complex functionality demands, with a wider range of total and subdomain scores.
•Method based on IR spectra and classification methods to detect additives in gasoline.•Three classification methods (LDA, PLS-DA, SVM) were compared.•Three algorithms for selection of variables for ...LDA were evaluated – SW, GA, SPA.•The best results were obtained for the MIR region using the LDA/SPA and LDA/GA.•100% correct classification was achieved for the test set.
Gasoline may contain additives which can minimize the amount of pollutants emitted to the atmosphere. Detergents and dispersants added to gasoline can reduce gas emissions towards atmosphere and the formation of deposits in engines. The Brazilian Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuel (ANP) has established that Brazilian commercial gasoline must contain detergent and dispersant additives, thus requiring the development of methods for their identification in commercial gasoline. This work proposes a methodology which uses infrared spectra in the medium and near region (MIR and NIR) of the residue of distillation for classification of gasoline samples into two groups: with or without detergent/dispersant additives. The performances of three types of classification methods were compared: linear discriminant analysis (LDA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and Support Vector Machines (SVM). Different algorithms for selection of spectral variables for LDA were evaluated: stepwise (SW), genetic algorithm (GA) and successive projections algorithm (SPA). The best results were obtained using LDA/GA or SPA/LDA for MIR region.
Leprosy is a chronic dermato-neurological disease caused by infection with Mycobacterium leprae. In 2013 almost 200,000 new cases of leprosy were detected around the world. Since the first symptoms ...take from years to decades to appear, the total number of asymptomatic patients is impossible to predict. Although leprosy is one of the oldest records of human disease, the mechanisms involved with its transmission and epidemiology are still not completely understood. In the present work, we experimentally investigated the hypothesis that the mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus and the hemiptera Rhodnius prolixus act as leprosy vectors. By means of real-time PCR quantification of M. leprae 16SrRNA, we found that M. leprae remained viable inside the digestive tract of Rhodnius prolixus for 20 days after oral infection. In contrast, in the gut of both mosquito species tested, we were not able to detect M. leprae RNA after a similar period of time. Inside the kissing bug Rhodnius prolixus digestive tract, M. leprae was initially restricted to the anterior midgut, but gradually moved towards the hindgut, in a time course reminiscent of the life cycle of Trypanosoma cruzi, a well-known pathogen transmitted by this insect. The maintenance of M. leprae infectivity inside the digestive tract of this kissing bug is further supported by successful mice footpad inoculation with feces collected 20 days after infection. We conclude that Rhodnius prolixus defecate infective M. leprae, justifying the evaluation of the presence of M. leprae among sylvatic and domestic kissing bugs in countries endemic for leprosy.
A gestão de filas no serviço bancário é um desafio atual e recorrente que unidades de atendimento enfrentam diariamente em tempos modernos, e em especial nas agências da Caixa Econômica Federais, ...devido seu perfil e missão social, tal problemática é bastante relevante ao afetar a qualidade de vida de clientes e empregados, levando a efeitos em escala onde demandas simples podem resultar em horas de espera, situação ainda mais crítica levando em consideração o contexto pandêmico e pós-pandêmico atual. O presente trabalho objetiva estimar a demanda de atendimento em uma agência típica da Caixa Econômica Federal (CEF) para o planejamento estratégico e distribuição de recursos ao longo do tempo e setores do banco. Foram levantados dados sobre os tempos e quantidades de atendimento nos anos de 2019 e 2020. Após a coleta, os dados foram tratados e foi aplicado a metodologia box Jenkins para encontrar os melhores modelos de previsão para os dados informados pelo estabelecimento.
BACKGROUNDAmerican cutaneous leishmaniasis is a commonly neglected, vector-borne tropical parasitic disease that is a major public health concern in Brazil. Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis is the ...main species associated with the disease. Accurate diagnosis is based on epidemiological surveillance, clinical assessment, and laboratory testing. Leishmania (V.) braziliensis has been detected in several wild and synanthropic mammals. Their epidemiological role has not been entirely elucidated. This study aimed to assess potential L. braziliensis infections in asymptomatic domestic animals, by molecular and serological testing in endemic areas, in the metropolitan region of Recife. METHODSBlood samples and conjunctival fluids were collected from 232 animals (canids, felids, equines, and caprines) for the detection of L. braziliensis using molecular tests (conventional and real-time polymerase chain reaction PCR and qPCR). For immunological detection, blood samples from 115 dogs were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTSReal-time quantitative PCR showed positive results for blood and conjunctival samples in all investigated species. The results of the blood and conjunctival samples were 68.2% and 26.9% in Canis familiaris, 100% and 41.7% in Felis catus, 77.3% and 30.8% in Equus caballus/Equus asinus, and 50% and 33.3% in Capra hircus samples, respectively. CONCLUSIONSResults from this study adds valuable information to our understanding of the role of asymptomatic domestic animals, L. braziliensis life cycle, and American cutaneous leishmaniasis in Northeast Brazil.
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