Beet seed priming with growth regulators Dotto, Lucas; Silva, Vanessa Neumann
Semina. Ciências agrárias : revista cultural e científica da Universidade Estadual de Londrina,
08/2017, Letnik:
38, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Seed priming is a technique used to induce metabolic germination processes. Use of growth regulators in seed priming may facilitate increments in physiological processes during seed germination. The ...objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of priming and growth regulators on beet seed germination. The treatments were cultivar type (Early Wonder, Itapuã and Maravilha) and seed priming technique, which included a control (unconditioned seed) standard hydropriming (water) and a conditioning with salicylic, gibberellic and ascorbic acids, respectively. The treatments were defined by initially testing 0, 1, 2 and 4 mM ascorbic, gibberellic and salicylic acids. Before seed priming, imbibition seed curves were established to determine the optimal conditioning time. After conditioning, the germination, rate of germination, seedling length and seedling dry weight were evaluated. First, the appropriate dosage for conditioning was determined by using a completely randomized experimental design, with four replications per cultivar. Then, a 3 x 5 (cultivar x conditioning technique) factorial design was adopted. Whenever the results were significant by variance analysis, regression analysis was performed. Finally, Tukey’s test was used to compare the means at P=0.05. Beet seed priming alters the potential of germination and is influenced by the cultivar and conditioning technique. Pretreatment with 1?2 mM ascorbic, gibberellic or salicylic acids, respectively, promotes beet seed germination, whereas at 1?3 mM, the growth of roots and shoots of beet seedlings is promoted. The most effective techniques to promote germination and growth of sugar beet seedlings were priming with water, salicylic acid or gibberellic acid.
Carrot (Daucus carota L.) is a horticulture crop species with economic importance. The performance of this crop can be improved with the use of seaweed extracts, which are a sustainable alternative ...to chemical fertilizers and biostimulants. Few studies have been performed aiming to determine the effects of algae-based biostimulants, especially red algae of the genus Solieria, on seed treatment and physiology. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of seed treatment with Solieria filiformis algal biostimulant for improving the physiological potential of carrot seeds of Brasilia Irecê and Nantes cultivars. Carrot seeds of both cultivars were treated with 0, 1, 2, and 4 mL L−1 of the biostimulant, after which they were subjected to germination and seedling growth evaluation at different temperatures and salinities. The results were analyzed by analysis of variance, Tukey’s test, and regression. It was observed that 30 °C temperature reduced carrot germination and seedling growth for the cultivars. No dose of red algae biostimulant improved germination of carrot seeds under both adequate and stress conditions of temperature and salinity for the cultivars analyzed.
Organic agriculture has been growing in recent years; however, one of the limitations in this area is the treatment of seeds with natural products and less aggressive to the environment. Seed ...biopriming with brown seaweed extract can be used to improve the physiological quality of seeds. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of seed biopriming with Ascophyllum nodosum extracts (algae) on pepper and tomato seed quality. Pepper seeds of All Big and Alegria cultivars (cvs), and tomato seeds of Cereja and Rio Grande cvs were used. The extract concentrations were 0, 125, 250, and 375 ppm. A completely randomized design in a 2×4 factorial scheme was used. The variables analyzed were percentage germination; germination speed index; root and shoot length; and root and shoot dry weight. Sweet pepper biopriming at 125 ppm enhanced germination in 16.5% for All Big cv; but it did not benefit Alegria cv. A. nodosum as a biopriming provided an increase of 50% in root length growth in Alegria cv; although, it had a negative effect on the growth of pepper seedlings of the All Big cv at 375 ppm. Tomato seed biopriming with A. nodosum at 125 ppm, enhanced root and shoot growth by 38 and 31% of Cereja cv; Nevertheless, it did not provide higher levels of germination. For Rio Grande cv, shoot growth was benefited at 125 ppm, with approximately 1.04 cm larger than the control. The effect of Ascophyllum nodosum priming depended on its concentration and the cultivar given that, different responses were obtained, also due to the compounds of the extract.
São necessárias sementes com elevado vigor para que ocorra a germinação e estabelecimento de mudas de forma adequada e rápida, principalmente quando submetidas em situações de estresse. Os ...bioestimulantes são substâncias capazes promover melhor desempenho fisiológico de plantas, além de atuar na tolerância a estresses bióticos e abióticos. Dessa forma, objetivou-se verificar o efeito do recobrimento de sementes de brócolis com bioestimulantes a base de Ascophyllum nodosum e Solieria sp. na germinação de sementes e desenvolvimento de plântulas, em situações adequadas e de estresse. Utilizou-se sementes de brócolis da cultivar Ramoso Santana, e o recobrimento das sementes foi realizado com as doses de 0, 0,5, 1,0, 2,0 e 4,0 mL.L-1 de bioestimulante. Após o recobrimento as sementes foram submetidas as seguintes avaliações: porcentagem e velocidade de germinação, comprimento de plântulas e massa seca de plântulas, envelhecimento acelerado, condutividade elétrica e emergência e índice de velocidade de emergência de plântulas. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância e à análise de regressão (doses) e teste de Tukey (temperaturas). A partir da análise dos dados obtidos, observou-se estresse térmico elevado, para ambos os tratamentos, na temperatura de 35°C, resultando na redução das variáveis analisadas. De maneira geral, observou-se desempenho superior para sementes tratadas com Ascophyllum nodosum.
ABSTRACT Blueberry farming can be considered an excellent alternative to diversify the family income. In addition, the fruits have several health benefits thanks to the presence of phenolic compounds ...and anthocyanins, however blueberries chemical composition is affected by edaphoclimatic conditions and bud position within the shoot. Therefore, the objective of the study was to evaluate the influence of the bud position on the total phenolic content, anthocyanins, antioxidant capacity, and other quality parameters of blueberry fruits of three cultivars (Climax, Bluegem, and Powderblue) grown in the mesoregion of Pelotas, Brazil. Fruits of these cultivars were harvested from three shoot position. The fruits were evaluated for their total soluble solids content, pH, total titratable acidity, total soluble solids/total titratable acidity ratio, fruit color, phenolic compounds, anthocyanins, and antioxidant potential against the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl radical. The bud position in the shoots influenced the physicochemical parameters of the blueberry fruits of all cultivars. Fruits harvested from apical levels had higher content of soluble solids, pH, phenolic compounds, anthocyanins, and antioxidant potential, demonstrating that studies aiming at evaluating fruits from different shoot levels are important, as they directly impact the quality of the fruits as well as their biological potentials.
Sementes de chicória podem apresentar baixo potencial germinativo, o que traz problemas ao olericultor. Sendo assim, procedimentos que possam promover a melhoria do potencial da semente, como o ...condicionamento fisiológico, necessita ser estudado. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar efeitos do condicionamento fisiológico das sementes de chicória com bioestimulante de Ascophyllum nodosum na germinação e produção de mudas. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com esquema fatorial 2 x 4 (cultivares e doses). Foram utilizadas sementes de chicória das cultivares Lisa e Crespa, e as doses de 0, 5, 10 e 20 mL de bioestimulante kg-1 de sementes. Inicialmente foram realizadas curvas de embebição para definição da duração do condicionamento. Posteriormente, as sementes foram condicionadas e submetidas as seguintes avaliações: porcentagem e velocidade de germinação, comprimento de plântulas em laboratório, porcentagem e velocidade de emergência de plântulas, altura de mudas, número de folhas e comprimento de raízes em casa de vegetação. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância e à análise de regressão (doses) e teste de Tukey (cultivares). A germinação de sementes de chicória aumenta linearmente com o aumento de doses de Ascophyllum nodosum via condicionamento de sementes. O condicionamento de sementes de chicória com Ascophyllum nodosum contribui na fase inicial de produção de mudas, com incrementos na porcentagem de emergência de plantas aos sete dias após a semeadura, assim como na velocidade de emergência, porém, esse efeito não persiste posteriormente. A reposta ao condicionamento de sementes de chicória com Ascophyllum nodosum é variável em função da cultivar utilizada.
High physiological and sanitary quality seeds and seedlings, resulting in a uniform and pathogen-free plant, require further study of possible approaches to improve seed potential, tolerance, and ...resilience, including the use of resistance inducers. This study aims to determine how different resistance inducers affect the physiological performance and sanitary quality of seeds and seedlings of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.). The treatment of beet seeds was carried out with a control group (distilled water), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Trichoderma harzianum. Germination, seedling length, dry mass, seed health, protein quantification in plant tissues, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity were all assessed. The resistance inducers had no adverse effects on the physiological potential of seeds treated with all evaluated inducers. Regarding the sanitary quality of seeds, beet seed treatments with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens doses of 3.0 and 6.0 mL L-1 of and Trichoderma harzianum doses equal to or greater than 0.125 mL L-1 significantly reduced the incidence of Fusarium sp. Only the Trichoderma harzianum treatment reduced the incidence of pre-emergence Damping off at all doses tested. A significant effect was observed in reducing total protein contents in seeds treated with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Trichoderma harzianum.
In the search for improved yields, seed treatment by microbiolization has been used as an alternative to chemical treatment. The objective was to verify the physiological and sanitary quality of ...creole bean seeds, var. Chumbinho, after microbiolization with doses of a commercial product (c.p.) with Trichoderma harzianum (strain ESALQ-1306). The treatments were: T1) 100 mL c.p./100 kg seeds; T2) 150 mL c.p.; T3) 200 mL c.p.; T4) 200 mL of chemical treatment (c.p., 250 g L-1 fipronil + 25 g L-1 pyraclostrobin + 225 g L-1 thiophanate-methyl); and T5) control (without coating of seeds). The tests were: sanitary test (blotter test); germination and first count; accelerated aging, cold germination without soil, speed of germination rate (SGR), seedling shoot and root lengths, and emergence of seedlings in a greenhouse. T. harzianum controlled Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp. and Fusarium oxysporum. With 100 mL c.p. of T. harzianum dose had better results for the germination and vigor, and this dose it is an alternative to chemical treatment in creole bean seeds.
RESUMO: Na busca por melhores rendimentos, o tratamento de sementes por microbiolização tem sido utilizado como alternativa ao tratamento químico. Objetivou-se verificar a qualidade fisiológica e sanitária de sementes de feijão crioulo, var. Chumbinho, após microbiolização com doses de um produto comercial (p.c.) com Trichoderma harzianum (cepa ESALQ-1306). Os tratamentos foram: T1) 100 mL p.c./100 kg de sementes; T2) 150 mL p.c.; T3) 200 mL p.c.; T4) 200 mL tratamento químico (p.c., 250 g L-1 fipronil + 25 g L-1 piraclostrobina + 225 g L-1 tiofanato metílico); e T5) controle (sem revestimento de sementes). Os testes foram: sanidade (blotter test), germinação, primeira contagem, envelhecimento acelerado, teste de frio sem solo, índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG), comprimento de parte aérea e de raiz das plântulas e emergência em casa de vegetação. T. harzianum controlou Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp. e Fusarium oxysporum. A dose 100 mL de p.c. teve melhores resultados para germinação e vigor, sendo que essa dose é uma alternativa ao tratamento químico em sementes de feijão crioulo.
A temperatura é um fator que interfere diretamente na capacidade germinativa de sementes. Com as elevações de temperaturas ocasionadas pelo aquecimento global, assim como em situações de cultivo ...protegido de plantas em ambientes tropicais e subtropicais, é necessário estudar procedimentos que possam contribuir para aumento da tolerância a temperaturas que causam estresse e alteração em processos fisiológicos. Desta forma, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do condicionamento fisiológico de sementes de couve com diferentes doses de extrato da alga marrom Ascophyllum nodosum na germinação e crescimento de plantas em diferentes temperaturas. Realizou-se o experimento em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com esquema fatorial 2 x 4 (temperaturas x doses), com cinco repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram das doses de 0; 0,25; 0,50; 1,0 ml. L-1 de extrato da alga marrom Ascophyllum nodosum. O efeito dos tratamentos foi avaliado por meio de: porcentagem e velocidade de germinação, comprimento e massa seca da parte aérea e de raízes de plântulas, em condições de temperatura ideal (20°C) e de estresse (30°C). O condicionamento de sementes de couve com extrato da alga marrom Ascophyllum nodosum não interfere na germinação de sementes, tanto em condição ideal quanto em temperatura elevada (30°C); o condicionamento de sementes de couve com as doses de 0,67 e 0,25 mL.L-1, promove maior crescimento de raízes de plântulas, nas temperaturas de germinação de 20 e 30°C, respectivamente, contudo, não promove incrementos no crescimento de parte aérea e no acúmulo de massa seca total de plântulas.
ABSTRACT Lettuce is the most consumed hardwood crop in the world. Originating in temperate climates, early flowering of lettuce is induced in regions and/or periods of high temperatures. The ...objective of this work was to evaluate the tolerance to bolting of cultivars of crisp lettuce, during different growing seasons, in the western region of the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design, in a 6 x 2 factorial scheme comprising six cultivars (Milena, Vanda, Vera, Valentina, Pira Verde, and Grand Rapids) and two distinct growing environments (protected and field), during two growing seasons in the summer period. The following were evaluated: days from transplant to flowering, stem length, diameter, total fresh and commercial mass, number of leaves, and commercial and total productivity. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and comparison of means by the Tukey test (p <0.05). The Pira Verde, Milena, Valentina and Vanda cultivars were found to be tolerant to early tillage under the tested conditions. In the protected environment, the best growing season for crisp lettuce was the first summer period evaluated, involving seedling transplant in February and harvest in April. In contrast, the best growing season in the field environment was the second summer period, with seedling transplant in March and harvest in May.
PDF
