Adaptations to stress can occur through epigenetic processes and may be a conduit for informing offspring of environmental challenge. We employed ChIP-sequencing for H3K4me3 to examine effects of ...early maternal deprivation (peer-rearing, PR) in archived rhesus macaque hippocampal samples (male, n = 13). Focusing on genes with roles in stress response and behavior, we assessed the effects of rearing on H3K4me3 binding by ANOVA. We found decreased H3K4me3 binding at genes critical to behavioral stress response, the most robust being the oxytocin receptor gene OXTR, for which we observed a corresponding decrease in RNA expression. Based on this finding, we performed behavioral analyses to determine whether a gain-of-function nonsynonymous OXTR SNP interacted with early stress to influence relevant behavioral stress reactivity phenotypes (n = 194), revealing that this SNP partially rescued the PR phenotype. PR infants exhibited higher levels of separation anxiety and arousal in response to social separation, but infants carrying the alternative OXTR allele did not exhibit as great a separation response. These data indicate that the oxytocin system is involved in social-separation response and suggest that epigenetic down-modulation of OXTR could contribute to behavioral differences observed in PR animals. Epigenetic changes at OXTR may represent predictive adaptive responses that could impart readiness to respond to environmental challenge or maintain proximity to a caregiver but also contribute to behavioral pathology. Our data also demonstrate that OXTR polymorphism can permit animals to partially overcome the detrimental effects of early maternal deprivation, which could have translational implications for human psychiatric disorders.
Most cells in adult mammals are non-dividing: differentiated cells exit the cell cycle permanently, but stem cells exist in a state of reversible arrest called quiescence. In damaged skeletal muscle, ...quiescent satellite stem cells re-enter the cell cycle, proliferate and subsequently execute divergent programs to regenerate both post-mitotic myofibers and quiescent stem cells. The molecular basis for these alternative programs of arrest is poorly understood. In this study, we used an established myogenic culture model (C2C12 myoblasts) to generate cells in alternative states of arrest and investigate their global transcriptional profiles. Using cDNA microarrays, we compared G0 myoblasts with post-mitotic myotubes. Our findings define the transcriptional program of quiescent myoblasts in culture and establish that distinct gene expression profiles, especially of tumour suppressor genes and inhibitors of differentiation characterize reversible arrest, distinguishing this state from irreversibly arrested myotubes. We also reveal the existence of a tissue-specific quiescence program by comparing G0 C2C12 myoblasts to isogenic G0 fibroblasts (10T1/2). Intriguingly, in myoblasts but not fibroblasts, quiescence is associated with a signature of Wnt pathway genes. We provide evidence that different levels of signaling via the canonical Wnt pathway characterize distinct cellular states (proliferation vs. quiescence vs. differentiation). Moderate induction of Wnt signaling in quiescence is associated with critical properties such as clonogenic self-renewal. Exogenous Wnt treatment subverts the quiescence program and negatively affects clonogenicity. Finally, we identify two new quiescence-induced regulators of canonical Wnt signaling, Rgs2 and Dkk3, whose induction in G0 is required for clonogenic self-renewal. These results support the concept that active signal-mediated regulation of quiescence contributes to stem cell properties, and have implications for pathological states such as cancer and degenerative disease.
Root-knot nematodes pose a serious threat to crops by affecting production and quality. Over a period of time, substantial work has been done toward the development of effective and environmentally ...benign nematicidal compounds. However, due to the inefficiencies of previously reported synthetics in achieving the target of safe, selective, and effective treatment, it is necessary to develop new efficacious and safer nematicidal agents considering human health and environment on top priority. This work aims to highlight the efficient and convenient l-proline catalyzed synthesis of pyrano3,2-cpyridone and their use as potential nematicidal agents. In vitro results of larval mortality and egg hatching inhibition revealed maximum nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita from compounds 15b, 15m, and 15w with LC50 values of 28.8, 46.8, and 49.18 μg/mL at 48 h, respectively. Under similar conditions, pyrano3,2-cpyridones derivatives 15b (LC50 = 28.8 μg/mL) was found at par with LC50 (26.92 μg/mL) of commercial nematicide carbofuran. The in vitro results were further validated with in silico studies with the most active compound 15b nematicidal within the binding to the pocket of acetylcholine esterase (AChE). In docking, binding free energy values for compound 15b were found to be -6.90 kcal/mol. Results indicated that pyrano3,2-cpyridone derivatives have the potential to control M. incognita.Root-knot nematodes pose a serious threat to crops by affecting production and quality. Over a period of time, substantial work has been done toward the development of effective and environmentally benign nematicidal compounds. However, due to the inefficiencies of previously reported synthetics in achieving the target of safe, selective, and effective treatment, it is necessary to develop new efficacious and safer nematicidal agents considering human health and environment on top priority. This work aims to highlight the efficient and convenient l-proline catalyzed synthesis of pyrano3,2-cpyridone and their use as potential nematicidal agents. In vitro results of larval mortality and egg hatching inhibition revealed maximum nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita from compounds 15b, 15m, and 15w with LC50 values of 28.8, 46.8, and 49.18 μg/mL at 48 h, respectively. Under similar conditions, pyrano3,2-cpyridones derivatives 15b (LC50 = 28.8 μg/mL) was found at par with LC50 (26.92 μg/mL) of commercial nematicide carbofuran. The in vitro results were further validated with in silico studies with the most active compound 15b nematicidal within the binding to the pocket of acetylcholine esterase (AChE). In docking, binding free energy values for compound 15b were found to be -6.90 kcal/mol. Results indicated that pyrano3,2-cpyridone derivatives have the potential to control M. incognita.
Aim The Multi-locus Individual Tagging – Next Generation Sequencing (MIT-NGS) method was previously shown to efficiently genotype four HLA loci (A, B, C, and DRB1) from 96 donors while maintaining ...phase, and resolving ambiguities associated with traditional sequence based HLA typing (Ehrenberg et al., BMC Genomics, 2014). Here we expanded MIT-NGS to six loci to include DPB1 and DQB1, and evaluated HLA genotypes for all loci against those obtained from both the HLA sequence-based typing (SBT) method and the four loci MIT-NGS method. Methods Full-length genes of HLA-A, B, C, DPB1, DQB1 and DRB1 loci from 96 donors of Caucasian, African and Asian ethnicities were amplified using long-range PCR. Individual donor pools, each consisting of equimolar inputs corresponding to the target size of the six HLA loci amplicons were enzymatically fragmented and uniquely indexed. This 6-plex approach enabled sequencing of 576 loci from 96 individuals in a single Illumina MiSeq run. Locus specific sequence reads were demultiplexed, aligned, and genotyped using commercially available software and an in-house pipeline. Results There were no observed discordances between the 6-plex MIT-NGS method and the combined SBT or 4-plex NGS methods for all 1152 alleles analyzed in this study. Furthermore, this method was able to resolve 20 DQBI and 22 DPB1 genotypes that were ambiguous with SBT. These alleles included DPB1∗ 104:01,DPB1∗ 105:01, DPB1∗ 107:01, DPB1∗ 131:01, DPB1∗ 135:01, DPB1∗ 296:01, DPB1∗ 414:01, DQB1∗ 02:02, DQB1∗ 03:19 and DQB1∗ 06:01:03. All of these ambiguous changes affected the protein coding sequence. Conclusions We have developed a six-locus high resolution HLA typing method to accurately and efficiently genotype all classical HLA class I and II loci while maintaining phase, and resolving ambiguities associated with conventional sequence based HLA typing.
In our daily life we can see so many road accidents are increasing daily especially the bike accidents are increasing more and more because of so many things like high speed,drunk and drive ,riders ...not using helmet ,using mobile while driving and due to the late of ambulance in all these cases riders are not tak-ing care of there lives and they are loosing there lives so we are going to introduce a "MULTI ACCESS HELMET" which will solve some of the above problems and we can reduce the accident rate by using this project. The essential purpose of this errand is to save a couple of presences of the people.This venture incorpo-rate a few sensors like gas sensor ,ultrasonic sensor and vibration sensor .the gas sensor is utilized to recognize the liquor taken by the rider on the off chance that the liquor level is more prominent than the limit, at that point the ringer will be on and furthermore the red light will likewise on which show the threat sign and the rider won't ready to where the cap right now, on the off chance that he isn't wearing the head protector, at that point the bicycle additionally won't begin . Ultrasonic sensor will perceive the thing if the article is recognized in the more drawn out partition, by then also the chime will on and the red drove is on, it shows the rider to wear defensive top right currently bike won't begin.Vibration sensor is utilized to detect the vibration if the bicycle contacts the ground the recurrence scope of vibration increments on the off chance that it builds, at that point the area of the vehicle is followed utilizing the gsm and the message is sent to closest emergency clinics utilizing gps module..
Real-Time IoT Data Analysis Using Machine Learning M, Sathwika; B, Vinni; P, Sai Sindhu ...
International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology,
5/2023, Letnik:
11, Številka:
5
Journal Article
The world is changing rapidly and many online businesses depend on collecting data, which is used for future predictions. IoT systems can access many devices and large amounts of data can be stored ...in IoT clouds like Thingspeak. This project aims to collect real-time data using DHT11, Gas level sensors, and analyze it using machine learning algorithms(Random forest, Decision tree classifier, Linear discriminant analysis). We are comparing the performance of algorithms using metrics like accuracy, confusion matrix, precision, recall, and score to find the best algorithm which detects the presence of attacks or data anomalies more accurately
Machine Learning (ML) is developing progressively in the healthcare industry. The classifying of electrocardiogram (ECG) results depending on Cardiac Arrhythmia is one such instance, where ECG ...record's the heart's rhythm & electric activity. Two ML techniques, Random Forest (RF) and Convolution Neural Network (CNN) are employed in the presented work to yield rapid & effective categorization of heartbeats. The heartbeats are divided into five classes applying the PTB Diagnostic ECG Database plus the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Collection. Both datasets are massive, with data being unbalanced for all five classes. The balancing of data is done using both oversampling & under sampling approaches to bring the data equal for each class. Based on performance indicators like f1-score, precision, recall, & accuracy, a comparison will be done among RF and CNN methods. Keywords: ECG, Cardiac Arrhythmia, RF, CNN
PDF
