Facts About Wildfires South, David B
Journal of forestry,
01/2018, Letnik:
116, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
South emphasizes the claims about national and regional wildfire trends are simply not true. As professional foresters, it is the foresters duty to provide the public with accurate data and to not ...confuse historical facts with incorrect predictions about the future. He also adds the need for professional foresters to present accurate information about wildfires to the public and should not assume that often repeated claims made in newspapers are correct or that scary forecasts will be accurate. He also highlights the need to provide complete information when lobbying elected officials for more funding.
The computing challenges at the HL–LHC require fundamental changes to the distributed computing models that have served experiments well throughout LHC. ATLAS planning for HL–LHC computing started ...back in 2020 with a Conceptual Design Report outlining various challenges to explore. This was followed in 2022 by a roadmap defining concrete milestones and associated effort required. Today, ATLAS is proceeding further with a set of "demonstrators" with focused R&D in specific topics described in the roadmap. The demonstrators cover areas such as optimised tape writing and access, data recreation on–demand and the use of commercial clouds.
Artificial regeneration is successful when high-performing seedlings are transported with care to the planting site, stored for a short period in an environment without desiccation or fungal growth, ...and planted in a deep hole, so roots are in contact with moist soil. One of the requirements for success is the ability to avoid common planting mistakes. Due, in part, to the use of container stock plus an increase in rainfall, the average first-year survival of pine seedlings (89%) in the southern United States is about 15% greater now than 45 years ago. However, when survival is less than 50% six months after planting, some landowners seek reimbursement for their loss. Some assume poor seedling quality was the cause without realizing that anaerobic soils or sudden freeze events, shallow planting holes, pruning roots, a lack of rain or underground insects can kill pines. With a focus on pines planted in the southern United States, we list non-nursery factors that have killed seedlings in North America, Africa and Europe.
Analysis Preservation in ATLAS Cranmer, Kyle; Heinrich, Lukas; Jones, Roger ...
Journal of physics. Conference series,
12/2015, Letnik:
664, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Long before data taking, ATLAS established a policy that all analyses need to be preserved. In the initial data-taking period, this has been achieved by various tools and techniques. ATLAS is now ...reviewing the analysis preservation with the aim of bringing coherence and robustness to the process and with a clearer view of the level of reproducibility that is reasonably achievable. The secondary aim is to reduce the load on the analysts. Once complete, this will serve for our internal preservation needs but also provide a basis for any subsequent sharing of analysis results with external parties.
During the last half of the 20th century, southern yellow pine (Pinus subsection Australes) timberland in North America declined by 16 million acres (3.6 million acres per decade). Declines in ...acreage in the South have continued in the 21st century for five pine forest types. In contrast, increases in timberland (due to tree planting) have occurred for both loblolly pine and longleaf pine. As a result of the practice of artificial regeneration, timberland for southern yellow pines (in the South) increased by more than 7 million acres since 1992. In contrast, relying on natural regeneration has contributed to a decline in natural pine stands for shortleaf pine, Virginia pine, slash pine, pond pine, and pitch pine. The narrative of the decline for these specific forest types is often overlooked when data for loblolly pine are pooled together with those for seven other forest types, and the total is reported as one forest type group. This article provides timberland changes that occurred in the South (1992-2012) for each of the 10 southern yellow pine forest types.
Updates to the ATLAS Data Carousel Project Borodin, Mikhail; Cameron, David; Klimentov, Alexei ...
EPJ Web of Conferences,
2024, Letnik:
295
Journal Article, Conference Proceeding
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The High Luminosity upgrade to the LHC (HL-LHC) is expected to deliver scientific data at the multi-exabyte scale. In order to address this unprecedented data storage challenge, the ATLAS experiment ...launched the Data Carousel project in 2018. Data Carousel is a tape-driven workflow whereby bulk production campaigns with input data resident on tape are executed by staging and promptly processing a sliding window to disk buffer such that only a small fraction of inputs are pinned on disk at any one time. Data Carousel is now in production for ATLAS in Run3. In this paper, we provide updates on recent Data Carousel R&D projects, including data-on-demand and tape smart writing. Data-on-demand removes from disk data that has not been accessed for a predefined period, when users request them, they will be either staged from tape or recreated by following the original production steps. Tape smart writing employs intelligent algorithms for file placement on tape in order to retrieve data back more efficiently, which is our long term strategy to achieve optimal tape usage in Data Carousel.
Comprehensive and spatially accurate poultry population demographic data do not currently exist in the United States; however, these data are critically needed to adequately prepare for, and ...efficiently respond to and manage disease outbreaks. In response to absence of these data, this study developed a national-level poultry population dataset by using a novel combination of remote sensing and probabilistic modelling methodologies. The Farm Location and Agricultural Production Simulator (FLAPS) (Burdett et al., 2015) was used to provide baseline national-scale data depicting the simulated locations and populations of individual poultry operations. Remote sensing methods (identification using aerial imagery) were used to identify actual locations of buildings having the characteristic size and shape of commercial poultry barns. This approach was applied to 594 U.S. counties with > 100,000 birds in 34 states based on the 2012 U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Census of Agriculture (CoA). The two methods were integrated in a hybrid approach to develop an automated machine learning process to locate commercial poultry operations and predict the number and type of poultry for each operation across the coterminous United States. Validation illustrated that the hybrid model had higher locational accuracy and more realistic distribution and density patterns when compared to purely simulated data. The resulting national poultry population dataset has significant potential for application in animal disease spread modelling, surveillance, emergency planning and response, economics, and other fields, providing a versatile asset for further agricultural research.
The lepton–proton collisions produced at the HERA collider represent a unique high energy physics data set. A number of years after the end of collisions, the data collected by the H1 experiment, as ...well as the simulated events and all software needed for reconstruction, simulation and data analysis, were migrated into a preserved operational mode at DESY. A recent modernisation of the H1 software architecture has been performed, which will not only facilitate on going and future data analysis efforts with the new inclusion of modern analysis tools, but also ensure the long-term availability of the H1 data and associated software. The present status of the H1 software stack, the data, simulations and the currently supported computing platforms for data analysis activities are discussed.
Flawed computer models have overesti- mated (1) the moon's average temperature, (2) the rate of global warming since the turn of the century, (3) the rate of melting of Arc- tic sea ice, (4) the ...number of major Atlantic hurricanes for 2013, (5) the average Febru- ary 2014 temperature in Wisconsin ( arrow right 3.6 degree C), etc. ...some state service forest- ers may be skeptical of modelers who predict an increase in trapped heat and then, a few years later, attempt to explain away the "missing heat."
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly infectious viral disease of cloven-hoofed animals. FMD outbreaks have the potential to cause significant economic consequences, and effective control ...strategies are needed to minimize the damage to livestock systems and the economy. Although not the predominant route of infection, airborne transmission has been implicated in previous outbreaks. Under favorable weather conditions, airborne spread of FMD can make the rapid containment of an outbreak more difficult. Our objective was to identify seasonal and geographic differences in patterns of conditions favorable to airborne FMD spread in the United States. Data from a national network of surface weather stations were examined for three study years (December 2011–November 2012, December 2012–November 2013, December 2014–November 2015). Weather conditions were found to be most frequently favorable to airborne spread during the winter (December, January, February). Geographically, conditions were most frequently favorable to airborne FMD spread in the upper Midwestern United States, a region where swine and cattle populations are common. Across study years, conditions for airborne FMD spread were more frequently favorable when weather conditions were generally mild with few extremes with respect to temperature and precipitation (e.g., 2014–2015). However, national patterns in risk areas for airborne FMD spread were similar across study years even though the degree of risk differed based on variations in weather patterns among study years. Our findings suggest that airborne transmission could contribute to FMD spread between livestock premises in the event of an outbreak in the coterminous United States, and that some geographic areas are at an increased risk particularly in seasons with conducive weather conditions. To our knowledge, this is the first study to characterize the risk of airborne FMD spread on a national scale in the United States. The findings presented here can be used to enhance preparedness and surveillance activities by identifying specific geographic areas in the United States where airborne spread is most likely to be a risk factor for transmission during an outbreak.
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