Favolus
is a genus of white-rot polypores with a worldwide distribution, characterized by laterally attached, fleshy to flexible basidiomata, and mostly large, radially elongated pores. The generic ...type,
Favolus brasiliensis
, originally described from Brazil, has been recently suggested as a species complex based on DNA data. Additionally, new species have been described based on morphological and molecular data without, however, addressing potential earlier available names. Thus, a thorough revision of type specimens of the Neotropical taxa currently associated with
Favolus
(
Polyporus
)
tenuiculus
was conducted. Further morphological studies and multigene (ITS, nucLSU,
TEF1
, and
RPB1
) phylogenetic analyses of the newly collected
Favolus
specimens from the Atlantic Forest of Brazil and other localities in the Neotropics were carried out. In total, 127 new sequences (62 ITS, 30 nucLSU, 22
TEF1
, and 13
RPB1
) of
Favolus
species were generated. GenBank sequences of two type specimens incorporated in our analyses clarified the phylogenetic position of
F. elongoporus
, a species previously described from Brazil, and proved a new combination in
Favolus
for
Polyporus laetiporoides
, a recently described species from Costa Rica. In contrast to the previous phylogenetic studies that recognized two supported clades among
F. brasiliensis
sequences as two probable species, the present study advocates for a broader concept as a single species. Moreover, we select a lectotype and a new epitype for
F. brasiliensis
and discuss its identity versus
P. tenuiculus
. Morphological studies and molecular data of new collections and older type specimens support the recovery of
Favolus reniformis
and
Hexagonia rhombipora
as distinct species of
Favolus
. Additionally,
F. tessellatus, F. trigonus
and
F. pseudoprinceps
are justified as older names for the recently described
F. rugulosus
,
F. radiatifibrillosus
and
F. yanomamii
, respectively. Detailed morphological descriptions of the collections and pure cultures obtained for this study are provided, along with comments, illustrations, and a key for species of
Favolus
from the Neotropics.
As shown by morphological and molecular (ITS, nrLSU and tef1 sequences) evidence, the current concept of Myxarium nucleatum covers four species in the Nordic countries: M. cinnamomescens, M. ...hyalinum, M. nucleatum s.s. and M. populinum. These species are redescribed here, their nomenclature is discussed and all relevant names are typified. Exidia cartilaginea and E. villosa are typified and shown to be conspecific with the North American species E. candida. Based on morphological differences, E. cartilaginea is retained as a variety of E. candida. Exidia subrepanda is treated as a synomym of E. saccharina, and Heterochaete europaea as a synomym of E. thuretiana.
Taxonomy of Spongipellis sensu stricto is revised based on morphological studies and DNA data. Here, the genus is accepted as a member of Meripilaceae, and it contains five species. Of them, S. ...spumea, the generic type, occurs in Europe, two species, S. ambiens (= Tyromyces sibiricus) and S. variispora sp. nov., are found in East Asia, and S. profissilis comb. nov., is reported from Central Europe, Siberia and Far East Asia. The North-American species, S. occidentalis, is reinstated as a separate species and redescribed here based on historical material.
The identity of
Achroomyces effusus
is re-established with the use of morphological and DNA methods, and a neotype is selected. The species is conspecific with
Colacogloea peniophorae
, the generic ...type of
Colacogloea
, and has a priority over it. A new combination,
C. effusa
, is proposed.
Antrodia is a polyphyletic genus, comprising brown-rot polypores with annual or short-lived perennial resupinate, dimitic basidiocarps. Here we focus on species that are closely related to Antrodia ...crassa, and investigate their phylogeny and species delimitation using geographic, ecological, morphological and molecular data (ITS and LSU rDNA, tef1). Phylogenetic analyses distinguished four clades within the monophyletic group of eleven conifer-inhabiting species (five described herein): (1)A. crassa s. str. (boreal Eurasia), Antrodia cincta sp. nova (North America) and Antrodia cretacea sp. nova (holarctic), all three being characterized by inamyloid skeletal hyphae that dissolve quickly in KOH solution; (2) Antrodia ignobilis sp. nova, Antrodia sitchensis and Antrodia sordida from North America, and Antrodia piceata sp. nova (previously considered conspecific with A. sitchensis) from Eurasia, possessing amyloid skeletal hyphae; (3) Antrodia ladiana sp. nova from the southern part of the USA, Antrodia pinea from East Asia, and Antrodia ferox – so far known from subtropical North America, but here reported also from Eurasia. These three species have inamyloid hyphae and narrow basidiospores; (4) the North American Antrodia pini-cubensis, sharing similar morphological characters with A. pinea, forming a separate clade. The habitat data indicate that several species are threatened by intensive forestry.
•We revised the taxonomy of the Antrodia crassa group (brown-rot polypores).•We described five new species based on molecular, ecological, and geographic characters.•Several species in A. crassa group appear rare and threatened by forestry.•Taxonomic revision in published lists of threatened and indicator species is needed.
Taxonomy of
Pseudohydnum gelatinosum
and its sister taxa is revised via morphological data and a four-gene dataset (ITS, nc LSU rDNA,
TEF1
,
RPB1
). Identity of
P. gelatinosum
and
Tremellodon ...pusillus
is re-established based on newly collected and sequenced material from their type localities.
Pseudohydnum alienum
from Europe;
P. umbrosum
from temperate East Asia;
P. cystidiatum
,
P. meridianum
, and
P. placibile
from Vietnam; and
P. omnipavum
from North America are described as new to science;
P. translucens
and
P. brunneiceps
from East Asia are redescribed. Most
Pseudohydnum
collections from North America belong to
P. gelatinosum
ssp.
pusillum
. A significant divergence of
TEF1
sequences in
P. gelatinosum
is discussed.
We explored whether DNA-phylogeny-based and morphology-based genus concepts can be reconciled in the basidiomycete family Phanerochaetaceae. Our results show that macromorphology of fruiting bodies ...and hymenophore construction do not reflect monophyletic groups. However, by integrating micromorphology and re-defining genera, harmonization of DNA phylogeny and morphological genus concepts is possible in most cases. In the case of one genus ( Phlebiopsis ), our genetic markers could not resolve genus limits satisfactorily and a clear morphological definition could not be identified. We combine extended species sampling, microscopic studies of fruiting bodies and phylogenetic analyses of ITS, nLSU and rpb1 to revise genus concepts. Three new polypore genera are ascribed to the Phanerochaetaceae : Oxychaete gen. nov. (type Oxyporus cervinogilvus ), Phanerina gen. nov. (type Ceriporia mellea ), and Riopa (including Ceriporia metamorphosa and Riopa pudens sp. nov.). Phlebiopsis is extended to include Dentocorticium pilatii , further species of Hjortstamia and the monotypic polypore genus Castanoporus . The polypore Ceriporia inflata is combined into Phanerochaete . The identity of the type species of the genus Riopa , R. davidii , has been misinterpreted in the current literature. The species has been included in Ceriporia as a species of its own or placed in synonymy with Ceriporia camaresiana . The effort to properly define R. davidii forced us to study Ceriporia more widely. In the process we identified five closely related Ceriporia species that belong to the true Ceriporia clade ( Irpicaceae ). We describe those species here, and introduce the Ceriporia pierii group. We also select a lectotype and an epitype for Riopa metamorphosa and neotypes for Sporotrichum aurantiacum and S. aurantium , the type species of the anamorphic genus Sporotrichum , and recommend that teleomorphic Riopa is conserved against it.
A new polypore, Aporpium macroporum Niemelä, Spirin & Miettinen, is described on the basis of material from Finland, Poland (Białowieza National Park; type locality), European Russia, Belarus, ...Estonia, and Latvia. It grows primarily on fallen aspen trees and prefers old forests with abundant coarse woody debris. Aporpium caryae is an American taxon, and its European kin is A. canescens; A. macroporum differs from them in having wider pores, softer consistency, and paler colours. The spores of the new species are wider than in A. canescens, and longer than in A. caryae. The three species can be distinguished by their ribosomal DNA ITS sequences. We briefly discuss the heterobasidioid genera Aporpium, Elmerina and Protomerulius.
Morphological and DNA data show that effused representatives of the Auriculariales (Basidiomycota) with sphaeropedunculate basidia belong to eleven genera of which seven are dealt with in this study. ...Among them, Myxarium is the largest genus containing 21 accepted species of which nine are reintroduced below and five are described as new. Protodontia is limited to three species only, P. subgelatinosa (the generic type) and two newly described species from Africa. Protoacia is a new monotypic genus for P. delicata, sp. nov., widely distributed on coniferous hosts in Eurasia. Myxariellum is erected for two new species with smooth hymenophore from northwestern North America while Gelacantha is introduced for G. pura, a new species with hydnoid hymenophore from Caucasus. Our data do not confirm the present synonymy of Sebacina sphaerospora with Tremella glaira, and these species are placed in two separate genera – Hydrophana, gen. nov., and Ofella, gen. nov., respectively. A key to European Myxarium and similar‐looking species is included.
is a small genus of wood-decaying basidiomycetes in the order Hymenochaetales. Molecular phylogenetic analyses have either supported
as a distinct taxon or indicated that it should be subsumed under
..., a genus that covers the majority of species formerly placed in
. We used sequences from the ITS and nuclear LSU regions to infer the phylogenetic position of the type species
. Analyses confirm
as a synonym of
. Molecular and morphological information show that the traditional concept of
covers at least two species,
from Europe and
with known distribution in Europe and North America. Three species currently placed in
are transferred to
, viz.
,
and
. Three new
species are described and illustrated,
and
from East Asia and
from the Pacific Northwest America. The identity of
, described from Sri Lanka, is discussed.
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