The Rosetta spacecraft will rendez-vous with comet Wirtanen round 2011 and will study it for a period of nearly two years, thus providing a unique opportunity to monitor its behaviour over a wide ...range of distances from the Sun. A plasma and wave package, the Rosetta Plasma Consortium, RPC, will be part of the Rosetta orbiter payload. RPC is a highly integrated package that consists of five sensors: the Langmuir Probe, LAP, the Ion and Electron Sensor, IES, the Ion Composition Analyzer, ICA, the Fluxgate Magnetometer, MAG, and the Mutual Impedance Probe, MIP. RPC also includes the common instrument control, spacecraft interface, and power management unit, PIU, plus the Electrical Ground Support Equipment, EGSE. The prime objectives of RPC are to investigate: (1) the physical properties of the cometary nucleus and its surface, (2) the inner coma structure, dynamics, and aeronomy, (3) the development of cometary activity, and the microscopic and macroscopic structure of the solar-wind interaction region as well as the formation and development of the cometary tail. In addition, the planned asteroid, possibly Otawara and Siwa, flybys will provide an excellent opportunity to study in detail the physics of the solar wind-asteroid interaction. The magnetic and electric conductivity properties of the asteroid will also be studied.
Representative types of energetic particle phenomena recorded by the LION instrument on SOHO during its Transfer Phase to, and while in early Halo Orbit about, the L1 Lagrangian Point are presented. ...The data cover the period from 7 December 1995 (instrument switch on) until 9/10 July 1996 (when a particle event associated with the first Class X flare since November 1992 was recorded). Although the first new cycle spots appeared on 10 May 1996 and the Solar Weather Operations Centre in Boulder estimates that the transition from Solar Cycle 22 to 23 occurred in July 1996, the solar related particle events prominent in LION data within the interval considered were individually associated with old cycle spots. Scientific investigations that can be mounted using the already rich and progressively updating LION data set are outlined.
At the same time as the closure in early March 2020, global health and economic crisis hit the world. In the first and second parts of our article, we refer to the main social and economic challenges ...and consequences of the COVID-19 epidemic without claiming to be exhaustive Researchers in Hungary and Slovakia are working to keep up to date with the economic and social impacts of the pandemic. Thorough and extensive surveys are needed because the image broadcasted by the media is distorted and blurred. All authors of this publication participated in the CoronaHR research examining all waves of the pandemic as well as the chances of recovery. In our paper, we analyze database of the second phase. The main purpose of our investigation is to demonstrate the similarities and differences that can be found between the activities of corporate and HR management in the private and public sectors. Every crisis is also a chance for development. We assume that we will experience positive changes after the pandemic. A relationship based on new foundations and the principle of trust will develop among corporate leaders, human resource management and employees. Innovative methods are expected to come to the fore, the procedure and way of thinking of the public sector, which can be considered traditional at the moment, will also be renewed.
Purpose - The Hungarian Academy of Sciences is supported by the Hungarian Ministry of Informatics and Communications (RMKI). RMKI started a research and development project in 2003 with the aim of ...studying the knowledge management methods for long duration space research projects and to develop an information system providing a base for saving and using the knowledge gathered. The aim of this article is to investigate the RMKI research and development project.Design methodology approach - This article first describes the environment of the project, details the questions identified by the project staff, and gives some characteristics of the solutions when found.Findings - The article finds that the outcomes identified by a knowledge management project grow fast and have a tendency to become unmanageable very quickly, even if technical questions are taken into consideration when starting. The main question remains whether an acceptable solution exists in the area covered by the economical resources.Originality value - This article focuses on the technical aspects of knowledge management projects and identifies a mechanism for setting up an information system with the capacity to support knowledge preservation for at least a decade, which is considered to be a long period.
DYNAMO is a small multi-instrument payload aimed at characterizing current atmospheric escape, which is still poorly constrained, and improving gravity and magnetic field representations, in order to ...better understand the magnetic, geologic and thermal history of Mars. The internal structure and evolution of Mars is thought to have influenced climate evolution. The collapse of the primitive magnetosphere early in Mars history could have enhanced atmospheric escape and favored transition to the present arid climate. These objectives are achieved by using a low periapsis orbit. DYNAMO has been proposed in response to the AO released in February 2002 for instruments to be flown as a complementary payload onboard the CNES Orbiter to Mars (MO-07), foreseen to be launched in 2007 in the framework of the French PREMIER Mars exploration program. MO-07 orbital phase 2b (with an elliptical orbit of periapsis 170 km), and in a lesser extent 2a, offers an unprecedented opportunity to investigate by in situ probing the chemical and dynamical properties of the deep ionosphere, thermosphere, and the interaction between the atmosphere and the solar wind, and therefore the present atmospheric escape rate. Ultraviolet remote sensing is an essential complement to characterize high, tenuous, layers of the atmosphere. One Martian year of operation, with about 5,000 low passes, should allow DYNAMO to map in great detail the residual magnetic field, together with the gravity field. Additional data on the internal structure will be obtained by mapping the electric conductivity, sinergistically with the NETLANDER magnetic data. Three options have been recommended by the International Science and Technical Review Board (ISTRB), who met on July 1st and 2nd, 2002. One of them is centered on DYNAMO. The final choice, which should be made before the end of 2002, will depend on available funding resources at CNES.
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