The Behavior-Interaction-Priority (BIP) framework, rooted in rigorous semantics, allows the construction of systems that are correct-by-design. BIP has been effectively used for the construction and ...analysis of large systems such as robot controllers and satellite on-board software. Nevertheless, the specification of BIP models is done in a purely textual manner without any code editor support. To facilitate the specification of BIP models, we present DesignBIP, a web-based, collaborative, version-controlled design studio. To promote model scaling and reusability of BIP models, we use a graphical language for modeling parameterized BIP models with rigorous semantics. We present the various services provided by the design studio, including model editors, code editors, consistency checking mechanisms, code generators, and integration with the JavaBIP tool-set.
The systematic design of automotive control applications is a challenging problem due to lack of understanding of the complex and tight interactions that often manifest during the integration of ...components from the control design phase with the components from software generation and deployment on actual platform/network. In order to address this challenge, we present a systematic methodology and a toolchain using well-defined models to integrate components from various design phases with specific emphasis on restricting the complex interactions that manifest during integration such as timing, deployment, and quantization. We present an experimental platform for the evaluation and testing of the design process. The approach is applied to the development of an adaptive cruise control, and we present experimental results that demonstrate the efficacy of the approach.
The exponential growth of information and communication technologies have caused a profound shift in the way humans engineer systems leading to the emergence of closed-loop systems involving strong ...integration and coordination of physical and cyber components, often referred to as cyber-physical systems (CPSs). Because of these disruptive changes, physical systems can now be attacked through cyberspace and cyberspace can be attacked through physical means. The paper considers security and resilience as system properties emerging from the intersection of system dynamics and the computing architecture. A modeling and simulation integration platform for experimentation and evaluation of resilient CPSs is presented using smart transportation systems as the application domain. Evaluation of resilience is based on attacker-defender games using simulations of sufficient fidelity. The platform integrates 1) realistic models of cyber and physical components and their interactions; 2) cyber attack models that focus on the impact of attacks to CPS behavior and operation; and 3) operational scenarios that can be used for evaluation of cybersecurity risks. Three case studies are presented to demonstrate the advantages of the platform: 1) vulnerability analysis of transportation networks to traffic signal tampering; 2) resilient sensor selection for forecasting traffic flow; and 3) resilient traffic signal control in the presence of denial-of-service attacks.
Design methods and tools evolved to support the principle of "separation of concerns" in order to manage engineering complexity. Accordingly, most engineering tool suites are vertically integrated ...but have limited support for integration across disciplinary boundaries. Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) challenge these established boundaries between disciplines, and thus, the status quo on the tools market. The question is how to create the foundations and technologies for semantically precise model and tool integration that enable reuse of existing commercial and open source tools in domain-specific design flows. In this paper, we describe the lessons learned in the design and implementation of an experimental design automation tool suite, OpenMETA, for complex CPS in the vehicle domain. The conceptual foundation for the integration approach is platform-based design: OpenMETA is architected by introducing two key platforms: the model integration platform and the tool integration platform. The model integration platform includes methods and tools for the precise representation of semantic interfaces among modeling domains. The key new components of the model integration platform are model integration languages and the mathematical framework and tool for the compositional specification of their semantics. The tool integration platform is designed for executing highly automated design-space exploration. Key components of the platform are tools for constructing design spaces and model composers for analytics workflows. The paper concludes with describing experience and lessons learned by using OpenMETA in drivetrain design and by adapting OpenMETA to substantially different CPS application domains.
Toward a Science of Cyber-Physical System Integration Sztipanovits, Janos; Koutsoukos, Xenofon; Karsai, Gabor ...
Proceedings of the IEEE,
2012-Jan., 2012-01-00, 20120101, Letnik:
100, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
System integration is the elephant in the china store of large-scale cyber-physical system (CPS) design. It would be hard to find any other technology that is more undervalued scientifically and at ...the same time has bigger impact on the presence and future of engineered systems. The unique challenges in CPS integration emerge from the heterogeneity of components and interactions. This heterogeneity drives the need for modeling and analyzing cross-domain interactions among physical and computational/networking domains and demands deep understanding of the effects of heterogeneous abstraction layers in the design flow. To address the challenges of CPS integration, significant progress needs to be made toward a new science and technology foundation that is model based, precise, and predictable. This paper presents a theory of composition for heterogeneous systems focusing on stability. Specifically, the paper presents a passivity-based design approach that decouples stability from timing uncertainties caused by networking and computation. In addition, the paper describes cross-domain abstractions that provide effective solution for model-based fully automated software synthesis and high-fidelity performance analysis. The design objectives demonstrated using the techniques presented in the paper are group coordination for networked unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) and high-confidence embedded control software design for a quadrotor UAV. Open problems in the area are also discussed, including the extension of the theory of compositional design to guarantee properties beyond stability, such as safety and performance.
Model-based approaches to system design are now widespread and successful. These approaches make extensive use of model structure to describe systems using domain-specific abstractions, to specify ...and implement model transformations, and to analyze structural properties of models. In spite of its general importance the
structural semantics
of modeling languages are not well-understood. In this paper we develop the formal foundations for the structural semantics of domain-specific modeling languages (DSML), including the mechanisms by which metamodels specify the structural semantics of DSMLs. Additionally, we show how our formalization can complement existing tools, and how it yields algorithms for the analysis of DSMLs and model transformations.
Abstract
Recent attention to Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) is driven by the need for deeper integration of design disciplines that dominate physical and computational domains. Consequently, ...heterogeneity is the norm as well as the main challenge in CPS design: components and systems are modeled using multiple physical, logical, functional and non-functional modeling aspects. The scope of relevant design domains includes (1) physical domains, such as structure, mechanical dynamics, thermal, propulsion, fluid, electrical, acoustics, vibration and (2) computational, networking domains, used for implementing system control, sensors, health management, mission management, communication. The need for deep integration of these interrelated facets of CPS opens up a rich research agenda towards establishing a new systems science that is simultaneously physical and computational.
Zusammenfassung
Die Beachtung, die cyber-physische Systeme (CPS) jüngst erfahren, ist bedingt durch die Notwendigkeit einer tiefgreifenden Integration der in naturwissenschaftlichen und rechnergestützten Bereichen vorherrschenden Entwurfsdisziplinen. Für den Entwurf von CPS stellt daher Heterogenität sowohl die Regel als auch die wesentliche Herausforderung dar: Komponenten und Systeme werden mit Hilfe einer Vielzahl physikalischer, logischer, funktionaler und nicht-funktionaler Aspekte modelliert. Die Bandbreite relevanter Designgebiete umfasst (1) physikalische Bereiche wie Struktur, Dynamik, Thermik, Antrieb, Strömung, Elektrizität, Akustik, Vibration, sowie (2) die Bereiche Berechnung und Vernetzung, die zur Implementierung von Systemsteuerung, Sensoren, Systemzustandsmanagement, Missionsmanagement und Kommunikation verwendet werden. Die Notwendigkeit einer tiefgreifenden Integration dieser miteinander verwobenen Facetten von CPS eröffnet eine reichhaltige Forschungsagenda, hin zum Aufbau einer neuen Systemwissenschaft, die gleichzeitig naturwissenschaftlich und informationswissenschaftlich ist.
This book constitutes the refereed post-proceedings of the 12th International Monterey Workshop on Networked Systems with special focus on realization of reliable systems on top of unreliable ...networked platforms, held in Laguna Beach, CA in September 2005. Coverage includes model-based software development of network-centric system-of-systems, foundations of future design and programming abstractions, and intelligent and robust middleware.
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