•Using I LOV U massage along with life style modification can reduce the time duration of constipation in elderly with stroke.•The elderly with stroke can tolerate food when the caregiver try to ...apply abominal message and modify their daily diet.•Using an abdominal message through the direction of colon can reduce the abdominal distention of the elderly with stroke.•Applying the I LOV U massage with correcting the patient's position during defication can reduce the laxative intake.
Constipation and distension are dominant gastrointestinal problems after stroke in the elderly. Always they are treated by the use of laxatives and fibers. Abdominal massage along with a healthy lifestyle can be a solution.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of abdominal massage and lifestyle training on constipation and distention of the elderly with stroke.
This study was a randomized clinical trial that was conducted on elderly patients with stroke at Qaem hospital of Mashhad, Iran. 68 patients were randomly allocated into control (n = 34) and intervention (n = 34) groups in 2017−2018. Finally 29 elderly in the intervention and 34 in the control group completed the study. Intervention included the abdominal massage by using "I LOV U" method along with lifestyle education. Each abdominal massage lasted for 15 min, twice daily for ten days that was performed at first session by the researcher and then continued by the key care giver. Data were collected by the demographic form, constipation assessment score (CAS), distension measurement tool (meter), and food tolerance evaluation checklist.
The results indicated that both groups were homogeneous in demographic variables (P > 0.05). The repeated ANOVA showed a more significant decrease in abdominal circumference of the intervention group during the 10- days study (P = 0.029).The Friedman test showed a significant difference in frequency of defecation in two groups in 10- day study (P < 0.0001). Therefore the CAS Score was significantly decreased in intervention group more than the control group (0.30 < 0.98 < 1.59, P = 0.001, EF = 0.44). The food tolerance frequencies through Gavage (P = 0.20), and also orally (P < 0.001) were significantly improved in the intervention group.
According to results, the abdominal massage along with lifestyle training could improve constipation and distension and also increase food intake tolerance in the elderly patients with stroke.
Background & aim: The theory-based counseling can motivate clients to perform breast self-examination (BSE), which is an easy, safe and cost-effective method. This study evaluated the effect of ...group counseling based on the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) on perceived severity, perceived sensitivity, and perceived reward of BSE behavior.Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 66 women aged 30-69 years referred to healthcare centers of Mashhad, Iran. The subjects were selected by convenience sampling and then assigned randomly in two intervention and control groups using time block. Data were collected using a demographic characteristics and a self-structured questionnaire on women's participation in BSE behavior based on the PMT. The intervention group received four weekly 60-minute group counseling sessions in groups of 8-10 people based on the PMT. The control group received the usual care. Perceived severity, perceived sensitivity, and perceived reward of BSE behavior was measured in two stages before and two months after the end of the intervention. Data were analyzed by SPSS V. 22) using independent and paired t-test, Man-Whitney, Chi-square, and Fisher exact tests.Results: The total score of PMT was not significant in the two groups before the intervention. But after the intervention, mean score of the perceived sensitivity (25.62±3.78 vs. 20.86±2.29), perceived severity (21.06±3.58 vs. 16.06±3.41) and perceived reward (4.83±1.53 vs. 17.16±2.79) was significantly different in the intervention and control group (p<0.001).Conclusion: Group counseling based on the PMT by overcoming fear and increasing motivation in women can increase BSE behavior in order to prevent breast cancer.
Caregivers of COVID-19 patients, including mothers with an infected child, are affected by adverse physical and psychological effects. Since mothers perform an important role in caring for a child ...with Covid-19, explaining their challenges and experiences positively affects the health conditions of children and society, in general.
This study aimed to explain mothers' experiences with children diagnosed with COVID-19, who were referred to Bandar Abbas Children's Hospital.
The present study was qualitative and used the Van-Manen method. The statistical population included 13 mothers with children hospitalized for coronary heart disease and COVID-19, who were selected by purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were implemented to collect data until saturation. Data analysis was performed using MAXQDA 10 software. Lincoln and Guba's criteria were used to evaluate the data's accuracy and strength.
The mean age of mothers participating in the study was 37.92 ± 4.87. On the other hand, the mean age of children was 5.15 ± 2.07 years. Three main themes and 13 sub-themes were extracted from the data analysis. The main themes were “Inability to Caring”, “Mental and Physical drain” and “Conflict of Roles and Responsibilities”. In this study, when a child develops COVID-19 disease, the mother experiences a series of negative emotions, which lead to feelings of helplessness and inability to care for the child.
Mental and physical manifestations strains were the most important issues that the mothers experienced. The majority of the participants need psychological support to cope with the disease. Therefore, it is recommended to make a proper design to psychologically and socially support these mothers, while alleviating the physical manifestations of their children's disease.
Background and Aims
Despite the fact that public health measures such as social isolation can help control the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‐19) pandemic, these procedures may contribute to ...elevated levels of stress and escalate various forms of violence against women. The current study aimed to estimate the prevalence of domestic violence and identify factors associated with domestic violence during the Covid‐19 lockdown among married women attending healthcare centers in Iran.
Methods
This cross‐sectional study, conducted between 2020 and 2021, focused on a sample of 5317 married women who sought healthcare services within urban centers across five major cities in Iran. Sampling was done through a multistage cluster method. The Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2) were used to assess levels of violence. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including independent sample t‐test, Chi‐square, and multiple logistic regression) with the SPSS software version 22.
Results
During the Covid‐19 lockdown, psychological violence was reported by 66.7% of women (95% confidence interval CI, 65.44%–67.98%), physical violence by 44.8% (95% CI, 43.43%–46.10%), sexual violence by 28.8% (95% CI, 27.60%–30.03%), and injury by 24.5% (95% CI, 23.39%–25.70%). The multiple logistic regression showed several significant factors associated with domestic violence. These included low levels of social support (p < 0.001), shorter duration of marriage (p < 0.001), unemployment of both women (p < 0.007) and their spouses (p < 0.001), poor economic status (p < 0.001), as well as substance abuse by the husband, including alcohol (p < 0.001) and drug abuse (p < 0.01), and smoking (p < 0.01).
Conclusion
The findings highlighted the magnitude of domestic violence against women during the Covid‐19 lockdown. It is crucial to implement comprehensive strategies that encompass preventive and responsive measures to address domestic violence not only during lockdowns but also in the post‐lockdown period.
Background: Pain is the most common complication of arterial blood sampling that leads to patient’s fear and anxiety, lack of cooperation, and dissatisfaction and reduces the success of sampling.Aim: ...This study aimed to compare the effect of two methods of Hugo point massage with ice and without ice on pain intensity, anxiety, and the success of arterial blood sampling.Method: This experimental study was performed on 90 patients in Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, Iran, in 2020. Sampling was conducted using the convenience sampling method and 30 participants were randomly assigned to three groups. In the group of Hugo point massage with ice, the Hugo point was massaged with ice marbles for 5 min before sampling. However, in the group of Hugo point massage without ice, the massage was performed only by the thumb. Eventually, the routine method of sampling was applied in the control group.The intensity of pain and anxiety in patients was measured using the Visual Analogue Scale and six-item Spielberger Anxiety Scale, respectively. Moreover, the arterial blood sampling duration, the number of arterial blood sampling, and arterial blood sampling result were documented as well. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (Version 25) through Kruskal-Wallis, Chi-square, analysis of variance, and Wilcoxon tests.Results: The mean±SD pain intensity of patients in the group of Hugo point massage with ice (1.50±0.57) was significantly lower than that in the groups of Hugo point massage without ice (2.25±1.21) (P=0.019) and control (2.80±0.92) (P<0.001).The mean±SD score of anxiety after intervention in the group of Hugo point massage with ice (11.67±0.96) was significantly lower than that in the groups of Hugo point massage without ice (12.63±2.11) (P=0.040) and control (13.50±2.03) (P<0.001). No significant difference was observed among the three groups in terms of the mean±SD of blood sampling duration and the number of arterial blood sampling,Implications for Practice: Hugo point massage with ice is suggested to be used as an available, efficient, and cost-effective method before arterial blood sampling
Introduction
Nursing education needs to be dedicated to sparking creativity as well as enhancing dynamic thinking and clinical decision-making skills. In this respect, exploiting quantum-learning ...methodology can be effective since it provides contexts and contents to improve.
Objective
The main objective of this study was to compare the effects of the quantum-learning methodology and conventional teaching learning achievement, motivation to learn, and retention among nursing students during critical care nursing education.
Methods
This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 46 nursing students, enrolled in the sixth semester at the School of Nursing and Midwifery affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, were initially randomized into intervention and control groups. Then, the phases of “enroll, experience, label, demonstrate, review, and celebrate model were implemented in the intervention group, receiving the quantum-learning methodology. With regard to the control group, education was fulfilled according to the conventional teaching method. The learning achievement was subsequently measured in each group using. One month later, the in both groups were calculated. The data collection tools included a demographic characteristics form and the Kolb’s Learning Style Inventory and Learning Motivation Questionnaire. The data were finally compared via statistical tests.
Results
The total scores of the learning achievement in the intervention group were 16.84 ± 2.28 and these values were equal to 15.16 ± 2.41 in the control group, which were significantly different based on the independent-samples t-test results (
p
< 0.001). The retention mean scores in the intervention and control groups were also by 13.25 ± 1.88 and 11.71 ± 2.05, respectively (
p
< 0.001). In the intervention group, motivation to learn before and after education significantly different (
p
< 0.001). However, such a significant difference was not observed in the control group before and after the intervention (
p
= 0.30).
Conclusion
It was concluded that teaching methods encouraging students and providing interactive and fun environments could boost motivation to learn and give rise to retention, particularly in skill-based programs and courses. Teachers can thus utilize dynamic models such as the quantum-learning methodology to help students understand and gain more nursing skills.
The use of frozen embryos in the treatment of infertility with assisted reproductive techniques has been increased. Different methods are used to prepare the endometrium for frozen embryo transfer ...(FET). The aim of this study was to compare pregnancy outcomes after treatment with tamoxifen and hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) in FET.
This randomized clinical trial was carried out with 214 infertile women in the infertility research center of Milad Hospital in Mashhad during 2018-2020. We had 84 patients receiving tamoxifen and 92 took HRT. Endometrial thickness (ET) and pregnancy outcome were measured in both groups.
Mean infertility duration (p=0.328), number of embryos (p=0.649), FSH (p=0.390), LH (p=0.051) and LH/FSH ratio (p=0.287) as well as type of infertility (primary or secondary) (p=0.295), causes of infertility (p=0.750) and pattern of menstruation (p=0.676) were not significantly different in the two groups. Mean ET in the TMX and HRT groups were 8.72±1.45mm and 9.00±1.69mm, respectively (p=0.423). There was no statistically significant difference between chemical pregnancy (p=0.663), clinical pregnancy (p=0.994) and ongoing pregnancy (p≥0.999) in the TMX and HRT groups.
Treatment with tamoxifen can be as effective as GnRH agonist for endometrial preparation in FET.
Introduction: Newborns’ incapability to self-regulate their body temperature exposes them torisk of many complications. Therefore, proper initiations of nursing interventions are crucial for ensuring ...early stabilization after birth. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of a multi-method training program on knowledge and practices in neonatal nurses. Methods: This quasi-experimental research was carried out with a pre-test–post-test and intervention-control groups design. The population consisted of 60 nurses working in the neonatal and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of two hospitals in Iran. The samples were selected using the convenience sampling technique. A researcher-made questionnaire was used. The validation and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed. The nurses received a multi-method training for two weeks. They were evaluated three months later. Results: The mean knowledge score obtained in the pre-test was 30.33 ± 2.01, and it was47.73 ± 6.82 three months after the intervention. There was a statistically significant difference in the trend of changes in the scores of the two groups (F = 125.72, P < 0.001). The mean performance score in intervention group before the intervention was 60.63 ± 5.69 and after the intervention was 81.77 ± 6.37, indicating a significant difference in the trend of changes(F = 90.285, P < 0.001).The correlation between knowledge and practice was significant at the 0.01 level (r = 0.544,P = 0.002). The previous in-service training, individuals’ education, and thermoregulation knowledge were determined as predictors of performance (r = 0.651, P = 0.013). Conclusion: According to the results, a multi-method training program improves the nurses’ knowledge and performance in the infants’ body temperature regulation care.
In this work, the concentrations of flavonoid and anthocyanin pigments determined from different pistachio (Pistacia vera) cultivars collected from Damghan and Rafsanjan, were investigated. The ...flavonoid compound was evaluated as aluminum chloride complex and stated as mg of rutin equivalents/100g of the sample weight. To estimate anthocyanin content, colorimetric assays were used. The highest concentrations of flavonoid compounds (25mgRu100g-1fw) were found in the Abbas Ali cultivar from Damghan, followed by Kalehghoochi and Fakhri. The lowest level of anthocyanin was obtained in Khanjari from Damghan (7µmolg-1fu). The amount of anthocyanin and flavonoid pigments in different tissues of pistachio fruits showed that there was no significant difference in pistachio hull and kernel. After harvest, different cultivars indicated various values for phytochemical properties and flavonoid compound of pistachio hull and kernel ranged from 12.31 to 30.3 mgRu100g-1fw and 19.22 to 27.92 mgRu100g-1fw, anthocyanin pigment of pistachio hull and kernel from 6.81 to 11.1 µmol g-1fu and 4 to 18 µmolg-1fu, respectively. The pistachio kernel contained high amounts of flavonoid content, especially in the Fakhri cultivar, and the pistachio hull contained low levels of anthocyanin value, especially in the Akbari cultivar. Among the investigated pistachio kernel cultivars, Abbas Ali indicated higher values of anthocyanin pigment than Kalehghoochi, Akbari, Khanjari, and Fakhri. Our findings could be beneficial for introducing interesting properties to the pistachio nut such as cultivar-rich resources from anthocyanin and flavonoid contents and can be used when selecting a special cultivar for a particular application and pharmaceutical industry.
Introduction: Sexual satisfaction is a key factor in quality of life that depends on several factors including healthy, pleasant and painless sexual relations. Treatment of sexual dysfunction should ...be given special attention due to the impact on the relationship between couples and family stability. This study was performed with aim to determine the effect of inhalation of Elaeagnus angustifolia flower essence on dyspareunia and sexual satisfaction of women at reproductive age. Methods: This three-group randomized clinical trial study was performed on 99 women referring to health centers in Mashhad in 2019-2020. The study's units were assigned into three groups. The first group used the essence for 4 weeks, 3 times a day for 20 minutes each time and the second group once only 20 minutes before intercourse as inhalation and the third group did not receive any intervention. The Sexual Function Index (FSFI) was completed before the intervention and at the end of the 4th week after the intervention in all three groups. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 21) and one-way analysis of variance, Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean score of sexual pain after the intervention in the first intervention group was 4.3±0.8, in the second intervention group was 4.7±0.7 and in the control group was 4.0±0.8. Based on the results of the intra-group test, the intervention was significantly increased only in the second intervention group (p<0.05). The mean score of sexual satisfaction after the intervention in the first intervention group was 4.2±0.7, in the second intervention group was 4.7±0.9 and in the control group was 3.8±0.5. Based on the results of intra-group test, the intervention was significantly increased only in the second intervention group (p<0.001). Conclusion: Inhalation of Elaeagnus angustifolia essence 20 minutes before intercourse can effectively increase sexual satisfaction by reducing pain and discomfort during sexual intercourse. Therefore, it can be used as an affordable herbal supplement with minimal side effects.
PDF
