The aim of this study was to develop an effective cell sheet translocation method using a cell adhesive and temperature-responsive hydroxybutyl chitosan hydrogel (HBC). The polydopamine (PD)-coated ...HBC hydrogels were prepared by the dopamine self-polymerization on the surface of HBC hydrogel with different coating time, termed as P30, P60 and P120, respectively. Gelling property of HBC was not affected by PD coating. The PD-coated HBC hydrogels promoted the attachment and proliferation of mouse fibroblast cells (L929) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and allowed formation of monolayer cell sheet. In vitro translocation of HUVECs sheet could be obtained successively through phase transition of PD coated HBC hydrogel from gel to sol, and the cells sheet transferred from P30 hydrogel to a round cell coverglass maintained relatively complete monolayer and normal cell morphology. The results showed that P30 hydrogel has the potential to be used for cell transplantation therapy.
•The PD-coated hydrogels emerged a special porous structure with a small surface pore size.•The PD-coated hydrogels had phase transition between gels-sols.•The L929 and HUVECs cells could attach and proliferate in the surface of the PD-coated hydrogels.•The transferred cells sheet maintained relatively complete monolayer and normal cell morphology.
The spherical-like and honeycomb structural Li
0.1
Ca
0.9
TiO
3
particles are prepared by spray drying combined with following calcination confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron ...microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS). The poly (vinylidene fluoride-
co
-hexafluoropropylene) (P(VDF-HFP))-based composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) modified with the particles are fabricated by phase inversion and activation processes. The characterization results show that the as-prepared CPE membranes possess the smoothest surface and most abundant micropores with the lowest crystallinity with adding the particles into the polymer matrix, which results in high ionic conductivity (3.947 mS cm
−1
) and lithium ion transference number (0.4962) at ambient temperature. The interfacial resistance can be quickly stabilized at 508 Ω after 5 days storage and the electrochemical working window is up to 5.2 V. Moreover, the mechanical strength of the membranes gains significant improvement without lowering the ionic conductivity. Furthermore, the assembled coin cell can also deliver high discharge specific capacity and preserve steady cycle performance at different current densities. Those outstanding properties may be ascribed to the distinctive structure of the tailored spherical-like and honeycomb structural Li
0.1
Ca
0.9
TiO
3
particles, which can guarantee the desirable CPEs as a new promising candidate for the polymer electrolyte.
•Salting-out assisted DESs extraction method was developed for extraction SFN.•N8881Cl-EG DES showed excellent extraction performance of SFN.•Salting-out effect could effectively improve extraction ...efficiency of SFN.•Hydrogen-bond acceptor ability of DES is helpful for extracting SFN.•vdW and electrostatic interactions are the main interaction between DES and SFN.
In order to extract sulforaphane (SFN) from broccoli via green and efficient ways, a novel method based on salting-out assisted deep eutectic solvent (DES) has been developed. Compared to known organic solvent- (such as dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-hexane, etc.) based liquid–liquid extraction, this new N8881Cl-based DES method exhibited excellent extraction efficiency for SFN, including a significant improvement due to the salting-out effect of KH2PO4. Under optimal conditions, 97.77 % of SFN was extracted by N8881Cl-EG DES and more than 82.5 % of SFN was recovered by activated carbon from DES. In addition, further studies with Kamlet-Taft parameters and density functional theory showed that the H-bond accepting capacity of hydrophobic DES, the existing vdW interaction, and the electrostatic interaction between N8881Cl-EG DES all contributed to efficient extraction of SFN. This is the first time that the underlying mechanism for SFN extraction by DES was revealed.
MoSe2-MoO2@ honeycombed carbon composites have been obtained, in which the honeycombed carbon derived from sisal fiber services as a conductive matrix. The detailed preparation process is reported in ...this paper. The prepared composites are characterized by XRD, Raman, EDX, SEM and XPS analysis. It is obtained that the hybrid MoO2-MoSe2 with nanoparticle and hierarchical flower-like structures are coating on the surface of sisal fiber carbon (SFC). The electrochemical behavior of the lithium ion battery using MoO2-MoSe2@SFC as electrode has been studied. The electrode exhibits a retention capacity of 494 mAh/g at the current density of 50 mA/g over 30 cycles, while a capacity of 258 mAh/g is obtained at the current density of 1 A/g. The roles of the MoO2 and MoSe2 in electrochemical behavior are discussed respectively.
Poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoroprolene) (P(VDF-HFP))-based composite polymer electrolyte (CPE) membranes doped with organic-inorganic hybrid particles poly(methyl methacrylate)ZrO2 (PMMA-ZrO2) ...are fabricated by phase inversion, in which PMMA is firstly successfully grafted onto the surface of the homemade nano-ZrO2 particles via in situ polymerization confirmed by FT-IR. XRD and DSC patterns show that adding PMMA-ZrO2 into the polymer matrix can decrease the crystallinity of the CPE membranes and TG curves indicate the CPE membranes possess desirable thermal stability. It can be found that the CPE membrane presents a uniform surface with abundant interconnected micro-pores when the added amount of PMMA-ZrO2 increases to 5 wt % vs. polymer matrix, in which the ionic conductivity at room temperature and tensile strength can be up to 3.595 mS cm−1 and 26.18 MPa, respectively. In particular, the CPE membrane shows the minimum deformation of about 8% after being exposed at 160 °C for 1 h, and the electrochemical working window of the assembled Li/CPE/SS cell can be stable at 5.1 V (vs Li/Li+) at room temperature. Moreover, the LiCoO2/CPE/Li coin cell can deliver a specific capacity of 114.5 mAh g−1 with 79.13% capacity retention at 2.0 C after 110 cycles. The results suggest that the as-fabricated P(VDF-HFP)-based CPE doped with 5 wt % organic-inorganic hybrid particles PMMA-ZrO2 can be a promising polymer electrolyte for lithium ion batteries.
Coulombic efficiency and cycle plots of the LiCoO2/CPE-5/Li coin cell at different rates, the inserts are SEM images of the CPE membranes and the digital photos of the CPE-x membranes (x = 0, 3, 5 and 8 wt %) before (A) and after (B) thermal exposure at 160 °C for 1 h. Display omitted
•Organic-inorganic hybrid particles PMMA-ZrO2 are synthesized via in situ polymerization.•The ionic conductivity and tensile strength of the CPE-5 is up to 3.595 mS cm−1 and 26.18 Mpa, respectively.•The CPE-5 membranes show the minimum deformation after being exposed at 160 °C for 1 h.•The assembled cells show good rate and cycle performance.
Understanding the interaction mechanism between proteins and surfactants is conducive to the application of protein/surfactant mixtures in the food industry. The present study investigated the ...interaction mechanism of casein with cationic Gemini surfactant (BQAS), anionic Gemini surfactant (SGS), anionic single-chain surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate SDS), and two biosurfactants (rhamnolipid RL and lactone sophorolipid SL) at the interface and in bulk phase. BQAS/casein and SDS/casein mixtures exhibit a strong synergistic effect on the surface activity. For SGS, RL, and SL, the formation of surfactant/casein complexes caused no improvement in surface activity. Dilational elasticity results indicate the displacement of casein by SGS, RL, and SL at the surface. However, the BQAS/casein complexes manifested varying dilational properties from pure casein surface. The strong electrostatic interaction between BQAS and casein produced large-size precipitate particles. For other surfactants, no precipitate particles formed. Determination of ζ-potential, UV–vis absorption spectra, and fluorescence spectra demonstrated the stronger interaction of BQAS and SDS with casein than that of SGS, RL, and SL. Addition of BQAS initially increased and then decreased the α-helix structure of casein. For SGS, RL, and SL, no noticeable change occurred in the casein structure. However, the formation of SDS/casein complexes was conducive to the casein structure. In conclusion, the interaction between BQAS and casein is similar to that of cationic single-chain surfactant. Furthermore, SGS exhibits a significantly different interaction mechanism from the corresponding monomer (SDS), possibly resulting from its excellent interfacial activity, low critical micelle concentration values, and strong self-assembly capability. For RL and SL, the weak interaction is attributed to the relatively complicated structure and less charged degree of hydrophilic headgroups.
Correlation Analysis and Control Scheme Research on PM2.5 Zhang, Kai Dong; Liu, Tian; Liu, Ying ...
Applied Mechanics and Materials,
06/2014, Letnik:
590, Številka:
Innovative Solutions in the Field of Engineering Sciences
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The PM2.5 atmospheric pollution is becoming more and more serious. A lot of importance has been attached to its course of formation and control scheme. Especially the related research has been taken ...on the quantitative analysis and control. In this paper, a reasonable PM2.5 five years of treatment scheme is given for a city as an example. First of all, by using the correlation analysis, the correlation matrix of the city's 6 main AQI index were obtained on existing monitoring data. The correlation analysis is also taken on the PM2.5 and the other 5 primary AQI index. It gives the same conclusion, that is, PM2.5 is correlated with SO2, NO2, PM10 and CO. And the correlation is significantly linear. Then, by using stepwise regression analysis, the optimal regression equation about PM2.5 and 3 with comprehensive treatment and governance factors, PM10 SO2 NO2, is calculated. After converting the PM2.5 concentration into its AQI index for both the reference year and five years after target, the reference year's PM2.5, SO2, NO2, PM10 benchmark index value are also calculated. Then according to each of these 4 indicators of minimum changes, and still can meet the constraints, a nonlinear programming model and the nonlinear constraints are established and simplified as linear constraints. So, the model is transformed into a standard nonlinear programming problem. Finally, the possible annual average governance indicators are calculated. It Has a certain of practical significance for guiding the control scheme of PM2.5.
An investigation was made on the abundance and biomass of planktonic ciliates in the shelf of East China Sea in May (spring) and November (autumn), 2011. The abundance of the ciliates in spring and ...autumn was averagely (614 +/- 861) and (934 +/- 809) ind x L(-1), and the biomass was averagely (1.70 +/- 3.91) and (0.93 +/- 0.99) microg C x L(-1), respectively. The high abundance and biomass in spring were found in coastal and offshore areas, and those in autumn were in offshore only. In the two seasons, the ciliates tended to accumulate in the waters upper layer, and sometimes flocked in the bottom. In the spring, aloricate ciliate species were larger than those in the autumn. Tintinnids occupied (26.9% +/- 34.3)% and (44.9% +/- 25.2)% of the total ciliates abundance in spring and autumn, respectively. In taxonomy, 52 tintinnid species of 27 genera were identified. The most dominant species were Tintinnidium primitivum, Stenosemella oliva, and Tintinnopsis tubulosoides in spring, and Tintinnidium primitivum, S
This paper studied the impacts of different dose ultraviolet irradiation (254 nm, UVC) on the sperm motility and longevity of Acipenser baerii. Ultraviolet irradiation had significant impacts on the ...sperm motility, its fast motion time, and longevity. With the increasing dose of ultraviolet irradiation, the sperm motility decreased rapidly first, increased rapidly then, and decreased rapidly again. The sperm fast motion time had the similar variation trend as the sperm motility, but the sperm longevity kept decreasing with increasing dose of ultraviolet irradiation. When the ultraviolet irradiation dose increased to 288 mJ x cm(-2), the sperm fast motion disappeared; when the ultraviolet irradiation dose increased up to 324 mJ x cm(-2), the sperm had no motility and died. According to the "Hertwig effect", the optimum ultraviolet irradiation dose for inactivating A. baerii sperm was 216 mJ x cm(-2).
Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (P(VDF-HFP))-based composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) doped with different amounts of CaTiO3 inorganic fillers are prepared by phase inversion. ...With adding the CaTiO3 fillers into the P(VDF-HFP) polymer matrix, the CPE membranes show more abundant and uniform micro-pore structure with lower crystallinity, better thermal stability and mechanical strength. The characterization results show that the ionic conductivity at room temperature and electrochemical working window of the CPE doped with 5 wt% CaTiO3 fillers (CPE-5) can be up to about 3.557 mS cm−1 and 5.1 V, respectively. The interfacial resistance of the Li/CPE-5/Li simulated cell can quickly stabilize at 750 Ω after 5 days storage, and the assembled LiCoO2/CPE-5/Li coin cell shows excellent rate and cycle performance. Moreover, the CPE-5 membrane can still well maintain the original micro-pore structure after 100 cycles at 1.0 C without visible cracks. Those results suggest that the as-fabricated CPE doped with 5 wt% CaTiO3 inorganic fillers may become a promising polymer electrolyte for the lithium ion battery
Cycling performance and coulombic efficiency plots of the LiCoO2/CPE-5/Li battery after 100 cycles at 1.0 C (The insert are the SEM images and digital photographs of the CPE-5 before and after cycle). Display omitted
•P(VDF-HFP)-based CPE membranes doped with different amounts of CaTiO3 ceramics are fabricated by phase inversion.•The electrolyte uptake and ionic conductivity of the CPE-5 can be up to 187.4% and 3.557 mS cm−1.•The Li/CPE-5/Li simulated cell possesses good interfacial stability.•The assembled LiCoO2/CPE-5/Li battery shows good rate and cycle performance.
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