Previous research on ability emotional intelligence (EI) has shown that EI positively contributes to different positive life outcomes. However, the role of EI abilities in prosocial behaviour (PSB) ...has not been sufficiently investigated. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationships between EI abilities measured by tests and self-reports, empathy and PSB in the student population. A total of N = 331 university students completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, two EI tests, and self-report measures of EI, cognitive empathy, emotional reactivity and PSB. Of all EI measures, only self-reports correlated with PSB. Cognitive and emotional empathy were also related to PSB. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that self-assessed EI, cognitive empathy and emotional reactivity were predictors of PSB. Cognitive empathy and emotional reactivity also mediated the relationship between self-assessed EI and PSB. The results showed that for the prediction of PSB, it is important how a person evaluates his emotional abilities, and not what the actual level of these abilities is. Furthermore, people with higher self-estimated EI behave prosocially more often because they experience empathy to a greater extent, both cognitively and emotionally.
This paper explores problematic Internet gaming in the context of other forms of risky behaviour. The basic premise is that children and adolescents at risk will display different types of risky ...behaviour in various settings.
Children and adolescents (N=1150) were surveyed about (cyber)violence, problematic gaming (habits, motives and symptoms), self-disclosure via Facebook and self-esteem.
Regular gamers were more violent both face-to-face and via the Internet, and were more prone to problematic gaming than occasional gamers. Those who played games for more than five hours per day (9% of respondents) were classified as potentially problematic gamers. They experienced and committed more violence both face-to-face and via the Internet, were more involved in self-disclosure and had more problematic gaming symptoms than those who played for less than five hours a day, but these groups did not differ in self-esteem. Participants could choose from a list of eight different motives for their gaming; those motivated by peer communication, a sense of control, relaxation, conformism, self-efficacy and to distract from problems reported more symptoms of problematic gaming than those not motivated by these factors. Gender, age, self-esteem, self-disclosure and committing violence contributed to explaining the variance in problematic gaming, accounting for about 26% of its variance. Boys, lower self-esteem, more self-disclosure and committing both types of violence more regularly were connected with reporting more symptoms of problematic gaming. The results will be discussed in the context of a general proneness to risky behaviour.
Committing violence against peers (both traditional and cyber) predicts significantly problematic gaming. This supports the premise that children and adolescents at risk are prone to exhibiting different forms of risky behaviour in different settings.
We examined the predictors of out‐group empathy in children growing up in a city devastated during the fall of the Former Yugoslavia. Children (N = 155; 76 male, 79 female) from both majority (64.5% ...Croatian) and minority (35.5% Serbian) ethnic groups, ranging from 6 to 11 years old (M = 8.77, SD = 1.15) participated. A multiple‐group path analysis in Mplus found that age, general empathy, quality contact and perceived intergroup conflict related to higher out‐group empathy. There were no significant links from gender, quantity contact or out‐group friends to out‐group empathy. The findings were consistent across majority and minority ethnic groups. Implications are discussed.
An overarching, supraordinate identity (e.g., European identity) can enhance intergroup relations if individuals recategorize ingroup and outgroup members into one, unified group. Yet, in ...conflict‐affected societies, ethno‐national identities may promote negative intergroup attitudes and behaviours. The effects of European and ethno‐national identities in combination have yet to be explored in childhood. If they can be integrated, the inclusivity of a supraordinate European identity may be felt despite the divisiveness of ethno‐national identities in post‐accord societies. This research assesses supraordinate identity integration in relation to quality intergroup contact and cross‐group friendships among the post‐accord generation in Croatia, Kosovo and Republic of North Macedonia (RNM). These sites have relatively recent conflicts, but varying relationships to the EU. Data were collected from 382 children aged 7–11, split evenly by minority and majority status (Croatia n = 90; Kosovo n = 107; RNM n = 185). Children across all three sites had integrated ethno‐national/European identities. Levels of identity integration varied by site, but not group status. Identity integration was positively and significantly associated with quality of outgroup contact and number of cross‐group friends, and this relationship varied by site. Integrated supraordinate identities have promising implications for intergroup relations and the future of peacebuilding in Europe. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
This paper explores the effects of gender and affective and cognitive empathy on cyberviolence in youth. Data were available from 396 adolescents (202 51% females), aged 12to 19 years, who completed ...questionnaires for empathy and cyber-violence. Analyses (2x2x2;committing and experiencing cyber-violence as dependent variables) showed that participants with a low level of empathy (either affective or cognitive) commit more, while those with a low level of cognitive empathy experience more cyber-violence. Males with a low level of empathy committed more cyber-violence than the other three groups (male with high level of empathy and female participants with both high and low level of empathy). The results indicate that both types of empathy may be protective factors from committing cyber-violence, with a higher level of cognitive empathy being connected with a lower level of experiencing cyber-violence. This paper explores the effects of gender and affective and cognitive empathy on cyberviolence in youth. Data were available from 396 adolescents (202 51% females), aged 12to 19 years, who completed questionnaires for empathy and cyber-violence. Analyses (2x2x2; committing and experiencing cyber-violence as dependent variables) showed that participants with a low level of empathy (either affective or cognitive) commit more, while those with a low level of cognitive empathy experience more cyber-violence. Males with a low level of empathy committed more cyber-violence than the other three groups (male with high level of empathy and female participants with both high and low level of empathy). The results indicate that both types of empathy may be protective factors from committing cyber-violence, with a higher level of cognitive empathy being connected with a lower level of experiencing cyber-violence.
Osobe kasne životne dobi koje žive u okviru vlastitih kućanstava, skupina su koja svojim potrebama i udjelom u općoj populaciji zaslužuje veliku pažnju znanstvenika i stručnjaka. Cilj ovoga ...istraživanja je ispitati neke sociodemografske odrednice kvalitete života osoba kasne odrasle dobi koje žive na području Slavonije. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo N=692 osoba (62,5% žena) prosječne dobi 73,98 (SD=6,398) godina. Ispitanici su odgovarali na pitanja o sociodemografskim karakteristikama i na Upitnik kvalitete života (WHOQOL – BREF, 1998) Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije. Upitnik mjeri četiri domene kvalitete života: tjelesno zdravlje, psihičko zdravlje, socijalne odnose i okruženje. Rezultati su pokazali zadovoljavajuću kvalitetu života osoba kasne odrasle dobi, pri čemu su se slične odrednice pokazale značajnima za različite domene kvalitete života. Iz rezultata je vidljivo kako muškarci (čak i kada je varijabla dob kontrolirana), mlađi ispitanici, ispitanici koji su u vezi/braku (za razliku od samaca i udovaca), ispitanici s višim stupnjem obrazovanja, materijalno neovisni, koji imaju stalne prihode mirovine, te ne boluju od kroničnih (fizičkih/psihičkih) bolesti, izvještavaju o višim razinama kvalitete života vezane uz tjelesno i psihičko zdravlje, te okruženje. Kvaliteti socijalnih odnosa, osim već navedenih varijabli, doprinosi i roditeljski status. Za razliku od mjesta stanovanja (grad/selo) koje se nije pokazalo značajnom odrednicom niti za jednu domenu kvalitete života, članstvo u udruzi ili KUD-u pozitivno doprinosi kvaliteti života.
Late adults who live in their own households are a group that merits a lot of attention from scientistsand experts, due to their number in the general population and their needs. The aim of this research is toexamine some socio-demographic determinants of the quality of life of people in late adulthood living inSlavonia. N= 692 people (62.5% women) with an average age of 73.98 (SD=6.398) years participated inthis research.Participants answered questions about socio-demographic characteristics and the World HealthOrganization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL – BREF, 1998). In addition to the general qualityof life and health, the questionnaire measures four domains of the quality of life: physical health,psychological health, social relationships and the environment. The results showed a satisfactory quality oflife for late adults, with similar determinants being significant for different quality of life domains. It wasfound that men (even when the variable age is controlled), younger participants, participants who are in arelationship/marriage (in contrast to people who are single or widowed), participants with a higher degreeof education, those who are financially independent, who have a permanent income from pensions and donot suffer from chronic (physical/mental) diseases, report higher levels of quality of life related to physicaland mental health and the environment. Parental status also contributes to the quality of social relations,along with the previously mentioned variables. It is interesting that the place of residence (town/village)did not prove to be a significant determinant for any quality of life domain, but membership in associationsor folklore societies was shown to positively contribute to the quality of life.
The aim of this study was to examine age differences of minority and majority adolescents regarding ethnic identity, in-group bias (as a form of ethnic attachment), and constructive and blind ...patriotism (as a form of national attachment). The study was conducted in four multi-ethnic contexts in Croatia: Croatian-Czech, Croatian-Hungarian, Croatian-Serbian and Croatian-Italian. The results of N = 924 students of primary (sixth, seventh and eighth grade) and secondary (second, third and fourth grade) schools were analysed. The average age was M = 14.99, SD = 2.17 years. Younger pupils express higher levels of ethnic identity and blind patriotism, whereas constructive patriotism was more expressed in older students. There were no age differences in in-group bias. Minority pupils exhibit lower levels of bias, while majority members are more prone to bias in the Croatian-Serbian and Croatian- -Hungarian contexts. Furthermore, majority pupils are more willing to express constructive, but also blind patriotism.
The aim of this study was to examine age differences of minority and majority adolescents regarding ethnic identity, in-group bias (as a form of ethnic attachment), and constructive and blind ...patriotism (as a form of national attachment). The study was conducted in four multi-ethnic contexts in Croatia: Croatian-Czech, Croatian-Hungarian, Croatian-Serbian and Croatian-Italian. The results of N = 924 students of primary (sixth, seventh and eighth grade) and secondary (second, third and fourth grade) schools were analysed. The average age was M = 14.99, SD = 2.17 years. Younger pupils express higher levels of ethnic identity and blind patriotism, whereas constructive patriotism was more expressed in older students. There were no age differences in in-group bias. Minority pupils exhibit lower levels of bias, while majority members are more prone to bias in the Croatian-Serbian and Croatian- -Hungarian contexts. Furthermore, majority pupils are more willing to express constructive, but also blind patriotism.
In this study we examined the relationship between the preference of minority educational models and attitudes towards multiculturalism and assimilationism in four multiethnic communities in Croatia. ...A sample of 1568 students, aged 11 to 19, members of the Croatian majority and four national minorities (Czechs, Hungarians, Serbs and Italians) enrolled in model A of minority education (all classes are taught in the minority language), and 2000 of their parents participated in the research. Additionally, this is the first paper describing the major socio-demographic characteristics of students in minority education model A, as well as aspects of their language competence in Croatian and minority languages, the use of language in their families and their intentions to continue education in Croatia as opposed to their country of origin. The results have shown that the preferences of minority education models are slightly related to attitudes towards multiculturalism and
assimilationism, but also that group status (minority or majority) and the multiethnic context the study has been conducted in are important determinants of attitudes towards multiculturalism and assimilationism.
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