We present the Lyman-\(\alpha\) (Ly\(\alpha\)) and ultraviolet (UV) luminosity function (LF), in bins of redshift, of quasars selected in the Physics of the Accelerating Universe Survey (PAUS). A ...sample of 915 objects was selected at \(2.7<z<5.3\) within an effective area of \(\sim 36\) deg\(^2\) observed in 40 narrow-band filters (NB; FWHM \(\sim 120\) Å). We cover the intermediate-bright luminosity regime of the LF \((10^{43.5}<(L_{{\rm Ly}\alpha}/{\rm erg\,s}^{-1})<10^{45.5}\); \(-29<M_{\rm UV}<-24)\). The continuous wavelength coverage of the PAUS NB set allows a very efficient target identification and precise redshift measurements. We show that our method is able to retrieve a fairly complete (\(C\sim 85\%\)) and pure (\(P\sim 90\%\)) sample of Ly\(\alpha\) emitting quasars for \(L_{{\rm Ly}\alpha}>10^{44}\) ${\rm erg\,s}$$^{-1}\(. In order to obtain corrections for the LF estimation, and assess the accuracy of our selection method, we produced mock catalogs of \)0<z<4.3\( quasars and galaxies that mimic our target population and their main contaminants. Our results show a clear evolution of the Ly\)\alpha\( and UV LFs, with a declining tendency in the number density of quasars towards increasing redshifts. In addition, the faint-end power-law slope of the Ly\)\alpha\( LF becomes steeper with redshift, suggesting that the number density of Ly\)\alpha\(-bright quasars declines faster than that of fainter emitters. By integrating the Ly\)\alpha\( LF we find that the total Ly\)\alpha\( emitted by bright quasars per unit volume rapidly declines with increasing redshift, being sub-dominant to that of star-forming galaxies by several orders of magnitude by \)z\sim 4\(. Finally, we stack the NB pseudo-spectra of a visually selected "golden sample" of 591 quasars to obtain photometric composite SEDs in bins of redshift, enabling to measure the mean IGM absorption by the Lyman-\)\alpha$ forest as a function of redshift.
This work presents the analysis, manufacturing and testing of a coaxial sample in order to investigate the multipactor effect in this kind of waveguide structures. In-home and commercial software ...have been used to design a quarter-wave transformer coaxial circuit centered at 1.35 GHz. The multipactor analysis of this device has been carried out allowing the prediction of the RF breakdown multipactor threshold. Moreover, the multipactor onset of such a prototype has been measured showing a very good agreement with our simulations. In addition to this, comparison has been also done with results from the technical literature fully validating the new algorithm developed
Migraine-like associated with chest pain is an alarming association and forces us to rule out the presence of a secondary cause. That must be taken into account in the differential diagnosis of ...craniofacial hemicranial pain that appears in patients with no personal history of headache, and risk factors for the development of pulmonary neoplasia.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the prognostic significance of c-
erbB-2/neu amplification and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression in primary breast cancer (BC) and their ...prognostic implications when combined with estradiol receptor (ER) status. In this work, 825 BCs were studied.
Neu amplification was evaluated by dot-blot and EGFR expression was evaluated by ligand binding assay using I
125-EGF. Neu, EGFR, estradiol and progesterone receptors (ER and PR) had a marked influence on disease free survival (DFS) in univariate analysis. In node-negative (NO) cases only
neu was associated with short DFS (
p = 0.005). However, in node-positive (N + ) cases both EGFR (
p = 0.005) and
neu (
p = 0.002) influenced DFS. None of the biological markers were significant predictors for overall survival (OS) in NO/BC.. On the contrary, in N + /BC, EGFR + (
p = 0.003) was associated with short OS. The EGFR + /
neu + phenotype represented a sub-group with an even worse prognosis with respect to DFS (
p = 0.0034) as well as EGFR + /ER - tumors (
p = 0.005). Moreover,
neu + /ER - patients also had a high probability of relapse (
p = 0.0000) and death (
p = 0.006). C-
erbB-2/neu, EGFR, histological grade, pN, pT and ER were subjected to a Cox multivariate regression analysis:
neu was the most important parameter in predicting recurrence, and EGFR was a significant predictor for OS.
In this paper, we present several results in two types of microwave components: coaxial waveguides and strip lines. Moreover, a deep theoretical investigation is shown for the case of a two parallel ...metal plates partially filled with a dielectric film. Relevant results are found both for coaxial lines operating in standing wave, and for the partially filled dielectric parallel plates in which the first crossover energies of the metal and the dielectric significantly differ.
The possibility that gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) could modulate sympathetic neurotransmission in the cerebrovascular bed of the goat has been investigated by means of 3 experimental approaches: ...measurement of cerebral blood flow in the anesthetized animal, recording of isometric tension in isolated cerebral arteries, and measurement of tritium efflux from cerebral arteries preloaded with 3Hnoradrenaline. Electrical stimulation of cervical sympathetic nerve produced reductions in cerebral blood flow which were significantly diminished during continuous infusion of GABA (20-40 micrograms/min) into the internal maxillary artery. Picrotoxin (3 mg) did not change the inhibitory effect of GABA. Exogenously administered noradrenaline (1-9 micrograms) and tyramine (50-500 micrograms) reduced cerebral blood flow as well, but this effect was unchanged by GABA infusion. Transmural electrical stimulation elicited frequency-dependent contractile responses in isolated cerebral arteries which were significantly blocked when GABA was present, at a dose (10(-4) M) which did not modify the contractile response to exogenous noradrenaline (10(-8)-10(-4) M). Moreover, GABA (10(-5)-10(-4) M) inhibited transmural electrical stimulation-evoked tritium efflux from arteries preloaded with 3Hnoradrenaline. These results show that GABA inhibits adrenergic neurotransmission in cerebral arteries by a mechanism involving inhibition of transmitter release. Probably, specific presynaptic GABA-B receptors mediate this inhibitory effect.
The purpose of the study was to analyze some variables of donors, recipients and surgical procedures in order to discover factors that could predict mortality during the early stage (< 30 days) of ...orthotopic heart transplants.
125 consecutive orthotopic heart transplants in adults were analyzed. The average age was 51 +/- 11 (range: 12-67), 109 (87%) were men, 16 were women (13%). Two groups were compared: 15 patients who died within 30 days after heart transplant and 110 who survived during that period. Immunosuppressive protocol: preoperative: Cyclosporin + Azathioprine. Intraoperative: Methylprednisolone Postoperative: Methylprednisolone (first 24 h), antilymphocyte monoclonal antibodies (7-10 days after heart transplant) + Cyclosporin + Azathioprine + Corticoids. The following parameters of the recipient were analyzed: sex, age, weight, size, thoracic perimeter, pretransplant cardiopathy, previous thoracic operations, functional stage or need for catecholamines during the days prior to the transplant, pulmonary artery pressure and resistance, history of systemic arterial hypertension, elevation of creatinine, blood type, urgent transplant indication, receptor/donor weight relationship. The following parameters of donors and operation were analyzed: sex, age, weight, thoracic perimeter, period in intensive care unit, dose of dopamine and dobutamine, blood type, origin of the organ, cause of death, ischaemia time, cardiopulmonary by-pass time and cardioplegia type.
The rate of early mortality was 12%. The univariate analysis showed differences in: prior cardiovascular surgery, receptor blood type, need for urgent transplantation, pulmonary artery resistance > 2.5 Wood Units, cardiopulmonary by-pass time, weight relationship between receptor and donor. The death cause of the donor proved significant. On multivariate analysis, the following parameters independently predicted early mortality: history of operation with extracorporeal circulation, high pulmonary artery resistance, urgent transplant, receptor/donor weight relation and time of extracorporeal circulation.
We believe that the results of our experience can help to stratify the risk in the orthotopic heart transplant recipient and even to contraindicate the procedure in some cases showing an accumulation of poor prognostic factors in borderline recipients.
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