Issues related to the use of meso-substituted porphyrins for dye-sensitized solar cells are discussed. Dye-sensitized solar cells are used to produce solar energy.
Organic, dye-sensitized and perovskite solar cell technologies have triggered widespread interest in recent years due to their very promising potential towards a high solar electricity future. A ...number of important milestones have marked the roadmap of each sector on the way to today's outstanding performances, but there still remains plenty of scope for further improvement. The most influential landmarks, together with basic concepts and future perspectives, are unraveled in this review.
Organic, dye-sensitized and perovskite solar cell technologies have triggered widespread interest in recent years due to their very promising potential towards a high solar electricity future. A number of important milestones have marked the roadmap of each sector on the way to today's outstanding performances, but there still remains plenty of scope for further improvement. The most influential landmarks, together with basic concepts and future perspectives are unraveled in this review.
The topic of molecular photovoltaics in covalent and noncovalent phthalocyanine-carbon macrostructure systems is examined. In addition, the use of electronic transfer in in covalent and noncovalent ...phthalocyanine-carbon nanostructure systems is explored.
Phthalocyanines for dye-sensitized solar cells Urbani, Maxence; Ragoussi, Maria-Eleni; Nazeeruddin, Mohammad Khaja ...
Coordination chemistry reviews,
02/2019, Letnik:
381
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Display omitted
•The molecular engineering of phthalocyanines for their application in dye-sensitized solar cells is reviewed.•Optimization of peripheral and non-peripheral substitution ...patterns.•Modification of the anchoring groups and spacers.•Enhancement of the light-harvesting properties and panchromatic response.•Co-sensitization and energy relay dyes.
Phthalocyanines (Pcs) are robust and intensely colored macrocycles (blue pigments) with high chemical, thermal and light stability, properties that are of paramount importance for realistic photovoltaic applications. In particular, Pcs have played a very important role in the development of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), as they are promising candidates for incorporation in these devices. Good efficiencies have been obtained by the use of Pcs as the light harvester, and, most importantly, a number of synthetic strategies have been developed for engineered dyes based on the Pc scaffold, due to the synthetic versatility and robustness of these macrocycles. In this review, recent advances in the use of phthalocyanines as photosensitizers for DSSC applications are presented.
Phthalocyanines exhibit superior photoproperties that make them a surely attractive class of photosensitisers for photodynamic therapy of cancer. Several derivatives are at various phases of clinical ...trials, and efforts have been put continuously to improve their photodynamic efficacy. To this end, various strategies have been applied to develop advanced phthalocyanines with optimised photoproperties, dual therapeutic actions, tumour-targeting properties and/or specific activation at tumour sites. The advantageous properties and potential of phthalocyanines as advanced photosensitisers for photodynamic therapy of cancer are highlighted in this tutorial review.
Due to their photoproperties and easy chemical functionalisations, phthalocyanines are amongst the most promising advanced photosensitisers for photodynamic therapy of cancer.
Organic-inorganic lead halide perovskite absorbers in combination with electron and hole transporting selective contacts result in power conversion efficiencies of over 23% under AM 1.5 sun ...conditions. The advantage of perovskite solar cells is their simple fabrication through solution-processing methods either in n-i-p or p-i-n configurations. Using TiO
2
or SnO
2
as an electron transporting layer, a compositionally engineered perovskite as an absorber layer, and Spiro-OMeTAD as a HTM, several groups have reported over 20% efficiency. Though perovskite solar cells reached comparable efficiency to that of crystalline silicon ones, their stability remains a bottleneck for commercialization partly due to the use of doped Spiro-OMeTAD. Several organic and inorganic hole transporting materials have been explored to increase the stability and power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells. IIn this review, we analyse the stability and efficiency of perovskite solar cells incorporating phthalocyanine and porphyrin macrocycles as hole- and electron transporting materials. The π-π stacking orientation of these macrocycles on the perovskite surface is important in facilitating a vertical charge transport, resulting in high power conversion efficiency.
Stable macrocyclic compounds based on phthalocyanines and porphyrins as hole- and electron-transporting materials for perovskite solar cells are reviewed.
The development of photoactive and biocompatible nanomaterials is a current major challenge of materials science and nanotechnology, as they will contribute to promoting current and future biomedical ...applications. A growing strategy in this direction consists of using biologically inspired hybrid materials to maintain or even enhance the optical properties of chromophores and fluorophores in biological media. Within this area, porphyrinoids constitute the most important family of organic photosensitizers. The following extensive review will cover their incorporation into different kinds of photosensitizing biohybrid materials, as a fundamental research effort toward the management of light for biomedical use, including technologies such as photochemical internalization (PCI), photoimmunotherapy (PIT), and theranostic combinations of fluorescence imaging and photodynamic therapy (PDT) or photodynamic inactivation (PDI) of microorganisms.
The present article reviews the most important developing strategies in light-induced nanomedicine, based on the combination of porphyrinoid photosensitizers with a wide variety of biomolecules and biomolecular assemblies.
Graphene-based materials (GBMs), with graphene, their most known member, at the head, constitute a large family of materials which has aroused the interest of scientists working in different research ...fields such as chemistry, physics, or materials science, to mention a few, arguably as no other material before. In this review, we offer a general overview on the most relevant synthetic approaches for the covalent and non-covalent functionalization and characterization of GBMs. Moreover, some representative examples of the incorporation into GBMs of electroactive units such as porphyrins, phthalocyanines, or ferrocene, among others, affording electron donor-acceptor (D-A) hybrids are presented. For the latter systems, the photophysical characterization of their ground- and excited-state features has also been included, paying particular attention to elucidate the fundamental dynamics of the energy transfer and charge separation processes of these hybrids. For some of the presented architectures, their application in solar energy conversion schemes and energy production has been also discussed.
This review offers an overview on the chemical functionalization, characterization and applications of graphene-based materials.
Organic open-shell compounds are extraordinarily attractive materials for their use in molecular spintronics thanks to their long spin-relaxation times and structural flexibility. Porphyrins (Pors) ...have widely been used as molecular platforms to craft persistent open-shell structures through solution-based redox chemistry. However, very few examples of inherently open-shell Pors have been reported, which are typically obtained through the fusion of non-Kekulé polyaromatic hydrocarbon moieties to the Por core. The inherent instability and low solubility of these radical species, however, requires the use of bulky substituents and multistep synthetic approaches. On-surface synthesis has emerged as a powerful tool to overcome such limitations, giving access to structures that cannot be obtained through classical methods. Herein, we present a simple and straightforward method for the on-surface synthesis of phenalenyl-fused Pors using readily available molecular precursors. In a systematic study, we examine the structural and electronic properties of three surface-supported Pors, bearing zero, two (PorA 2 ), and four (PorA 4 ) meso-fused phenalenyl moieties. Through atomically resolved real-space imaging by scanning probe microscopy and high-resolution scanning tunneling spectroscopy combined with density functional theory calculations, we unambiguously demonstrate a triplet ground state for PorA 2 and a charge-transfer-induced open-shell character for the intrinsically closed-shell PorA 4 .
PDF
